Chapter 45 (Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview
and Cell Cycle-Specific Drugs)
WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW FOR Chapter 45
(Antineoplastic Drugs)
Part 1: Cancer Overview and Cell Cycle-Specific Drugs
- we will answer the study guide
- her Powepoint
- then questions. - Chapter 45
1. Review signs of neutropenia
2. 5-fluorouracil
a. Mechanism of action
b. Adverse effects
3. Classifications of cancer by location
a. Sarcoma
b. Carcinoma
c. Lymphoma
4. Infection concerns when on antineoplastic medications
5. Review key terms for the chapter
Cancer is normally treated using one or more of three major medical
approaches....
,Chapter 45 (Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview
and Cell Cycle-Specific Drugs)
✔️REMEMBER:
C
R
S - chemotherapy.
radiation therapy,
surgery
The term chemotherapy refers to... - the pharmacologic treatment of cancer
Cancer chemotherapy drugs can be subdivided into 2 main groups
(based on where in the cell cycle they have their effects....) - cell cycle-
NONSPECIFIC drugs
‒ Antineoplastic drugs that are cytotoxic (cell killing) in ANY phase of the
cycle are called cell cycle-nonspecific drugs.
cell cycle-SPECIFIC drugs
‒ Those drugs that are cytotoxic during a specific cell cycle phase are called
cell cycle-specific drugs.
‒ These are broad categories that describe the activity of a drug with regard
to cell cycle.
‒ Individual drugs may have actions that fall into both of these categories.
‒ Regardless of the cell cycle characteristics of a drug, it is more effective
on rapidly growing tumors.
, Chapter 45 (Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview
and Cell Cycle-Specific Drugs)
ch. 45 = cell cycle-specific drugs.
ch. 46 = focuses on cell cycle-nonspecific drugs, as well as various
miscellaneous antineoplastic drugs.
No antineoplastic drug is effective against all types of cancer..
T/F???? - TRUE!!
Most cancer drugs have a low therapeutic index... WHAT DOES THAT
MEAN??? - which means that a fine line exists between therapeutic and toxic
levels.
Clinical experience has shown that a combination of drugs is usually more
effective than single-drug therapy.
T/F??? - TRUE!!!!
To be most effective, drugs used in a combination regimen would ideally
possess the following characteristics:
— Some efficacy even as single drugs in the treatment of the particular type
of cancer
— Different mechanisms of action so that the cytotoxic effect is maximized;
specificity
— No or minimal overlapping toxicities
and Cell Cycle-Specific Drugs)
WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW FOR Chapter 45
(Antineoplastic Drugs)
Part 1: Cancer Overview and Cell Cycle-Specific Drugs
- we will answer the study guide
- her Powepoint
- then questions. - Chapter 45
1. Review signs of neutropenia
2. 5-fluorouracil
a. Mechanism of action
b. Adverse effects
3. Classifications of cancer by location
a. Sarcoma
b. Carcinoma
c. Lymphoma
4. Infection concerns when on antineoplastic medications
5. Review key terms for the chapter
Cancer is normally treated using one or more of three major medical
approaches....
,Chapter 45 (Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview
and Cell Cycle-Specific Drugs)
✔️REMEMBER:
C
R
S - chemotherapy.
radiation therapy,
surgery
The term chemotherapy refers to... - the pharmacologic treatment of cancer
Cancer chemotherapy drugs can be subdivided into 2 main groups
(based on where in the cell cycle they have their effects....) - cell cycle-
NONSPECIFIC drugs
‒ Antineoplastic drugs that are cytotoxic (cell killing) in ANY phase of the
cycle are called cell cycle-nonspecific drugs.
cell cycle-SPECIFIC drugs
‒ Those drugs that are cytotoxic during a specific cell cycle phase are called
cell cycle-specific drugs.
‒ These are broad categories that describe the activity of a drug with regard
to cell cycle.
‒ Individual drugs may have actions that fall into both of these categories.
‒ Regardless of the cell cycle characteristics of a drug, it is more effective
on rapidly growing tumors.
, Chapter 45 (Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview
and Cell Cycle-Specific Drugs)
ch. 45 = cell cycle-specific drugs.
ch. 46 = focuses on cell cycle-nonspecific drugs, as well as various
miscellaneous antineoplastic drugs.
No antineoplastic drug is effective against all types of cancer..
T/F???? - TRUE!!
Most cancer drugs have a low therapeutic index... WHAT DOES THAT
MEAN??? - which means that a fine line exists between therapeutic and toxic
levels.
Clinical experience has shown that a combination of drugs is usually more
effective than single-drug therapy.
T/F??? - TRUE!!!!
To be most effective, drugs used in a combination regimen would ideally
possess the following characteristics:
— Some efficacy even as single drugs in the treatment of the particular type
of cancer
— Different mechanisms of action so that the cytotoxic effect is maximized;
specificity
— No or minimal overlapping toxicities
