NR 511 / NR511 FINALEXAM 1
i i i i i i
The ieffectiveness iof ibenzodiazepines iin itreating ianxiety idisorders isuggests ithat iwhich iof ithe ifollowing
ineurotransmitters iplays ia irole iin ianxiety?
Gamma-aminobutyric iacid i(GABA)
The icriteria ifor idiagnosing igeneralized ianxiety idisorder iin ithe iAmerican iPsychiatric iAssociations
iDiagnostic iand iStatistical iManual iof iMental iDisorders, i5th iedition i(text irevision) istate ithat iexcessiveiworry
ior iapprehension imust ibe ipresent imore idays ithan inot ifor iat ileast?
6 imonths
A i20-year-old iwoman iis iseen iin ithe iclinic ibecause iher iboyfriend iwas ifound ito ihave igonorrhea. iWhich iofithe
ifollowing iis ithe itreatment iof ichoice ifor igonorrhea?
a. Ceftriaxone
b. Doxycycline
c. Acyclovir
d. Metronidazole
Ceftriaxone
i
A ipatient iis iseen iin ithe iclinic iwith ia ichief icomplaint iof ihematuria. iTo imake ia idifferential idiagnosis, iwhichiof
ithe ifollowing iquestions ishould ibe iasked?
a. "Do iyou ihave ia ihistory iof iliver idisease?"
b. "What imedications iare iyou icurrently itaking?"
c. "Have iyou inoticed iswelling iin iyour iankles?"
d. All iof ithe iabove
"What imedications iare iyou icurrently itaking"
A ipatient iis iseen iin ithe iclinic iwith ihematuria iconfirmed ion imicroscopic iexamination. iThe iclinician ishould
iinquire iabout ithe iingestion iof iwhich iof ithese isubstances ithat imight ibe ithe icause iof ihematuria?
a. NSAIDs
b. Beets
c. Vitamin iA
d. Red imeat
NSAIDS
i
A i27-year-old ifemale ipresents iwith ia ichief icomplaint iof iburning iand ipain ion iurination. iShe ihas ino
iprevious ihistory iof iurinary itract iinfection i(UTI). iWhat iare isome iadditional isymptoms iconsistent iwith ia
idiagnosis iof ilower iUTI?
a. Back iand iabdominal ipain
b. Fever, ichills, icostovertebral iangle i(CVA) itenderness
,c. Blood iin iurine iand ifrequency
d. Foul-smelling idischarge, iperineal iitch
Blood iin iurine iad ifrequency
i
A i30-year-old ipatient ipresents iwith ipain ion iurination. iThe iurine imicroscopy iof iunspun iurine ishows
igreater ithan i10 ileukocytes/mL, iand ia idipstick iis ipositive ifor initrites. iWhat iis ithe iprobable idiagnosis?ia.
iLower iurinary itract iinfection
b. Chlamydia iinfection
c. Candidiasis
d. Pyelonephritis
Lower iurinary itract iinfection
A ipatient ipresents iwith iCVA itenderness iand ia iseveral-day ihistory iof ihigh ifever, ichills, iand idysuria. iWhichiof
ithe ifollowing idiagnoses iis imost ilikely igiven ithe iabove iinformation?
a. Pyelonephritis
b. Cystitis
c. Renal icalculi
d. Bladder itumor
Pyelonephritis
i
A ipatient iis idiagnosed iwith iurge iincontinence. iBefore iprescribing iDetrol iXL, ithe iprovider ishould iquestion
ithe ipatient iabout iwhich iof ithese icontraindications ito ithis imedication?
a. Diarrhea
b. Parkinson's idisease
c. Closed-angle iglaucoma
d. Breast icancer
i Closed-angle iglaucoma
A ipatient iis iseen iin ithe ioffice icomplaining iof isevere iflank ipain. iThe iclinician ishould iassess ithis ipatient ifor
iwhich irisk ifactor ifor ikidney istones?
a. Hypertension
b. Constipation
c. Tubal iligation
d. Diabetes
i Hypertensio
n
A ipatient iis idiagnosed iwith ioveractive ibladder. iWhich iof ithe ifollowing iinstructions ishould ibe igiven ito
ithis iwoman?
a. i"Limit ithe iamount iof iwater ithat iyou idrink."
ib. i"Eliminate icaffeine ifrom iyour idiet."
c. i"Wear ipanty iliners."
d. iAll iof ithe iabove
Eliminate icaffeine ifrom iyour idiet
, A i34-year-old ipatient iwas itreated ifor ia iUTI iand ihas inot iresponded ito iantibiotic itherapy. iWhich iof ithe
ifollowing iactions ishould ibe itaken inext?
a. Send ia iurine ispecimen ifor imicroscopy iand ievaluate ifor ifungal icolonies.
b. Increase ithe idose iof iantibiotic.
c. Order ia icytoscopy.
d. Order ia idifferent iantibiotic.
Send ia iurine ispecimen ifor imicroscopy iand ievaluate ifor ifungal icolonies
Which iof ithe ifollowing iare ipredisposing ifactors ifor ipyelonephritis?
i
a. Pregnancy
b. Dehydration
c. Smoking
d. Alkaline iurine
Pregnancy
i
A i42-year-old iwoman iis iseen iin ithe iclinic iwith ifever, ichills, ivomiting, iand isevere idysuria. iShe iis
idiagnosed iwith iacute ipyelonephritis. iHow ishould ithis ipatient ibe imanaged?
a. i3-day icourse iof ioral iantibiotics
ib. iHospitalization
c. iEncourage icranberry ijuice iintake.
d. i6-week icourse iof iantibiotics
Hospitalization
i
Oral iantibiotics imay ibe iprescribed iin imild icases iof iacute ipyelonephritis, icharacterized iby ithe iabsence iof
inausea iand ivomiting ior isigns iof isepsis. iFirst-line itherapy iincludes iciprofloxacin i(Cipro) i500 img itwo itimes
idaily ifor i7 idays, ior iciprofloxacin iextended-release i(Cipro iXR) i1,000 img idaily ifor i7 idays, ior ilevofloxacin
i(Levaquin) i750 img idaily ifor i5 idays.
Hospitalization imay ibe iindicated, idepending ion ithe ipatient's iability ito imaintain iadequate ifluid iintake
and ito itolerate ioral iantibiotics, ialong iwith ithe iseverity iof ithe isymptoms iand ievidence iof ibacteremia.
Hospitalization iof ipatients iwho iare ipregnant, ivomiting, ior idehydrated ishould ibe istrongly iconsidered.
Likewise, ithe ipatient's idegree iof isystemic iillness i(bacteremia ior iurosepsis), iage, ihistory iof ichronic
disease, ior inonadherence ito itherapy imay ilead ito ithe iassessment ithat ihospitalization iis inecessary.
Ninety- ifive ipercent iof ipatients idemonstrate ia igood iresponse iwithin i48 ihours ito iIV iantibiotic itreatment
and imay ibe idischarged ion iappropriate ioral imedication, ionce iurine iculture iand iantibiotic isensitivity
results iare iavailable iand isubsequent iantimicrobial itherapy imay ibe inarrowed iin ispectrum.
A ipatient iis iseen iwith ia isudden ionset iof iflank ipain iaccompanied iby inausea, ivomiting, iand idiaphoresis.iIn
iaddition ito inephrolithiasis, iwhich iof ithe ifollowing ishould ibe iadded ito ithe ilist iof idifferential idiagnoses?
a. Pancreatitis
b. Peptic iulcer idisease
i i i i i i
The ieffectiveness iof ibenzodiazepines iin itreating ianxiety idisorders isuggests ithat iwhich iof ithe ifollowing
ineurotransmitters iplays ia irole iin ianxiety?
Gamma-aminobutyric iacid i(GABA)
The icriteria ifor idiagnosing igeneralized ianxiety idisorder iin ithe iAmerican iPsychiatric iAssociations
iDiagnostic iand iStatistical iManual iof iMental iDisorders, i5th iedition i(text irevision) istate ithat iexcessiveiworry
ior iapprehension imust ibe ipresent imore idays ithan inot ifor iat ileast?
6 imonths
A i20-year-old iwoman iis iseen iin ithe iclinic ibecause iher iboyfriend iwas ifound ito ihave igonorrhea. iWhich iofithe
ifollowing iis ithe itreatment iof ichoice ifor igonorrhea?
a. Ceftriaxone
b. Doxycycline
c. Acyclovir
d. Metronidazole
Ceftriaxone
i
A ipatient iis iseen iin ithe iclinic iwith ia ichief icomplaint iof ihematuria. iTo imake ia idifferential idiagnosis, iwhichiof
ithe ifollowing iquestions ishould ibe iasked?
a. "Do iyou ihave ia ihistory iof iliver idisease?"
b. "What imedications iare iyou icurrently itaking?"
c. "Have iyou inoticed iswelling iin iyour iankles?"
d. All iof ithe iabove
"What imedications iare iyou icurrently itaking"
A ipatient iis iseen iin ithe iclinic iwith ihematuria iconfirmed ion imicroscopic iexamination. iThe iclinician ishould
iinquire iabout ithe iingestion iof iwhich iof ithese isubstances ithat imight ibe ithe icause iof ihematuria?
a. NSAIDs
b. Beets
c. Vitamin iA
d. Red imeat
NSAIDS
i
A i27-year-old ifemale ipresents iwith ia ichief icomplaint iof iburning iand ipain ion iurination. iShe ihas ino
iprevious ihistory iof iurinary itract iinfection i(UTI). iWhat iare isome iadditional isymptoms iconsistent iwith ia
idiagnosis iof ilower iUTI?
a. Back iand iabdominal ipain
b. Fever, ichills, icostovertebral iangle i(CVA) itenderness
,c. Blood iin iurine iand ifrequency
d. Foul-smelling idischarge, iperineal iitch
Blood iin iurine iad ifrequency
i
A i30-year-old ipatient ipresents iwith ipain ion iurination. iThe iurine imicroscopy iof iunspun iurine ishows
igreater ithan i10 ileukocytes/mL, iand ia idipstick iis ipositive ifor initrites. iWhat iis ithe iprobable idiagnosis?ia.
iLower iurinary itract iinfection
b. Chlamydia iinfection
c. Candidiasis
d. Pyelonephritis
Lower iurinary itract iinfection
A ipatient ipresents iwith iCVA itenderness iand ia iseveral-day ihistory iof ihigh ifever, ichills, iand idysuria. iWhichiof
ithe ifollowing idiagnoses iis imost ilikely igiven ithe iabove iinformation?
a. Pyelonephritis
b. Cystitis
c. Renal icalculi
d. Bladder itumor
Pyelonephritis
i
A ipatient iis idiagnosed iwith iurge iincontinence. iBefore iprescribing iDetrol iXL, ithe iprovider ishould iquestion
ithe ipatient iabout iwhich iof ithese icontraindications ito ithis imedication?
a. Diarrhea
b. Parkinson's idisease
c. Closed-angle iglaucoma
d. Breast icancer
i Closed-angle iglaucoma
A ipatient iis iseen iin ithe ioffice icomplaining iof isevere iflank ipain. iThe iclinician ishould iassess ithis ipatient ifor
iwhich irisk ifactor ifor ikidney istones?
a. Hypertension
b. Constipation
c. Tubal iligation
d. Diabetes
i Hypertensio
n
A ipatient iis idiagnosed iwith ioveractive ibladder. iWhich iof ithe ifollowing iinstructions ishould ibe igiven ito
ithis iwoman?
a. i"Limit ithe iamount iof iwater ithat iyou idrink."
ib. i"Eliminate icaffeine ifrom iyour idiet."
c. i"Wear ipanty iliners."
d. iAll iof ithe iabove
Eliminate icaffeine ifrom iyour idiet
, A i34-year-old ipatient iwas itreated ifor ia iUTI iand ihas inot iresponded ito iantibiotic itherapy. iWhich iof ithe
ifollowing iactions ishould ibe itaken inext?
a. Send ia iurine ispecimen ifor imicroscopy iand ievaluate ifor ifungal icolonies.
b. Increase ithe idose iof iantibiotic.
c. Order ia icytoscopy.
d. Order ia idifferent iantibiotic.
Send ia iurine ispecimen ifor imicroscopy iand ievaluate ifor ifungal icolonies
Which iof ithe ifollowing iare ipredisposing ifactors ifor ipyelonephritis?
i
a. Pregnancy
b. Dehydration
c. Smoking
d. Alkaline iurine
Pregnancy
i
A i42-year-old iwoman iis iseen iin ithe iclinic iwith ifever, ichills, ivomiting, iand isevere idysuria. iShe iis
idiagnosed iwith iacute ipyelonephritis. iHow ishould ithis ipatient ibe imanaged?
a. i3-day icourse iof ioral iantibiotics
ib. iHospitalization
c. iEncourage icranberry ijuice iintake.
d. i6-week icourse iof iantibiotics
Hospitalization
i
Oral iantibiotics imay ibe iprescribed iin imild icases iof iacute ipyelonephritis, icharacterized iby ithe iabsence iof
inausea iand ivomiting ior isigns iof isepsis. iFirst-line itherapy iincludes iciprofloxacin i(Cipro) i500 img itwo itimes
idaily ifor i7 idays, ior iciprofloxacin iextended-release i(Cipro iXR) i1,000 img idaily ifor i7 idays, ior ilevofloxacin
i(Levaquin) i750 img idaily ifor i5 idays.
Hospitalization imay ibe iindicated, idepending ion ithe ipatient's iability ito imaintain iadequate ifluid iintake
and ito itolerate ioral iantibiotics, ialong iwith ithe iseverity iof ithe isymptoms iand ievidence iof ibacteremia.
Hospitalization iof ipatients iwho iare ipregnant, ivomiting, ior idehydrated ishould ibe istrongly iconsidered.
Likewise, ithe ipatient's idegree iof isystemic iillness i(bacteremia ior iurosepsis), iage, ihistory iof ichronic
disease, ior inonadherence ito itherapy imay ilead ito ithe iassessment ithat ihospitalization iis inecessary.
Ninety- ifive ipercent iof ipatients idemonstrate ia igood iresponse iwithin i48 ihours ito iIV iantibiotic itreatment
and imay ibe idischarged ion iappropriate ioral imedication, ionce iurine iculture iand iantibiotic isensitivity
results iare iavailable iand isubsequent iantimicrobial itherapy imay ibe inarrowed iin ispectrum.
A ipatient iis iseen iwith ia isudden ionset iof iflank ipain iaccompanied iby inausea, ivomiting, iand idiaphoresis.iIn
iaddition ito inephrolithiasis, iwhich iof ithe ifollowing ishould ibe iadded ito ithe ilist iof idifferential idiagnoses?
a. Pancreatitis
b. Peptic iulcer idisease
