Chapter 15: Blood Vessels
Test Bank—Nursing
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The structure that carries oxygenated blood to the body from the left ventricle is the:
a. aorta.
b. pulmonary artery.
c. pulmonary vein.
d. superior vena cava.
ANS: A
The aorta carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body. The pulmonary artery
carries deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs. The pulmonary vein
carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart. The superior vena cava
carries blood from the upper body to the right atrium.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: p. 332
OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
2. Induration, edema and hyperpigmentation are common associated findings with which of the
following?
a. Peripheral arterial disease
b. Venous ulcer
c. Arterial embolic disease
d. Venous thrombus
ANS: B
A venous ulcer also results from chronic venous insufficiency and demonstrates induration
edema and hyperpigmentation. Peripheral arterial edema results in ischemia, in which the foot
or leg is painful and cold; nonulceration is common as the muscles atrophy. Arterial embolic
disease includes occlusion of the small arteries, resulting in blue toe syndrome and splinter
hemorrhages in the nail bed. A venous thrombus presents with minimal ankle edema, low-
grade fever, tachycardia, and possibly a positive Homan sign.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 349
OBJ: Nursing process—diagnosis MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
3. In which location would carotid bruits be heard best?
a. Posterior cervical triangle
b. Anterior margin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
c. Over the aortic valve
d. At the angle of the mandible
ANS: B
Carotid artery bruits are best heard at the anterior margin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: p. 342
OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
4. The characteristics of arterial pulses are directly affected by all the following except:
, a. the volume of blood ejected.
b. peripheral arterial resistance.
c. venous valvular competence.
d. blood viscosity.
ANS: C
Arterial pulses are not affected by venous valvular competence. Venous valvular competence
contributes to the venous blood flow back to the heart.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: p. 336
OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
5. The most prominent component of the jugular venous pulse is the:
a. a wave.
b. c wave.
c. v wave.
d. x slope.
ANS: A
The a wave is the first and most prominent component of the jugular venous pulse. The a
wave represents a brief backflow of blood into the vena cava during right atrial contraction.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: p. 336
OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
6. In newborn infants, closure of the ductus arteriosus usually occurs:
a. 12 to 14 hours after birth.
b. after 7 days of life.
c. between the second and third months.
d. during the toddler period.
ANS: A
The ductus arteriosus usually closes within the first 12 to 14 hours of life.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: p. 337
OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
7. Mrs. Carrol is a 33-year-old patient who is pregnant and presents for a routine checkup. On
examination, you note that her blood pressure has decreased. Blood pressure normally
decreases during which period?
a. First trimester of pregnancy
b. Second trimester of pregnancy
c. Third trimester of pregnancy
d. Labor and delivery
ANS: B
Blood pressure reaches its lowest during the second trimester. During the third trimester,
hypotension usually occurs when the patient is lying in the supine position.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 337
OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
Test Bank—Nursing
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The structure that carries oxygenated blood to the body from the left ventricle is the:
a. aorta.
b. pulmonary artery.
c. pulmonary vein.
d. superior vena cava.
ANS: A
The aorta carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body. The pulmonary artery
carries deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs. The pulmonary vein
carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart. The superior vena cava
carries blood from the upper body to the right atrium.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: p. 332
OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
2. Induration, edema and hyperpigmentation are common associated findings with which of the
following?
a. Peripheral arterial disease
b. Venous ulcer
c. Arterial embolic disease
d. Venous thrombus
ANS: B
A venous ulcer also results from chronic venous insufficiency and demonstrates induration
edema and hyperpigmentation. Peripheral arterial edema results in ischemia, in which the foot
or leg is painful and cold; nonulceration is common as the muscles atrophy. Arterial embolic
disease includes occlusion of the small arteries, resulting in blue toe syndrome and splinter
hemorrhages in the nail bed. A venous thrombus presents with minimal ankle edema, low-
grade fever, tachycardia, and possibly a positive Homan sign.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 349
OBJ: Nursing process—diagnosis MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
3. In which location would carotid bruits be heard best?
a. Posterior cervical triangle
b. Anterior margin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
c. Over the aortic valve
d. At the angle of the mandible
ANS: B
Carotid artery bruits are best heard at the anterior margin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: p. 342
OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
4. The characteristics of arterial pulses are directly affected by all the following except:
, a. the volume of blood ejected.
b. peripheral arterial resistance.
c. venous valvular competence.
d. blood viscosity.
ANS: C
Arterial pulses are not affected by venous valvular competence. Venous valvular competence
contributes to the venous blood flow back to the heart.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: p. 336
OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
5. The most prominent component of the jugular venous pulse is the:
a. a wave.
b. c wave.
c. v wave.
d. x slope.
ANS: A
The a wave is the first and most prominent component of the jugular venous pulse. The a
wave represents a brief backflow of blood into the vena cava during right atrial contraction.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: p. 336
OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
6. In newborn infants, closure of the ductus arteriosus usually occurs:
a. 12 to 14 hours after birth.
b. after 7 days of life.
c. between the second and third months.
d. during the toddler period.
ANS: A
The ductus arteriosus usually closes within the first 12 to 14 hours of life.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: p. 337
OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
7. Mrs. Carrol is a 33-year-old patient who is pregnant and presents for a routine checkup. On
examination, you note that her blood pressure has decreased. Blood pressure normally
decreases during which period?
a. First trimester of pregnancy
b. Second trimester of pregnancy
c. Third trimester of pregnancy
d. Labor and delivery
ANS: B
Blood pressure reaches its lowest during the second trimester. During the third trimester,
hypotension usually occurs when the patient is lying in the supine position.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 337
OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
