Chapter 9: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(an):
a. Disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens
b. Immunologic reaction of one person to the tissue of another person
c. Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease
d. Undetectable immune response in the presence of antigens
ANS: C
Hypersensitivity is an altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or
damage to the host. The other options are not accurate definitions of hypersensitivity.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 262
2. A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called:
a. Hemolytic shock c. Necrotizing vasculitis
b. Anaphylaxis d. Systemic erythematosus
ANS: B
Examples of systemic anaphylaxis are allergic reactions to beestings, peanuts, and fish. The
other options are not accurate examples of hypersensitivity.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 263
3. The common hay fever allergy is expressed through a reaction that is mediated by which class
of immunoglobulins?
a. IgE c. IgM
b. IgG d. T cells
ANS: A
Type I reactions are mediated by antigen-specific IgE and the products of tissue mast cells
(see Figure 9-1). The most common allergies (e.g., pollen allergies) are type I reactions. In ad-
dition, most type I reactions occur against environmental antigens and are therefore allergic.
The other options do not accurately identify the mediation factor related to hay fever.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 263 | Table 9-1
4. Which type of antibody is involved in type I hypersensitivity reaction?
a. IgA c. IgG
b. IgE d. IgM
ANS: B
Type I reactions are only mediated by antigen-specific IgE and the products of tissue mast
cells (see Figure 9-1).
PTS: 1 REF: Page 263
5. Blood transfusion reactions are an example of:
a. Autoimmunity c. Homoimmunity
, b. Alloimmunity d. Hypersensitivity
ANS: B
Only alloimmunity (also termed isoimmunity) occurs when the immune system of one individ-
ual produces an immunologic reaction against tissues of another individual.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 262
6. During an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, which leukocyte is activated?
a. Neutrophils c. Eosinophils
b. Monocytes d. T lymphocytes
ANS: C
Of the options provided, only eosinophils are activated during IgE-mediated hypersensitivity
reactions.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 263 | Page 265
7. During an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, what causes bronchospasm?
a. Bronchial edema caused by the chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis
b. Bronchial edema caused by binding of the cytotropic antibody
c. Smooth muscle contraction caused by histamine bound to H1 receptors
d. Smooth muscle contraction caused by histamine bound to H2 receptors
ANS: C
During an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, only smooth muscle contraction caused by
histamine bound to H1 receptors results in bronchospasms.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 263 | Page 265
8. During an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, the degranulation of mast cells is a result of
which receptor action?
a. Histamine bound to H2
b. Chemotactic factor binding to the receptor
c. Epinephrine bound to mast cells
d. Acetylcholine bound to mast cells
ANS: A
Histamine bound to H2 results in the degranulation of mast cells during an IgE-medicated hy-
persensitivity reaction. The other options do not cause this reaction.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 265
9. What characteristic do atopic individuals have that make them genetically predisposed to de-
velop allergies?
a. Greater quantities of histamine c. Greater quantities of IgE
b. More histamine receptors d. A deficiency in epinephrine
ANS: C
Atopic individuals tend to produce higher quantities of IgE and to have more crystalline frag-
ment (Fc) receptors for IgE on their mast cells. The other options do not cause this reaction.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(an):
a. Disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens
b. Immunologic reaction of one person to the tissue of another person
c. Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease
d. Undetectable immune response in the presence of antigens
ANS: C
Hypersensitivity is an altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or
damage to the host. The other options are not accurate definitions of hypersensitivity.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 262
2. A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called:
a. Hemolytic shock c. Necrotizing vasculitis
b. Anaphylaxis d. Systemic erythematosus
ANS: B
Examples of systemic anaphylaxis are allergic reactions to beestings, peanuts, and fish. The
other options are not accurate examples of hypersensitivity.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 263
3. The common hay fever allergy is expressed through a reaction that is mediated by which class
of immunoglobulins?
a. IgE c. IgM
b. IgG d. T cells
ANS: A
Type I reactions are mediated by antigen-specific IgE and the products of tissue mast cells
(see Figure 9-1). The most common allergies (e.g., pollen allergies) are type I reactions. In ad-
dition, most type I reactions occur against environmental antigens and are therefore allergic.
The other options do not accurately identify the mediation factor related to hay fever.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 263 | Table 9-1
4. Which type of antibody is involved in type I hypersensitivity reaction?
a. IgA c. IgG
b. IgE d. IgM
ANS: B
Type I reactions are only mediated by antigen-specific IgE and the products of tissue mast
cells (see Figure 9-1).
PTS: 1 REF: Page 263
5. Blood transfusion reactions are an example of:
a. Autoimmunity c. Homoimmunity
, b. Alloimmunity d. Hypersensitivity
ANS: B
Only alloimmunity (also termed isoimmunity) occurs when the immune system of one individ-
ual produces an immunologic reaction against tissues of another individual.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 262
6. During an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, which leukocyte is activated?
a. Neutrophils c. Eosinophils
b. Monocytes d. T lymphocytes
ANS: C
Of the options provided, only eosinophils are activated during IgE-mediated hypersensitivity
reactions.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 263 | Page 265
7. During an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, what causes bronchospasm?
a. Bronchial edema caused by the chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis
b. Bronchial edema caused by binding of the cytotropic antibody
c. Smooth muscle contraction caused by histamine bound to H1 receptors
d. Smooth muscle contraction caused by histamine bound to H2 receptors
ANS: C
During an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, only smooth muscle contraction caused by
histamine bound to H1 receptors results in bronchospasms.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 263 | Page 265
8. During an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, the degranulation of mast cells is a result of
which receptor action?
a. Histamine bound to H2
b. Chemotactic factor binding to the receptor
c. Epinephrine bound to mast cells
d. Acetylcholine bound to mast cells
ANS: A
Histamine bound to H2 results in the degranulation of mast cells during an IgE-medicated hy-
persensitivity reaction. The other options do not cause this reaction.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 265
9. What characteristic do atopic individuals have that make them genetically predisposed to de-
velop allergies?
a. Greater quantities of histamine c. Greater quantities of IgE
b. More histamine receptors d. A deficiency in epinephrine
ANS: C
Atopic individuals tend to produce higher quantities of IgE and to have more crystalline frag-
ment (Fc) receptors for IgE on their mast cells. The other options do not cause this reaction.
