Test Bank for Development Throughout the Lifespan 7th Edition By Berk
CHAPTER 15
PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Yolanda is 48. She probably .
A) feels physically stronger and more robust than she felt in early adulthood
B) has not begun to experience life-threatening health episodes—in herself, her partner, or her friends
C) has experienced a shift in subjective time orientation from “time since birth” to “time left to live”
D) has revised her physical self-image, emphasizing hoped-for gains rather than feared declines
Answer: C
Page Ref: 508
Skill Level: Understand
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
2. Saul, age 62, has an eye condition. Its name literally means “old eyes.” Saul has .
A) glaucoma
B) presbycusis
C) macular degeneration
D) presbyopia
Answer: D
Page Ref: 508
Skill Level: Apply
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Difficult
3. The ability to see in dim light .
A) does not decline during middle adulthood
B) declines at twice the rate of daylight vision
C) declines at half the rate of daylight vision
D) improves slightly during middle adulthood
Answer: B
Page Ref: 508
Skill Level: Remember
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
1
,Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
4. Glaucoma .
A) literally means “old eyes”
B) involves changes in the vitreous of the eye
C) typically progresses without noticeable symptoms
D) is caused by neural changes in the visual system
Answer: C
Page Ref: 509
Skill Level: Understand
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
5. By midlife, .
A) half the rods in the retina are lost
B) the cones in the retina double in size
C) the blood supply to the retina increases
D) the retina becomes thicker and more sensitive
Answer: A
Page Ref: 509
Skill Level: Remember
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
6. Although some hearing conditions run in families, Dawn, age 61, is experiencing an age-related hearing
condition. Dawn has .
A) presbyopia
B) presbycusis
C) tinnitus
D) sensorineural hearing loss
Answer: B
Page Ref: 509
Skill Level: Apply
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Difficult
7. Which statement is true about age-related hearing loss?
A) African tribal peoples display little age-related hearing loss.
2
,Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
B) Women’s hearing declines earlier and more rapidly than men’s.
C) The first sign of hearing loss is a sharp loss at low frequencies.
D) Few middle-aged adults with hearing difficulties benefit from hearing aids.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 509
Skill Level: Understand
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
8. The consists of connective tissue that gives the skin elasticity.
A) epidermis
B) dermis
C) hypodermis
D) protodermis
Answer: B
Page Ref: 509
Skill Level: Remember
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. As we age, .
A) fibers in the dermis thicken
B) fat in the hypodermis increases
C) the epidermis becomes more firmly attached to the dermis
D) cells in both the epidermis and dermis decline in water content
Answer: D
Page Ref: 509
Skill Level: Remember
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
10. Which sign of aging of the skin usually occurs first?
A) the appearance of “crow’s feet” around the eyes
B) the appearance of numerous “age spots”
C) development of lines on the forehead
D) an increase in visible blood vessels
3
, Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
Answer: C
Page Ref: 509–510
Skill Level: Remember
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
11. Women’s skin typically ages more quickly than men’s because .
A) women are less likely to protect their skin from sun exposure
B) the dermis of women is not as thick as that of men
C) women spend less time outdoors than men do
D) estrogen loss accelerates the thickening of the skin
Answer: B
Page Ref: 510
Skill Level: Understand
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
12. Lester is approaching age 50. He can anticipate an accumulation of fat in which areas of his body?
A) face and legs
B) lower abdomen and face
C) waist and upper arms
D) back and upper abdomen
Answer: D
Page Ref: 510
Skill Level: Apply
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Difficult
13. declines very gradually in the forties and fifties.
A) Muscle mass
B) Weight
C) Body fat
D) Abdominal fat
Answer: A
Page Ref: 510
Skill Level: Remember
4
CHAPTER 15
PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Yolanda is 48. She probably .
A) feels physically stronger and more robust than she felt in early adulthood
B) has not begun to experience life-threatening health episodes—in herself, her partner, or her friends
C) has experienced a shift in subjective time orientation from “time since birth” to “time left to live”
D) has revised her physical self-image, emphasizing hoped-for gains rather than feared declines
Answer: C
Page Ref: 508
Skill Level: Understand
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
2. Saul, age 62, has an eye condition. Its name literally means “old eyes.” Saul has .
A) glaucoma
B) presbycusis
C) macular degeneration
D) presbyopia
Answer: D
Page Ref: 508
Skill Level: Apply
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Difficult
3. The ability to see in dim light .
A) does not decline during middle adulthood
B) declines at twice the rate of daylight vision
C) declines at half the rate of daylight vision
D) improves slightly during middle adulthood
Answer: B
Page Ref: 508
Skill Level: Remember
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
1
,Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
4. Glaucoma .
A) literally means “old eyes”
B) involves changes in the vitreous of the eye
C) typically progresses without noticeable symptoms
D) is caused by neural changes in the visual system
Answer: C
Page Ref: 509
Skill Level: Understand
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
5. By midlife, .
A) half the rods in the retina are lost
B) the cones in the retina double in size
C) the blood supply to the retina increases
D) the retina becomes thicker and more sensitive
Answer: A
Page Ref: 509
Skill Level: Remember
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
6. Although some hearing conditions run in families, Dawn, age 61, is experiencing an age-related hearing
condition. Dawn has .
A) presbyopia
B) presbycusis
C) tinnitus
D) sensorineural hearing loss
Answer: B
Page Ref: 509
Skill Level: Apply
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Difficult
7. Which statement is true about age-related hearing loss?
A) African tribal peoples display little age-related hearing loss.
2
,Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
B) Women’s hearing declines earlier and more rapidly than men’s.
C) The first sign of hearing loss is a sharp loss at low frequencies.
D) Few middle-aged adults with hearing difficulties benefit from hearing aids.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 509
Skill Level: Understand
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
8. The consists of connective tissue that gives the skin elasticity.
A) epidermis
B) dermis
C) hypodermis
D) protodermis
Answer: B
Page Ref: 509
Skill Level: Remember
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. As we age, .
A) fibers in the dermis thicken
B) fat in the hypodermis increases
C) the epidermis becomes more firmly attached to the dermis
D) cells in both the epidermis and dermis decline in water content
Answer: D
Page Ref: 509
Skill Level: Remember
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
10. Which sign of aging of the skin usually occurs first?
A) the appearance of “crow’s feet” around the eyes
B) the appearance of numerous “age spots”
C) development of lines on the forehead
D) an increase in visible blood vessels
3
, Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
Answer: C
Page Ref: 509–510
Skill Level: Remember
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
11. Women’s skin typically ages more quickly than men’s because .
A) women are less likely to protect their skin from sun exposure
B) the dermis of women is not as thick as that of men
C) women spend less time outdoors than men do
D) estrogen loss accelerates the thickening of the skin
Answer: B
Page Ref: 510
Skill Level: Understand
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Moderate
12. Lester is approaching age 50. He can anticipate an accumulation of fat in which areas of his body?
A) face and legs
B) lower abdomen and face
C) waist and upper arms
D) back and upper abdomen
Answer: D
Page Ref: 510
Skill Level: Apply
Objective: 15.1 Describe the physical changes of middle adulthood, paying special attention to vision,
hearing, the skin, muscle–fat makeup, and the skeleton.
Topic: Physical Changes
Difficulty Level: Difficult
13. declines very gradually in the forties and fifties.
A) Muscle mass
B) Weight
C) Body fat
D) Abdominal fat
Answer: A
Page Ref: 510
Skill Level: Remember
4
