Portage Learning BIOD 171 Module 2
EXAM MODULE 2
1. True or False: As movement requires energy, metabolism can be
defined as a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in only
motile organisms in order to maintain life.
False. Metabolism occurs in all living organisms, not just those that move.
2. True or False: Enzymes slow down chemical reactions to conserve
energy.
False. Enzyme catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions.
3. What is a cofactor? And give a general example.
A cofactor is a small chemical component that assists an enzyme during the
catalysis reactions. A cofactor is usually metal ions.
4. Define anabolism.
Anabolism is the process of building up or biosynthesis of macromolecules
from small molecular units into much larger complexes.
5. In order to convert proteins into amino acids which metabolic process
would be active?
Catabolism would be active as proteins are made up of amino acids.
Therefore the process described (proteins into amino acids) is the
breakdown, or catabolism of protein.
6. Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ATP and ADP
ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate while ADP can accept
energy in the form of a phosphate group. Thus, ATP can be reduced (ATP
→ADP + Pi) while ADP can be built into ATP (ADP + Pi →ATP).
7. An organism that derives its energy (generates ATP) from photons of
light is called a ?
, Phototrophic microorganism.
8. An organism that derives its energy by removing electrons from
elemental sulfur would be classified as a ?
Lithotroph
9. A reactive intermediate would be present in which phosphorylation
process?
A. Photophosphorylation
B. Substrate-level phosphorylation
C. Oxidative phosphorylation
B. The chemical compound losing the phosphate group is referred to as
the phosphorylated reactive intermediate.
10. The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through
what 3 distinct transitions?
The breakdown of glucose goes through (1) Glycolysis then (2)
Fermentation or Respiration and finally through (3) the electron transport
chain (ETC).
11. What is the most energetic transition in the catabolism of
glucose?
The electron transport chain yields 34 ATP while both glycolysis and
fermentation (or respiration) each yield only 2 ATP.
12. Identify the reactants of the following chemical equation:
Glucose + 2NAD+ → 2 NADH + 2 Pyruvate + 2 ATP
The reactants are to the left of the arrow: Glucose and 2NAD+
13. The presence of what molecule ‘signals’ to the cell that glycolysis
is about to start?
Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P)
EXAM MODULE 2
1. True or False: As movement requires energy, metabolism can be
defined as a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in only
motile organisms in order to maintain life.
False. Metabolism occurs in all living organisms, not just those that move.
2. True or False: Enzymes slow down chemical reactions to conserve
energy.
False. Enzyme catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions.
3. What is a cofactor? And give a general example.
A cofactor is a small chemical component that assists an enzyme during the
catalysis reactions. A cofactor is usually metal ions.
4. Define anabolism.
Anabolism is the process of building up or biosynthesis of macromolecules
from small molecular units into much larger complexes.
5. In order to convert proteins into amino acids which metabolic process
would be active?
Catabolism would be active as proteins are made up of amino acids.
Therefore the process described (proteins into amino acids) is the
breakdown, or catabolism of protein.
6. Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ATP and ADP
ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate while ADP can accept
energy in the form of a phosphate group. Thus, ATP can be reduced (ATP
→ADP + Pi) while ADP can be built into ATP (ADP + Pi →ATP).
7. An organism that derives its energy (generates ATP) from photons of
light is called a ?
, Phototrophic microorganism.
8. An organism that derives its energy by removing electrons from
elemental sulfur would be classified as a ?
Lithotroph
9. A reactive intermediate would be present in which phosphorylation
process?
A. Photophosphorylation
B. Substrate-level phosphorylation
C. Oxidative phosphorylation
B. The chemical compound losing the phosphate group is referred to as
the phosphorylated reactive intermediate.
10. The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through
what 3 distinct transitions?
The breakdown of glucose goes through (1) Glycolysis then (2)
Fermentation or Respiration and finally through (3) the electron transport
chain (ETC).
11. What is the most energetic transition in the catabolism of
glucose?
The electron transport chain yields 34 ATP while both glycolysis and
fermentation (or respiration) each yield only 2 ATP.
12. Identify the reactants of the following chemical equation:
Glucose + 2NAD+ → 2 NADH + 2 Pyruvate + 2 ATP
The reactants are to the left of the arrow: Glucose and 2NAD+
13. The presence of what molecule ‘signals’ to the cell that glycolysis
is about to start?
Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P)
