VARIABLES THAT DESCRIBE THE FULL ECONOMY, SUCH AS GDP
ANDMLIHJITHYT UNEMPLOYMENT, ARE DETERMINED BY THE DECISIONS OF
INDIVIDUAL ECONOMIC ACTORS.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
EXPLAIN HOW THE MACROECONOMY IS THE SUM OF MANY INDIVIDUAL
ECONOMIC ACTORS' DECISIONS.
KEY POINTS
• MACROECONOMISTS COMBINE THE DEMAND OF ALL CONSUMERS IN A
MARKET (AGGREGATE DEMAND) AND THE SUPPLY FROM ALL
PRODUCERS IN A MARKET (AGGREGATE SUPPLY) TO LOOK AT THE
WAY THESE GROUPS INTERACT ON A LARGE SCALE.
• JUST AS THE CHOICES MADE BY INDIVIDUAL CONSUMERS AND
PRODUCERS CAN BE AGGREGATED TO DESCRIBE AN ENTIRE
INDUSTRY, THEIR COMBINED EFFECTS CAN ALSO INFLUENCE A
NATION'S OVERALL ECONOMIC ACTIVITY.
• GDP IS MEASURED BY ADDING TOGETHER ALL THE PRODUCTION
UNDERTAKEN BY A NATION'S FIRMS. INDIVIDUAL FIRMS AFFECT GDP
EVERY TIME THEY CHOOSE TO PRODUCE MORE OR LESS. CONSUMERS
AFFECT GDP WHENEVER THEY INCREASE OR DECREASE DEMAND FOR
GOODS.