WHOQOL-BREF
INTRODUCTION, ADMINISTRATION, SCORING
AND GENERIC VERSION OF THE ASSESSMENT
Field Trial Version
December 1996
PROGRAMME ON MENTAL HEALTH
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
GENEVA
, This manual was drafted by Alison Harper on behalf of the WHOQOL group. The
WHOQOL group comprises a coordinating group, collaborating investigators in each of the field
centres and a panel of consultants. Dr J. Orley directs the project. He has been assisted in this
by Professor M. Power, Dr W. Kuyken, Professor N. Sartorius, Dr M. Bullinger and Dr A.
Harper. The field centres involved in initial piloting of the WHOQOL were: Professor H.
Herrman, Dr H. Schofield and Ms B. Murphy, University of Melbourne, Australia; Professor Z.
Metelko, Professor S. Szabo and Mrs M. Pibernik-Okanovic, Institute of Diabetes,
Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases and Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy,
University of Zagreb, Croatia; Dr N. Quemada and Dr A. Caria, INSERM, Paris, France; Dr S.
Rajkumar and Mrs Shuba Kumar, Madras Medical College, India; Dr S. Saxena and Dr K.
Chandiramani, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Dr M. Amir and Dr D.
Bar-On, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheeva, Israel; Dr Miyako Tazaki,
Department of Science, Science University of Tokyo, Japan and Dr Ariko Noji, Department of
Community Health Nursing, St Luke's College of Nursing, Japan; Dr G. van Heck and Mrs J. De
Vries, Tilburg University, The Netherlands; Professor J. Arroyo Sucre and Professor L. Picard-
Ami, University of Panama, Panama; Professor M. Kabanov, Dr A. Lomachenkov and Dr G.
Burkovsky, Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia; Dr R.
Lucas Carrasco, University of Barcelona, Spain; Dr Yooth Bodharamik and Mr Kitikorn
Meesapya, Institute of Mental Health, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr S. Skevington, University of Bath,
United Kingdom; Professor D. Patrick, Ms M. Martinand, Ms D. Wild, University of
Washington, Seattle, USA and; Professor W. Acuda and Dr J. Mutambirwa, University of
Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
New centres using the field version of the WHOQOL-100 are: Dr S. Bonicato,
FUNDONAR, Fundacion Oncologica Argentina, Argentina; Dr A.E. Molzahn, University of
Victoria, Canada; Dr G. Yongping, St Vincent s Hospital, Victoria, Australia; Dr G. Page,
University of Quebec at Rimouski, Canada; Professor J. Fang, Sun Yat-Sen University of
Medical Sciences, People s Republic of China; Dr M. Fleck, University of the State of Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil; Professor M.C. Angermeyer, Dr R. Kilian, Universitätsklinikum Klinik
und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Leipzig, Germany; Mr Kwok Fai Leung, Hospital Authority,
Hong Kong; Dr B.R. Hanestad, University of Bergen, Norway; Dr M.H. Mubbashar,
Rawalpindi General Hospital, Pakistan; Dr J. Harangozo, Semelweis University of Medicine,
Budapest & Dr L. Kullman, National Institute of Mental Rehabilitation, Budapest, Hungary;
Professor I. Wiklund, Health Economics & Quality of Life, Astra Hässle AB, Sweden; Dr C.
Fidaner, Dr Behçet Uz Paediatric Hospital, Balçova/Izmir, Turkey; Dr G. de Girolamo, Servizio
Salute Mentale USL 27, Italy; Professor P. Bech, Frederiksborg General Hospital, Denmark; Dr
R.S. Pippalla, Howard University, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Washington, DC, USA and Dr H. Che Ismail, School of Medical Sciences, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Further information can be obtained from:
Dr John Orley
Programme on Mental Health
World Health Organization
CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
, This document is not issued to the general public, and all rights are reserved by the World
Health Organization (WHO). This document may not be reviewed, abstracted, quoted,
reproduced, translated, referred to in bibliographical matter or cited, in part or in whole,
without the prior written permission of WHO. No part of this document may be stored in a
retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means - electronic, mechanical or other -
without the prior written permission of WHO. The WHOQOL Group, Programme on Mental
Health, WHO, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
INTRODUCTION, ADMINISTRATION, SCORING
AND GENERIC VERSION OF THE ASSESSMENT
Field Trial Version
December 1996
PROGRAMME ON MENTAL HEALTH
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
GENEVA
, This manual was drafted by Alison Harper on behalf of the WHOQOL group. The
WHOQOL group comprises a coordinating group, collaborating investigators in each of the field
centres and a panel of consultants. Dr J. Orley directs the project. He has been assisted in this
by Professor M. Power, Dr W. Kuyken, Professor N. Sartorius, Dr M. Bullinger and Dr A.
Harper. The field centres involved in initial piloting of the WHOQOL were: Professor H.
Herrman, Dr H. Schofield and Ms B. Murphy, University of Melbourne, Australia; Professor Z.
Metelko, Professor S. Szabo and Mrs M. Pibernik-Okanovic, Institute of Diabetes,
Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases and Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy,
University of Zagreb, Croatia; Dr N. Quemada and Dr A. Caria, INSERM, Paris, France; Dr S.
Rajkumar and Mrs Shuba Kumar, Madras Medical College, India; Dr S. Saxena and Dr K.
Chandiramani, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Dr M. Amir and Dr D.
Bar-On, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheeva, Israel; Dr Miyako Tazaki,
Department of Science, Science University of Tokyo, Japan and Dr Ariko Noji, Department of
Community Health Nursing, St Luke's College of Nursing, Japan; Dr G. van Heck and Mrs J. De
Vries, Tilburg University, The Netherlands; Professor J. Arroyo Sucre and Professor L. Picard-
Ami, University of Panama, Panama; Professor M. Kabanov, Dr A. Lomachenkov and Dr G.
Burkovsky, Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia; Dr R.
Lucas Carrasco, University of Barcelona, Spain; Dr Yooth Bodharamik and Mr Kitikorn
Meesapya, Institute of Mental Health, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr S. Skevington, University of Bath,
United Kingdom; Professor D. Patrick, Ms M. Martinand, Ms D. Wild, University of
Washington, Seattle, USA and; Professor W. Acuda and Dr J. Mutambirwa, University of
Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
New centres using the field version of the WHOQOL-100 are: Dr S. Bonicato,
FUNDONAR, Fundacion Oncologica Argentina, Argentina; Dr A.E. Molzahn, University of
Victoria, Canada; Dr G. Yongping, St Vincent s Hospital, Victoria, Australia; Dr G. Page,
University of Quebec at Rimouski, Canada; Professor J. Fang, Sun Yat-Sen University of
Medical Sciences, People s Republic of China; Dr M. Fleck, University of the State of Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil; Professor M.C. Angermeyer, Dr R. Kilian, Universitätsklinikum Klinik
und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Leipzig, Germany; Mr Kwok Fai Leung, Hospital Authority,
Hong Kong; Dr B.R. Hanestad, University of Bergen, Norway; Dr M.H. Mubbashar,
Rawalpindi General Hospital, Pakistan; Dr J. Harangozo, Semelweis University of Medicine,
Budapest & Dr L. Kullman, National Institute of Mental Rehabilitation, Budapest, Hungary;
Professor I. Wiklund, Health Economics & Quality of Life, Astra Hässle AB, Sweden; Dr C.
Fidaner, Dr Behçet Uz Paediatric Hospital, Balçova/Izmir, Turkey; Dr G. de Girolamo, Servizio
Salute Mentale USL 27, Italy; Professor P. Bech, Frederiksborg General Hospital, Denmark; Dr
R.S. Pippalla, Howard University, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Washington, DC, USA and Dr H. Che Ismail, School of Medical Sciences, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Further information can be obtained from:
Dr John Orley
Programme on Mental Health
World Health Organization
CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
, This document is not issued to the general public, and all rights are reserved by the World
Health Organization (WHO). This document may not be reviewed, abstracted, quoted,
reproduced, translated, referred to in bibliographical matter or cited, in part or in whole,
without the prior written permission of WHO. No part of this document may be stored in a
retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means - electronic, mechanical or other -
without the prior written permission of WHO. The WHOQOL Group, Programme on Mental
Health, WHO, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
