NR 508 WEEK 8 QUIZ
Summary
Grade Details - All Questions
Question 1 Question : The area of the kidneys that contains the glomeruli and portions of
. the tubules is called the:
Medulla
Cortex
Pyramids
Columns
The cortex contains all the glomeruli and portions of the tubules of the kidneys.
Although the other options are also located in the kidney, they do not contain the
glomeruli.
Question 2 Question : During an infection, why do lymph nodes enlarge and become
. tender?
B lymphocytes proliferate.
The nodes are inflamed.
The nodes fill with purulent exudate.
The nodes are not properly functioning.
The B lymphocyte proliferation in response to significant antigen (e.g., during
infection) may result in lymph node enlargement and tenderness (reactive
lymph node). This description is not accurate for the other options.
Question 3 Question : What is the treatment of choice for pernicious anemia (PA)?
.
Cyanocobalamin by oral intake
Vitamin B12 by injection
Ferrous fumarate by Z-track injection
Folate by oral intake
Replacement of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is the treatment of choice for PA. Initial
injections of vitamin B12 are administered weekly until the deficiency is corrected,
followed by monthly injections for the remainder of the individual’s life. The other
options are not treatments for PA.
Question 4 Question : Which substance is used to correct the chronic anemia associated
. with chronic renal failure?
, NR 508 WEEK 8 QUIZ
Iron
Erythropoietin
Cobalamin (vitamin B12)
Folate
One of the most significant advances in the study of hematopoietic growth factors
has been the development of erythropoietin for individuals with chronic renal
failure. The other options are not associated with the treatment of chronic anemia.
Question 5 Question : What is the end-product of protein metabolism that is excreted in
. urine?
Glucose
Ketones
Bile
Urea
Of the options available, only urea is an end-product of protein metabolism and is
the major constituent of urine along with water.
Question 6 Question : What local complication of a gonococcal infection is diagnosed in
. approximately 10% of affected women?
Acute salpingitis
Cystitis
Vaginitis
Cervicitis
Acute salpingitis, or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), is the most common local
complication in women. Approximately 10% of women with untreated cervical
gonorrhea develop PID.
Question 7 Question : The common hay fever allergy is expressed through a reaction that is
. mediated by which class of immunoglobulins?
IgE
IgG
IgM
T cells
, NR 508 WEEK 8 QUIZ
Type I reactions are mediated by antigen-specific IgE and the products of tissue mast cells
(see Figure 9-1). The most common allergies (e.g., pollen allergies) are type I reactions.
In addition, most type I reactions occur against environmental antigens and are therefore
allergic. The other options do not accurately identify the mediation factor related to hay
fever.
Question 8 Question : Treatment for polycythemia vera involves which of the following?
.
Therapeutic phlebotomy and radioactive phosphorus
Restoration of blood volume by plasma expanders
Administration of cyanocobalamin
Blood transfusions
In low-risk individuals, the recommended therapy is phlebotomy and low-dose
aspirin, whereas radioactive phosphorus has been used to suppress
erythropoiesis. The other options are not considered in the treatment of
polycythemia vera.
Question 9 Question : What term is used to identify the movement of fluids and solutes
. from the tubular lumen to the peritubular capillary plasma?
Tubular secretion
Ultrafiltration
Tubular reabsorption
Tubular excretion
Tubular reabsorption is the movement of fluids and solutes from the tubular lumen
to the peritubular capillary plasma. This selection is the only option that correctly
identifies the process.
Question 10 Question : Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:
.
Adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling.
The metabolic rate of obese adults is slower than the rate of
lean adults.
The rate of urine output of obese adults is higher than the rate
of output of lean adults.
The thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function
effectively.
, NR 508 WEEK 8 QUIZ
The percentage of total body water (TBW) varies with the amount of body fat
and age. Because fat is water repelling (hydrophobic), very little water is
contained in adipose cells. Individuals with more body fat have
proportionately less TBW and tend to be more susceptible to fluid imbalances
that cause dehydration.
Question 11 Question : Continued therapy of pernicious anemia (PA) generally lasts how
. long?
6 to 8 weeks
8 to 12 months
Until the iron level is normal
The rest of one’s life
Because PA cannot be cured, maintenance therapy is a life-long endeavor.
Question 12 Question : Which of the following describes how the body compensates for
. anemia?
Increasing rate and depth of breathing
Decreasing capillary vasoconstriction
Hemoglobin holding more firmly onto oxygen
Kidneys releasing more erythropoietin
Tissue hypoxia creates additional demands and compensatory actions on the
pulmonary and hematologic systems. The rate and depth of breathing increase in
an attempt to increase the availability of oxygen. This selection is the only option
that accurately describes the compensation mechanism in such anemias.
Question 13 Question : Which chamber of the heart endures the highest pressures?
.
Right atrium
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Pressure is greatest in the systemic circulation, driven by the left ventricle.
Question 14 Question : Which glycoprotein protects against urolithiasis and is a ligand for
. lymphokines?
Uromodulin
Summary
Grade Details - All Questions
Question 1 Question : The area of the kidneys that contains the glomeruli and portions of
. the tubules is called the:
Medulla
Cortex
Pyramids
Columns
The cortex contains all the glomeruli and portions of the tubules of the kidneys.
Although the other options are also located in the kidney, they do not contain the
glomeruli.
Question 2 Question : During an infection, why do lymph nodes enlarge and become
. tender?
B lymphocytes proliferate.
The nodes are inflamed.
The nodes fill with purulent exudate.
The nodes are not properly functioning.
The B lymphocyte proliferation in response to significant antigen (e.g., during
infection) may result in lymph node enlargement and tenderness (reactive
lymph node). This description is not accurate for the other options.
Question 3 Question : What is the treatment of choice for pernicious anemia (PA)?
.
Cyanocobalamin by oral intake
Vitamin B12 by injection
Ferrous fumarate by Z-track injection
Folate by oral intake
Replacement of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is the treatment of choice for PA. Initial
injections of vitamin B12 are administered weekly until the deficiency is corrected,
followed by monthly injections for the remainder of the individual’s life. The other
options are not treatments for PA.
Question 4 Question : Which substance is used to correct the chronic anemia associated
. with chronic renal failure?
, NR 508 WEEK 8 QUIZ
Iron
Erythropoietin
Cobalamin (vitamin B12)
Folate
One of the most significant advances in the study of hematopoietic growth factors
has been the development of erythropoietin for individuals with chronic renal
failure. The other options are not associated with the treatment of chronic anemia.
Question 5 Question : What is the end-product of protein metabolism that is excreted in
. urine?
Glucose
Ketones
Bile
Urea
Of the options available, only urea is an end-product of protein metabolism and is
the major constituent of urine along with water.
Question 6 Question : What local complication of a gonococcal infection is diagnosed in
. approximately 10% of affected women?
Acute salpingitis
Cystitis
Vaginitis
Cervicitis
Acute salpingitis, or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), is the most common local
complication in women. Approximately 10% of women with untreated cervical
gonorrhea develop PID.
Question 7 Question : The common hay fever allergy is expressed through a reaction that is
. mediated by which class of immunoglobulins?
IgE
IgG
IgM
T cells
, NR 508 WEEK 8 QUIZ
Type I reactions are mediated by antigen-specific IgE and the products of tissue mast cells
(see Figure 9-1). The most common allergies (e.g., pollen allergies) are type I reactions.
In addition, most type I reactions occur against environmental antigens and are therefore
allergic. The other options do not accurately identify the mediation factor related to hay
fever.
Question 8 Question : Treatment for polycythemia vera involves which of the following?
.
Therapeutic phlebotomy and radioactive phosphorus
Restoration of blood volume by plasma expanders
Administration of cyanocobalamin
Blood transfusions
In low-risk individuals, the recommended therapy is phlebotomy and low-dose
aspirin, whereas radioactive phosphorus has been used to suppress
erythropoiesis. The other options are not considered in the treatment of
polycythemia vera.
Question 9 Question : What term is used to identify the movement of fluids and solutes
. from the tubular lumen to the peritubular capillary plasma?
Tubular secretion
Ultrafiltration
Tubular reabsorption
Tubular excretion
Tubular reabsorption is the movement of fluids and solutes from the tubular lumen
to the peritubular capillary plasma. This selection is the only option that correctly
identifies the process.
Question 10 Question : Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:
.
Adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling.
The metabolic rate of obese adults is slower than the rate of
lean adults.
The rate of urine output of obese adults is higher than the rate
of output of lean adults.
The thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function
effectively.
, NR 508 WEEK 8 QUIZ
The percentage of total body water (TBW) varies with the amount of body fat
and age. Because fat is water repelling (hydrophobic), very little water is
contained in adipose cells. Individuals with more body fat have
proportionately less TBW and tend to be more susceptible to fluid imbalances
that cause dehydration.
Question 11 Question : Continued therapy of pernicious anemia (PA) generally lasts how
. long?
6 to 8 weeks
8 to 12 months
Until the iron level is normal
The rest of one’s life
Because PA cannot be cured, maintenance therapy is a life-long endeavor.
Question 12 Question : Which of the following describes how the body compensates for
. anemia?
Increasing rate and depth of breathing
Decreasing capillary vasoconstriction
Hemoglobin holding more firmly onto oxygen
Kidneys releasing more erythropoietin
Tissue hypoxia creates additional demands and compensatory actions on the
pulmonary and hematologic systems. The rate and depth of breathing increase in
an attempt to increase the availability of oxygen. This selection is the only option
that accurately describes the compensation mechanism in such anemias.
Question 13 Question : Which chamber of the heart endures the highest pressures?
.
Right atrium
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Pressure is greatest in the systemic circulation, driven by the left ventricle.
Question 14 Question : Which glycoprotein protects against urolithiasis and is a ligand for
. lymphokines?
Uromodulin
