Exam (elaborations) NURSING 2139 (NURSING2139) NURSING 2139 - Unit 2 Test Review. LATEST UPDATE 2022.

Unit 2

 Health wellness and illness-the overall wellness of a group of people
 Disease Prevention, protection of the patient , promotion of a healthy lifestyle
 Health promotion is revolves around wholeness, wellness, and well being
 Nurses serve in a wide variety of organizatons and committes of programs that can improve
health
 Info dissemination-billboards and brochures
 Health risk approaisal computer based
 Lifestyle and behavior change participation
 Environmental and control programs
 Health Promotion – Role of the Nurse :
 • Promotion revolves around wholeness, wellness and well being
 • Nurses serve in a wide variety of organizations and committees
 variety of programs can promote health:
 a) info dissemination- billboards and brochures
 b) health risk appraisal-computer based
 c) lifestyle and behavior change-participation involved
 d) environmental and control programs-
 Immunity
 • Original meaning:
 • “exemption from taxes”
 • Other extended meaning:
 • “ diplomatic immunity”
 • In the context of Immunology:
 • collective mechanisms against diseases
 • Immune System • system of many biological structures and processes that protects against
disease. • Functions of Immune System • Defend the host against pathogens and toxins, a task
which is essential to any organism
 • Active Immunity
 - Naturally-Acquired Active Immunity
 - contract diseases and produce
 memory cells
 - Artificially-Acquired Active Immunity
 - receive a vaccination and produce
 memory cells
 • Passive Immunity
 - Naturally-Acquired Passive Immunity
 - receive maternal antibodies through
 placenta or breast milk
 - Artificially-Acquired Passive Immunity
 - receive antiserum with antibodies
 from another host

,
 Vaccination • A process of induction of immunity to a pathogen by deliberate injection of a
weaken, modified or related form of the pathogen which is no longer pathogenic. • Vaccination
protects us from infection by inducing the adaptive immune response, but bypassing the need
for a primary infection • The more similar a vaccine is to the disease-causing form of the
organism, the better the immune response to the vaccine.
 Questions:
 How many vaccines protect us from infections? 17 vaccinations protect us
 What may actually occur in our immune system following a vaccination? Inflammatory
response-anaphylaxis-mild signs or symptoms of the disease being vaxxed against-
 What are the 2 major aims of active immunization? Prevent infection-reduce infection-
Promote health-prevent illness-
 What is herd immunity?-the more folks are immunized the less likely the immunosuppressed
will get the diseases being immunized against
 What are the types of vaccine? Live and attenuated **look this up**
 What type of vaccines must replicate to be effective?
 What are the advantages/disadvantages of live attenuated vaccines?
 What are examples of live attenuated for viruses?
 What happens if you vaxx 85 percent of the population from MMR-youd wipe out the disease
from the population
 Severe reactions are possible with vaccines-when there is a contraindication to a vaccine—
gelatin in the vax is what kids are allergic to
 When is a vaccine dangerous to a client—immunosuppressed or pregnant
 Preggers get tdapp at 27 weeks
 Common cold with slight fever is not a contraindication to the vaccine
 If immunocompromised-doing immune modulator—this is a contraindication done-they need
a TB test done prior to doing the modulator
 Varicella, MMR, tdap are live vaccines*****
 • Mortality and morbidity • VPD-vaccine preventable diseases • Cost-effective • Public Heath
Goals

,  Go into clinic-need MMR and Varicella-clinic doesn’t have varicella-got the MMR-still needs
the varicella—going next week when I get paid-cannot get it bc you have to wait 28 days
between live vaccinations, but you can get both of them together
 Two live vaccines have to either be gotten at the same days or 28 days apart
 ****GO LOOK AT THE CDC WEBSITE TO GET THIS INFORMATION****
 Clinical Findings HPI PMH Complete Physical CBC, CRP, ESR, PCR Serology • Titer tests confirm
whether or not an individual has received specific immunizations and vaccinations against
certain diseases, or, in some cases, has previously contracted these illnesses and no longer has
an active infection. • https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/chpt22-lab-support.html
 ***KNOW YOU CAN USE TITER OR SERUM TO KNOW WHETHER OR NOT THE PATIENT IS
IMMUNE***
 GET THE VARICELLA SHINGLES VACCINE AT 50 years old
 DTaP and Tdap vaccines help protect your child from tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis
(whooping cough).
 Meningococcal disease can spread from person to person. The bacteria that cause this
infection can spread when people have close or lengthy contact with someone’s saliva, like
through kissing or coughing, especially if they are living in the same place.
 Vaccination Management/Goals • Awareness • Strategies • Access • HER**CHART IN THE
APPROPRIATE PLACE • Recommendations—know when the mom needs to come get
immunizations • Missed Opportunities—follow up if any vaccines are missed—low grade fever
and snotty nose from a cold are sstill going to vaxxed
 • Nurses - along with the American Nurses Association [ANA] - do much more than treat ill
clients. • We promote public health and well being. Immunizations, for both nurses and the
public, play a large role in preventing the spread of infectious diseases such as seasonal
influenza. • Do your part in keeping your self, your clients and your community safe by keeping
upto-date with immunizations.
 Immunization… Power to Protect Immunizations are among the most successful and cost-
effective preventive health care interventions. Current immunization schedules recommend that
children and adolescents should be immunized to protect against 16 diseases. Annual
immunization against influenza also is recommended.

*VACCINES ARE THE MOST COST EFFECTIVE WAY TO PREVENT ILLNESSES**

,  DO NOT GIVE IF GELATIN ALLERGY VACCINES
 OBSERVE FOR 90 MINS IF THEY HAVE AN EGG ALLERGY
 Medical waiver can still attend school, but that’s the only way they can
not get vaccinations


 INFLAMMATIONS AND INFLAMMATORY DISORDER
  Inflammation
  An immunologic defense against tissue injury, infection, or allergy
  Function---- Defend the body from harmful agents
 Remove dead/dying tissue and Renew/repair tissue: Healing






 Ineffective Inflammatory Response  Local tissue damage  Development of chronic
inflammation  Systemic pathology