MED 2059 Exam # 3
Topics to Review
DISORDERS:
I. Musculoskeletal System Disorders
a. Discuss scoliosis, its causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, complications,
treatment, and nursing interventions. Describe the use of a Milwaukee brace.
Scoliosis more common in girls
Functional-caused by poor posture
Structural-caused by changes in the shape of the vertebrae or
thorax Milwaukee brace
o Worn 23 hrs a day with sheepskin underneath to prevent chafing
b. Discuss muscular dystrophy, its causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations,
complications, treatment, and nursing interventions
Duchenne’s or Becker Muscular Dystrophy (MD) progressive muscle degeneration
Onset between 2 and 6 years old
History of delayed motor development during infancy may be evidenced
Diagnostics:
Increase in blood creatinine phosphokinase level
Muscle biopsy reveals degeneration of muscle fibers replaced by fat and
connective tissue ECG abnormalities are also common
Manifestations
Gower sign using all four extremities to stand up
c. Discuss JRA, its causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, complications, treatment,
and nursing interventions after surgery
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis: most common arthritis of childhood
No specific tests or cures for JIA
Duration of symptoms is important, especially if they last longer than 6 months
Systemic inflammation involving joints, connective tissues, and viscera
d. Discuss the normal skeletal system and function of children.
e. Discuss the management of sprained ankle.
f. Discuss child abuse, clinical manifestations and nursing interventions
II. Integumentary Disorders
a. Discuss eczema (atopic dermatitis), its causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations,
complications, treatment, and nursing interventions
eczema (atopic dermatitis
Topics to Review
DISORDERS:
I. Musculoskeletal System Disorders
a. Discuss scoliosis, its causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, complications,
treatment, and nursing interventions. Describe the use of a Milwaukee brace.
Scoliosis more common in girls
Functional-caused by poor posture
Structural-caused by changes in the shape of the vertebrae or
thorax Milwaukee brace
o Worn 23 hrs a day with sheepskin underneath to prevent chafing
b. Discuss muscular dystrophy, its causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations,
complications, treatment, and nursing interventions
Duchenne’s or Becker Muscular Dystrophy (MD) progressive muscle degeneration
Onset between 2 and 6 years old
History of delayed motor development during infancy may be evidenced
Diagnostics:
Increase in blood creatinine phosphokinase level
Muscle biopsy reveals degeneration of muscle fibers replaced by fat and
connective tissue ECG abnormalities are also common
Manifestations
Gower sign using all four extremities to stand up
c. Discuss JRA, its causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, complications, treatment,
and nursing interventions after surgery
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis: most common arthritis of childhood
No specific tests or cures for JIA
Duration of symptoms is important, especially if they last longer than 6 months
Systemic inflammation involving joints, connective tissues, and viscera
d. Discuss the normal skeletal system and function of children.
e. Discuss the management of sprained ankle.
f. Discuss child abuse, clinical manifestations and nursing interventions
II. Integumentary Disorders
a. Discuss eczema (atopic dermatitis), its causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations,
complications, treatment, and nursing interventions
eczema (atopic dermatitis
