BIOL 102 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE FALL 17’
Cardiovascular System
1. What are the differences (function, structure, pressures etc.) between Arteries,
arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.
2. What mechanisms assist in blood return, through veins, to the heart?
3. What are precapillary sphincters? Where are they found?
4. What are the layers of the heart?
5. Starting with the right atrium, describe the flow of blood through the heart, and through
systemic circulation back to the heart. Where do gas (O2 & CO2) exchanges happen
through this cycle?
6. Where is oxygenated and deoxygenated blood found throughout the cardiovascular
system?
7. Describe contraction through the cardiac cycle. Include chamber and valve activity.
8. What do the “lub” and “dub” heart sounds correspond to?
9. Describe the cardiac conduction system. What part of the conduction system is
commonly referred to as the “cardiac pacemaker”?
10. What is an electrocardiogram (EKG) used for?
11. Hypertension vs Hypotension
12. How is arterial blood pressure maintained?
13. What are baroreceptors?
Chapter 9: Immune System
1. Compare and contrast bacteria, viruses, and prions.
2. What are antibiotics used for?
3. What organs are part of the lymphatic system? What are their functions? Which cells
are found there?
4. What are first line defenses?
5. What are second line defenses?
6. What are third line defenses?
7. What are the steps of phagocytosis?
8. How is the inflammatory response initiated? Describe the inflammatory response.
9. What do compliment proteins do?
10. What is the function of interferons?
11. B-cell (antibody-mediated immunity) vs T-cell (cell-mediated immunity)
12. What are the 5 classes of antibodies and what are their functions?
13. Primary Vs Secondary Immune response
14. Differentiate between Helper T-cells and Cytotoxic T-cells.
15. What are cytokines?
16. What are allergies? What is an allergen? Which cells/factors are involved in allergic
reactions?
Cardiovascular System
1. What are the differences (function, structure, pressures etc.) between Arteries,
arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.
2. What mechanisms assist in blood return, through veins, to the heart?
3. What are precapillary sphincters? Where are they found?
4. What are the layers of the heart?
5. Starting with the right atrium, describe the flow of blood through the heart, and through
systemic circulation back to the heart. Where do gas (O2 & CO2) exchanges happen
through this cycle?
6. Where is oxygenated and deoxygenated blood found throughout the cardiovascular
system?
7. Describe contraction through the cardiac cycle. Include chamber and valve activity.
8. What do the “lub” and “dub” heart sounds correspond to?
9. Describe the cardiac conduction system. What part of the conduction system is
commonly referred to as the “cardiac pacemaker”?
10. What is an electrocardiogram (EKG) used for?
11. Hypertension vs Hypotension
12. How is arterial blood pressure maintained?
13. What are baroreceptors?
Chapter 9: Immune System
1. Compare and contrast bacteria, viruses, and prions.
2. What are antibiotics used for?
3. What organs are part of the lymphatic system? What are their functions? Which cells
are found there?
4. What are first line defenses?
5. What are second line defenses?
6. What are third line defenses?
7. What are the steps of phagocytosis?
8. How is the inflammatory response initiated? Describe the inflammatory response.
9. What do compliment proteins do?
10. What is the function of interferons?
11. B-cell (antibody-mediated immunity) vs T-cell (cell-mediated immunity)
12. What are the 5 classes of antibodies and what are their functions?
13. Primary Vs Secondary Immune response
14. Differentiate between Helper T-cells and Cytotoxic T-cells.
15. What are cytokines?
16. What are allergies? What is an allergen? Which cells/factors are involved in allergic
reactions?
