Chapter 44: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What type of fracture occurs at a site of a preexisting bone abnormality and is a result of a
force that would not normally cause a fracture?
a. Idiopathic c. Pathologic
b. Incomplete d. Greenstick
ANS: C
Only a pathologic fracture is a break at the site of a preexisting abnormality, usually by force
that would not fracture a normal bone.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1541
2. Which type of fracture usually occurs in an individual who engages in a new activity that is
strenuous and repetitive?
a. Stress c. Insufficiency
b. Greenstick d. Pathologic
ANS: A
Only a stress fracture occurs in normal or abnormal bone that is subjected to repeated stress,
such as repetitive and strenuous activities that occur during athletics.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1541
3. Which term is used to identify the temporary displacement of two bones causing the bone sur-
faces to partially lose contact?
a. Dislocation c. Malunion
b. Subluxation d. Nonunion
ANS: B
Dislocation is the temporary displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint. If the
contact between the two surfaces is only partially lost, then the injury is referred to as a sub-
luxation. This selection is the only option that identifies the temporary displacement of two
bones, causing the bone surfaces to partially lose contact.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1544
4. Improper reduction or immobilization of a fractured femur can result in which outcome after
cast removal?
a. The muscles around the fracture site are weak.
b. The fracture requires 6 to 8 weeks of physical therapy.
c. The skin under the cast is dry and flaky.
d. The bone is not straight.
ANS: D
Improper reduction or immobilization of a fractured bone may result in nonunion, delayed
union, or malunion. Malunion is the healing of a bone in a nonanatomic position that could re-
sult in the bone not being straight. The other options are not outcomes of improper reduction
or immobilization.
, PTS: 1 REF: Page 1543
5. Which structure attaches skeletal muscle to bone?
a. Tendon c. Bursa
b. Ligament d. Mesentery
ANS: A
A tendon is fibrous connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bone. None of the other
options are associated with this function.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1545
6. The tear in a ligament is referred to as a:
a. Fracture c. Disunion
b. Strain d. Sprain
ANS: D
Ligament tears are commonly known as sprains. None of the other options are associated with
this damage.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1545
7. Which medical diagnosis is characterized by tissue degeneration or irritation of the extensor
carpi radialis brevis tendon?
a. Lateral epicondylitis c. Bursitis
b. Medial tendinitis d. Lateral tendinitis
ANS: A
Only lateral epicondylopathy, commonly called tennis elbow, is the result of tissue degenera-
tion or irritation of the extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon at its origin.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1546
8. The pain resulting from tendon and ligament injuries is usually described as:
a. Dull and diffuse, persisting over the distribution of the tendon or ligament
b. Sharp and localized, persisting over the distribution of the tendon or ligament
c. Pins-and-needle sensations that occur distal to the injury with movement
d. Intermittent and aching, occurring over the distribution of the tendon or ligament
ANS: B
The pain resulting from tendon and ligament injuries is usually described as being sharp and
localized, persisting over the distribution of the tendon or ligament. This selection is the only
option that accurately describes this type of pain.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1545
9. How is rhabdomyolysis characterized?
a. Paralysis of skeletal muscles, resulting from an impaired nerve supply
b. Smooth muscle degeneration, resulting from ischemia
c. Lysis of skeletal muscle cells through the initiation of the complement cascade
d. Release of myoglobin from damaged striated muscle cells
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What type of fracture occurs at a site of a preexisting bone abnormality and is a result of a
force that would not normally cause a fracture?
a. Idiopathic c. Pathologic
b. Incomplete d. Greenstick
ANS: C
Only a pathologic fracture is a break at the site of a preexisting abnormality, usually by force
that would not fracture a normal bone.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1541
2. Which type of fracture usually occurs in an individual who engages in a new activity that is
strenuous and repetitive?
a. Stress c. Insufficiency
b. Greenstick d. Pathologic
ANS: A
Only a stress fracture occurs in normal or abnormal bone that is subjected to repeated stress,
such as repetitive and strenuous activities that occur during athletics.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1541
3. Which term is used to identify the temporary displacement of two bones causing the bone sur-
faces to partially lose contact?
a. Dislocation c. Malunion
b. Subluxation d. Nonunion
ANS: B
Dislocation is the temporary displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint. If the
contact between the two surfaces is only partially lost, then the injury is referred to as a sub-
luxation. This selection is the only option that identifies the temporary displacement of two
bones, causing the bone surfaces to partially lose contact.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1544
4. Improper reduction or immobilization of a fractured femur can result in which outcome after
cast removal?
a. The muscles around the fracture site are weak.
b. The fracture requires 6 to 8 weeks of physical therapy.
c. The skin under the cast is dry and flaky.
d. The bone is not straight.
ANS: D
Improper reduction or immobilization of a fractured bone may result in nonunion, delayed
union, or malunion. Malunion is the healing of a bone in a nonanatomic position that could re-
sult in the bone not being straight. The other options are not outcomes of improper reduction
or immobilization.
, PTS: 1 REF: Page 1543
5. Which structure attaches skeletal muscle to bone?
a. Tendon c. Bursa
b. Ligament d. Mesentery
ANS: A
A tendon is fibrous connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bone. None of the other
options are associated with this function.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1545
6. The tear in a ligament is referred to as a:
a. Fracture c. Disunion
b. Strain d. Sprain
ANS: D
Ligament tears are commonly known as sprains. None of the other options are associated with
this damage.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1545
7. Which medical diagnosis is characterized by tissue degeneration or irritation of the extensor
carpi radialis brevis tendon?
a. Lateral epicondylitis c. Bursitis
b. Medial tendinitis d. Lateral tendinitis
ANS: A
Only lateral epicondylopathy, commonly called tennis elbow, is the result of tissue degenera-
tion or irritation of the extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon at its origin.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1546
8. The pain resulting from tendon and ligament injuries is usually described as:
a. Dull and diffuse, persisting over the distribution of the tendon or ligament
b. Sharp and localized, persisting over the distribution of the tendon or ligament
c. Pins-and-needle sensations that occur distal to the injury with movement
d. Intermittent and aching, occurring over the distribution of the tendon or ligament
ANS: B
The pain resulting from tendon and ligament injuries is usually described as being sharp and
localized, persisting over the distribution of the tendon or ligament. This selection is the only
option that accurately describes this type of pain.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1545
9. How is rhabdomyolysis characterized?
a. Paralysis of skeletal muscles, resulting from an impaired nerve supply
b. Smooth muscle degeneration, resulting from ischemia
c. Lysis of skeletal muscle cells through the initiation of the complement cascade
d. Release of myoglobin from damaged striated muscle cells
