Test Bank for Children and Their Development, 4th Canadian Edition

Test Bank for Children and Their Development, 4th Canadian Edition Chapter 01: The Science of Child Development Chapter 01 Multiple-Choice Questions 1. Viewing infants as tabulae rasae suggests that A) infants will develop naturally unless the environment interferes. B) experience will mould infants into unique individuals. C) nature is more important than nurture. D) infants are born with a sense of morality. QuestionID: 01-1-01 Page-Reference: 4 Topic: Setting the Stage Skill: Factual Answer: B) experience will mould infants into unique individuals. 2. The idea that the mind of the human infant is a tabula rasa at birth reflects the belief that A) experience moulds each person into a unique individual. B) children should be left alone so that their good natures can unfold. C) heredity plays a major role in an individual's development. D) infants cannot think because their minds are blank. QuestionID: 01-1-02 Page-Reference: 4 Topic: Setting the Stage Skill: Conceptual Answer: A) experience moulds each person into a unique individual. 3. If parents believe that children are tabulae rasae at birth, they are likely to A) leave their children alone so their virtuous natures can unfold. B) be very permissive with their children. C) assume that nothing they do will have any influence on their children's development. D) plan their children's experiences from the moment of their birth. QuestionID: 01-1-03 Page-Reference: 4 Topic: Setting the Stage Skill: Applied Answer: D) plan their children's experiences from the moment of their birth. 4. The French philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau believed that A) the human infant is born a tabula rasa. B) infants were born with an innate sense of justice and morality. C) experience moulds each human into a unique individual. D) parents should teach their children rationality and self-control. 3 QuestionID: 01-1-04 Page-Reference: 4 Topic: Setting the Stage Skill: Factual Answer: B) infants were born with an innate sense of justice and morality. 5. Heather believes her 12-month-old daughter will develop optimally if Heather gives her freedom to grow naturally and does not try to shape her development. Heather's beliefs about child rearing are most similar to those of A) Sigmund Freud. B) Erik Erikson. C) John Locke. D) Jean Jacques Rousseau. QuestionID: 01-1-05 Page-Reference: 4 Topic: Setting the Stage Skill: Applied Answer: D) Jean Jacques Rousseau. 6. Jean-Jacques Rousseau emphasized ____________ in child rearing. A) parental discipline B) parental responsiveness and receptiveness C) authoritarian control D) a lack of parental involvement QuestionID: 01-1-06 Page-Reference: 4 Topic: Setting the Stage Skill: Factual Answer: B) parental responsiveness and receptiveness 7. The detailed, systematic observations of individual children commonly used by scientists in the 19th century came to be known as A) blank slates. B) baby biographies. C) mental tests. D) critical periods. QuestionID: 01-1-07 Page-Reference: 5 Topic: Setting the Stage Skill: Conceptual Answer: B) baby biographies. 4 8. ________ based his ideas about child development on evolutionary theory and was interested in age trends in children's beliefs and feelings. A) John Locke B) Jean Jacques Rousseau C) G. Stanley Hall D) Alfred Binet QuestionID: 01-1-08 Page-Reference: 5 Topic: Setting the Stage Skill: Factual Answer: C) G. Stanley Hall 9. James Mark Baldwin, who set up the first psychology laboratory in Canada at the University of Toronto, preferred _______________________ as a way to do research. A) baby biographies B) observation C) experimental research D) introspection QuestionID: 01-1-09 Page-Reference: 6 Topic: Setting the Stage Skill: Factual Answer: C) experimental research 10. ________ uses developmental research to promote healthy development, particularly for vulnerable children and families. A) Family policy B) Applied developmental science C) A quasi-experimental design D) The Index of Social Health for Children and Youth (ISHCY) QuestionID: 01-1-10 Page-Reference: 6 Topic: Setting the Stage Skill: Factual Answer: B) Applied developmental science 11. In child development science, an organized set of ideas that is designed to explain development is referred to as a A) theory. B) critical period. C) tabula rasa. D) case history. 5 QuestionID: 01-1-11 Page-Reference: 8 Topic: Foundational Theories of Child Development Skill: Factual Answer: A) theory. 12. The view that development is a result of the unfolding of a specific and prearranged scheme or plan within the body is characteristic of A) Konrad Lorenz's ethological theory. B) Sigmund Freud's psychodynamic theory. C) Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory. D) Arnold Gesell's maturational theory. QuestionID: 01-1-12 Page-Reference: 8 Topic: Foundational Theories of Child Development Skill: Factual Answer: D) Arnold Gesell's maturational theory. 13. ________ theory states that child development occurs according to a prearranged scheme or plan within the body. A) Psychodynamic B) Ecological C) Maturational D) Cognitive developmental QuestionID: 01-1-13 Page-Reference: 8 Topic: Foundational Theories of Child Development Skill: Conceptual Answer: C) Maturational 14. Gesell's maturational theory most closely fits with the ideas of A) Jean Jacques Rousseau. B) Erik Erikson. C) John Locke. D) John Watson. QuestionID: 01-1-14 Page-Reference: 8 Topic: Foundational Theories of Child Development Skill: Conceptual Answer: A) Jean Jacques Rousseau. 6 15. Which of the following theories looks at development from a biological perspective? A) Freud's psychosexual theory B) Bandura's social cognitive theory C) Gesell's maturational theory D) Erikson's psychosocial theory QuestionID: 01-1-15 Page-Reference: 8 Topic: Foundational Theories of Child Development Skill: Conceptual Answer: C) Gesell's maturational theory