Chapter 01: Nursing, Theory, and Professional Practice
Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative Practice, 2nd
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A group of nursing students are discussing the impact of nonnursing theories in clinical practice. The s
they chose which theory to prioritize patient care?
a. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
b. Paul’s Critical-Thinking Theory
c. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
d. Rosenstock’s Health Belief Model
ANS: C
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs specifies the psychological and physiologic factors that affect each person
health. The nurse’s understanding of these factors helps with formulating Nursing diagnoses that addre
values to prioritize care. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development and Socialization is based on
learning about their world. Nurses use concepts of developmental theory to critically think in providing
various stages of their lives. Rosenstock (1974) developed the psychological Health Belief Model. The
reasons for why a patient may not comply with recommended health promotion behaviors. This model
as they educate patients.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.5 TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
2. A nursing student is preparing study notes from a recent lecture in nursing history. The student would c
for which definition of nursing?
a. The imbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for
health.
b. The nurse needs to focus on interpersonal processes between nurse and patient.
c. The nurse assists the patient with essential functions toward independence.
d. Human beings are interacting in continuous motion as energy fields.
ANS: A
Florence Nightingale’s (1860) concept of the environment emphasized prevention and clean air, water,
states that the imbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for health and
conservation of energy. Hildegard Peplau (1952) focused on the roles played by the nurse and the inter
nurse and a patient. Virginia Henderson described the nurse’s role as substitutive (doing for the person
the person), or complementary (working with the person), with the goal of independence for the patien
developed the Science of Unitary Human Beings. She stated that human beings and their environments
continuous motion as infinite energy fields.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 1.4 TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
NOT: Concepts: Health Promotion
3. The nurse identifies which nurse established the American Red Cross during the Civil War?
a. Dorothea Dix
b. Linda Richards
c. Lena Higbee
d. Clara Barton
ANS: D
Clara Barton practiced nursing in the Civil War and established the American Red Cross. Dorothea Dix
Sanitary Commission, which was a forerunner of the Army Nurse Corps. Linda Richards was America
graduating from Boston’s Women’s Hospital in 1873, and Lena Higbee, superintendent of the U.S. Na
awarded the Navy Cross in 1918.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.3 TOP: Assessment
, 5. The nurse manager is interviewing graduate nurses to fill existing staffing vacancies. When hiring grad
manager realizes that they will probably not be considered “competent” until they complete which task
a. They graduate and pass NCLEX.
b. They have worked 2 to 3 years.
c. Their last year of nursing school.
d. They are actually hired.
ANS: B
Benner’s model identifies five levels of proficiency: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient,
nurse progresses from novice to advanced beginner during nursing school and attains the competent lev
years of work experience after graduation. To obtain the RN credential, a person must graduate from a
and pass a state licensing examination called the National Council Licensure Examination for Register
usually taken soon after completion of an approved nursing program.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.7 TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
6. The prospective student is considering options for beginning a career in nursing. Which degree would
desire to conduct research at the university level?
a. Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)
b. Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)
d. Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing (PhD)
ANS: D
Doctoral nursing education can result in a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree. This degree prepares nu
research, teaching, and administration that are essential to advancing nursing as a profession. Associate
programs usually are conducted in a community college setting. The nursing curriculum focuses on adu
maternal/child health; pediatrics; and psychiatric/mental health nursing. ADN RNs may return to schoo
or higher in an RN-to-BSN or RN-to-MSN program. Bachelor’s degree programs include community h
courses beyond those provided in an associate degree program. A newer practice-focused doctoral deg
practice (DNP), which concentrates on the clinical aspects of nursing. DNP specialties include the four
NP, CNS, CNM, and CRNA.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.9 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
7. During a staff meeting, the nurse manager announces that the hospital will be seeking Magnet status. T
for this award, the nurse manager will contact which organization?
a. American Nurses Association (ANA)
b. American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC)
c. National League for Nursing (NLN)
d. Joint Commission
ANS: B
The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) awards Magnet Recognition to hospitals that have
innovation in nursing. The ANA is a professional organization that provides standards of nursing pract
Nursing (NLN) outlines and updates competencies for practical, associate, baccalaureate, and graduate
The Joint Commission is the accrediting organization for health care facilities in the United States.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
8. The nurse is caring for a patient who refuses two units of packed red blood cells. When the nurse notifi
of the patient’s decision, the nurse is acting in which role?
a. Manager
b. Change agent
Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative Practice, 2nd
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A group of nursing students are discussing the impact of nonnursing theories in clinical practice. The s
they chose which theory to prioritize patient care?
a. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
b. Paul’s Critical-Thinking Theory
c. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
d. Rosenstock’s Health Belief Model
ANS: C
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs specifies the psychological and physiologic factors that affect each person
health. The nurse’s understanding of these factors helps with formulating Nursing diagnoses that addre
values to prioritize care. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development and Socialization is based on
learning about their world. Nurses use concepts of developmental theory to critically think in providing
various stages of their lives. Rosenstock (1974) developed the psychological Health Belief Model. The
reasons for why a patient may not comply with recommended health promotion behaviors. This model
as they educate patients.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.5 TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
2. A nursing student is preparing study notes from a recent lecture in nursing history. The student would c
for which definition of nursing?
a. The imbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for
health.
b. The nurse needs to focus on interpersonal processes between nurse and patient.
c. The nurse assists the patient with essential functions toward independence.
d. Human beings are interacting in continuous motion as energy fields.
ANS: A
Florence Nightingale’s (1860) concept of the environment emphasized prevention and clean air, water,
states that the imbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for health and
conservation of energy. Hildegard Peplau (1952) focused on the roles played by the nurse and the inter
nurse and a patient. Virginia Henderson described the nurse’s role as substitutive (doing for the person
the person), or complementary (working with the person), with the goal of independence for the patien
developed the Science of Unitary Human Beings. She stated that human beings and their environments
continuous motion as infinite energy fields.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 1.4 TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
NOT: Concepts: Health Promotion
3. The nurse identifies which nurse established the American Red Cross during the Civil War?
a. Dorothea Dix
b. Linda Richards
c. Lena Higbee
d. Clara Barton
ANS: D
Clara Barton practiced nursing in the Civil War and established the American Red Cross. Dorothea Dix
Sanitary Commission, which was a forerunner of the Army Nurse Corps. Linda Richards was America
graduating from Boston’s Women’s Hospital in 1873, and Lena Higbee, superintendent of the U.S. Na
awarded the Navy Cross in 1918.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.3 TOP: Assessment
, 5. The nurse manager is interviewing graduate nurses to fill existing staffing vacancies. When hiring grad
manager realizes that they will probably not be considered “competent” until they complete which task
a. They graduate and pass NCLEX.
b. They have worked 2 to 3 years.
c. Their last year of nursing school.
d. They are actually hired.
ANS: B
Benner’s model identifies five levels of proficiency: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient,
nurse progresses from novice to advanced beginner during nursing school and attains the competent lev
years of work experience after graduation. To obtain the RN credential, a person must graduate from a
and pass a state licensing examination called the National Council Licensure Examination for Register
usually taken soon after completion of an approved nursing program.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.7 TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
6. The prospective student is considering options for beginning a career in nursing. Which degree would
desire to conduct research at the university level?
a. Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)
b. Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)
d. Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing (PhD)
ANS: D
Doctoral nursing education can result in a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree. This degree prepares nu
research, teaching, and administration that are essential to advancing nursing as a profession. Associate
programs usually are conducted in a community college setting. The nursing curriculum focuses on adu
maternal/child health; pediatrics; and psychiatric/mental health nursing. ADN RNs may return to schoo
or higher in an RN-to-BSN or RN-to-MSN program. Bachelor’s degree programs include community h
courses beyond those provided in an associate degree program. A newer practice-focused doctoral deg
practice (DNP), which concentrates on the clinical aspects of nursing. DNP specialties include the four
NP, CNS, CNM, and CRNA.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.9 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
7. During a staff meeting, the nurse manager announces that the hospital will be seeking Magnet status. T
for this award, the nurse manager will contact which organization?
a. American Nurses Association (ANA)
b. American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC)
c. National League for Nursing (NLN)
d. Joint Commission
ANS: B
The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) awards Magnet Recognition to hospitals that have
innovation in nursing. The ANA is a professional organization that provides standards of nursing pract
Nursing (NLN) outlines and updates competencies for practical, associate, baccalaureate, and graduate
The Joint Commission is the accrediting organization for health care facilities in the United States.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
8. The nurse is caring for a patient who refuses two units of packed red blood cells. When the nurse notifi
of the patient’s decision, the nurse is acting in which role?
a. Manager
b. Change agent
