Chapter 6: Epigenetics and Disease
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What genetic process is likely responsible for the occurrence of asthma in only one of a
pair of identical twins?
a.
Epigenetic modifications c. Transgenerational inheritance
b.
Genomic imprinting d. Methylation
ANS: A
Epigenetic modifications can cause individuals with the same deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
sequences (such as identical twins) to have different disease profiles. The correct option is the
only one that accurately identifies the genetic process likely responsible for the occurrence of
asthma in only one of a pair of twins.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 183 | Page 185
2. Prader-Willi syndrome causes a chromosomal defect that is:
a.
Initiated by postnatal exposure to a virus
b.
Inherited from the father
c.
Related to maternal alcohol abuse
d.
Transferred from mother to child
ANS: B
Prader-Willi syndrome can be caused by a 4 Mb deletion of chromosome 15q when inherited
from the father. The other options do not accurately identify the reason for the chromosomal
damage that causes Prader-Willi syndrome.
PTS: 1 REF: Pages 187-188
3. A malfunction in DNA methylation can lead to:
a.
Hypothyroidism c. Cancer
b.
Blindness d. Diabetes mellitus
ANS: C
Aberrant methylation can lead to silencing of tumor-suppressor genes in the development of
cancer. No research supports a connection between hypothyroidism, blindness, or diabetes
mellitus to a malfunctioning of DNA methylation.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 183 | Page 186
4. Which statement is true regarding the embryonic development of stem cells?
a.
They are already differentiated.
b.
They are referred to as housekeeping genes.
c.
They already demonstrate DNA sequencing.
d.
They are said to be pluripotent.
ANS: D
Early in embryonic development, all cells of the embryo have the potential to become any
type of cell in the fetus or adult. These embryonic stem cells are said to be pluripotent. The
re- maining options are not true statements regarding embryonic stem cell development.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What genetic process is likely responsible for the occurrence of asthma in only one of a
pair of identical twins?
a.
Epigenetic modifications c. Transgenerational inheritance
b.
Genomic imprinting d. Methylation
ANS: A
Epigenetic modifications can cause individuals with the same deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
sequences (such as identical twins) to have different disease profiles. The correct option is the
only one that accurately identifies the genetic process likely responsible for the occurrence of
asthma in only one of a pair of twins.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 183 | Page 185
2. Prader-Willi syndrome causes a chromosomal defect that is:
a.
Initiated by postnatal exposure to a virus
b.
Inherited from the father
c.
Related to maternal alcohol abuse
d.
Transferred from mother to child
ANS: B
Prader-Willi syndrome can be caused by a 4 Mb deletion of chromosome 15q when inherited
from the father. The other options do not accurately identify the reason for the chromosomal
damage that causes Prader-Willi syndrome.
PTS: 1 REF: Pages 187-188
3. A malfunction in DNA methylation can lead to:
a.
Hypothyroidism c. Cancer
b.
Blindness d. Diabetes mellitus
ANS: C
Aberrant methylation can lead to silencing of tumor-suppressor genes in the development of
cancer. No research supports a connection between hypothyroidism, blindness, or diabetes
mellitus to a malfunctioning of DNA methylation.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 183 | Page 186
4. Which statement is true regarding the embryonic development of stem cells?
a.
They are already differentiated.
b.
They are referred to as housekeeping genes.
c.
They already demonstrate DNA sequencing.
d.
They are said to be pluripotent.
ANS: D
Early in embryonic development, all cells of the embryo have the potential to become any
type of cell in the fetus or adult. These embryonic stem cells are said to be pluripotent. The
re- maining options are not true statements regarding embryonic stem cell development.
