NR 508 Week 5 Quiz (Latest ) Rasmussen
Preferred oral agent for DM type 2 - metformin
Vitamin deficiency associated with metformin - B12
Adverse effect of oral diabetes meds - n/v/d, flatulence, myalgia, HA. Some
cause weight gain. Lactic acidosis (metformin)
Risk with SGLT2 inhibitors - amputations, acidosis, yeast/mycotic infections,
renal injury, hyperkalemia
Preferred antihypertensive for African American - CCB and ARB
Preferred antihypertensive with chronic kidney disease - ACE/ARB
Use and side effect of acetazolamide - Treatment of open angle glaucoma
and acute mountain sickness. Side effect - can cause metabolic acidosis.
use and side effect of eplerenone - Aldosterone agonist. For treatment of
moderate to severe HF with reduced EF. Can cause hyperkalemia. Monitor
renal function.
use and side effect of spironolactone - Add to ACE and loop in treatment of
severe CHF. Side effect - hypokalemia (dose dependent)
use and side effect of triamterene - Weak diuretic. Also interferes with
bicarbonate reabsorption and causes bicarb loss in urine. Used in treatment
of severe metabolic alkalosis. Excessive loss can cause metabolic acidosis.
,NR 508 Week 5 Quiz (Latest ) Rasmussen
Therapeutic use of mannitol - Osmotic diuretic. Reduce intracranial pressure
or intraocular pressure in glaucoma
therapeutic use of acetazolamide - treatment of open angle glaucoma and
acute mountain sickness
MOA of eplerenone - Competitively inhibit aldosterone receptor. Useful in tx
of cirrhosis, ascites and advance HF
Diuretic to use in chronic calcium stones - Thiazide
Most effective diuretic for HTN, CHF and renal failure - loop diuretics
Which diuretic is a mineralcorticoid agonist - spironolactone
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used to treat altitude sickness - acetazolamide
Fendoldopam MOA and use - Rapid acting arteriolar vasodilator. Dopamine 1
receptor agonist. Used for treatment of malignant hypertension.
Adverse effect of hydralazine - lupus like syndrome. Palps, n/v/d, HA,
constipation (common). Tachy, paresthesias, paralytic ileus, blood dyscrasia,
abn LFT, myalgia (serious).
BB with alpha blocking an non-selective BB action - labetolol and carvedilol
MOA of alpha methyldopa - stimulate central inhibitory alpha adrenergic
receptors. Inhibit sympathetic cardioaccelerator and vasoconstrictor
, NR 508 Week 5 Quiz (Latest ) Rasmussen
centers. Results in reduced sympathetic outflow from CNS causing
decreased peripheral resistance, renal vascular resistance HR and BP.
Vasodilating antihypertensive that promotes hair growth - monoxidil
Prazosin MOA, contraindications and adverse effect - 1st dose syncope and
hyoptension
MOA of esmolol (brevibloc) - Beta blocker. Indication: intraoperative
hypertension and arrhythmia.
Alternate med for ACEI cough - ARB
which CCB slows heart conduction - diltiazem and verapamil
MOA and indication for nifedipine - CCB. Block inward flow of calcium.
Decreased force of contraction (negative inotrope), decreased CO. Effect on
vascular smooth muscle > efect on cardiac conduction. Indication: HTN,
angina, raynauds. DO NOT use immediately after MI or in acute coronary
syndrome.
How to avoid nitrate tolerance if using NTG patch - remove patch in PM.
Scheduled off time
MOA of NTG - Relax smooth muscle by stimulation of intracellular cyclic
guanosine monophosphate production. Reduce myocardial O2 demand,
decrease preload, small decrease in afterload.
MOA of ezetimibe - Selective cholesterol absorption inhibitor. Act on brush
border of intestinal epithelial cells where it selectively inhibits absorption of
Preferred oral agent for DM type 2 - metformin
Vitamin deficiency associated with metformin - B12
Adverse effect of oral diabetes meds - n/v/d, flatulence, myalgia, HA. Some
cause weight gain. Lactic acidosis (metformin)
Risk with SGLT2 inhibitors - amputations, acidosis, yeast/mycotic infections,
renal injury, hyperkalemia
Preferred antihypertensive for African American - CCB and ARB
Preferred antihypertensive with chronic kidney disease - ACE/ARB
Use and side effect of acetazolamide - Treatment of open angle glaucoma
and acute mountain sickness. Side effect - can cause metabolic acidosis.
use and side effect of eplerenone - Aldosterone agonist. For treatment of
moderate to severe HF with reduced EF. Can cause hyperkalemia. Monitor
renal function.
use and side effect of spironolactone - Add to ACE and loop in treatment of
severe CHF. Side effect - hypokalemia (dose dependent)
use and side effect of triamterene - Weak diuretic. Also interferes with
bicarbonate reabsorption and causes bicarb loss in urine. Used in treatment
of severe metabolic alkalosis. Excessive loss can cause metabolic acidosis.
,NR 508 Week 5 Quiz (Latest ) Rasmussen
Therapeutic use of mannitol - Osmotic diuretic. Reduce intracranial pressure
or intraocular pressure in glaucoma
therapeutic use of acetazolamide - treatment of open angle glaucoma and
acute mountain sickness
MOA of eplerenone - Competitively inhibit aldosterone receptor. Useful in tx
of cirrhosis, ascites and advance HF
Diuretic to use in chronic calcium stones - Thiazide
Most effective diuretic for HTN, CHF and renal failure - loop diuretics
Which diuretic is a mineralcorticoid agonist - spironolactone
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used to treat altitude sickness - acetazolamide
Fendoldopam MOA and use - Rapid acting arteriolar vasodilator. Dopamine 1
receptor agonist. Used for treatment of malignant hypertension.
Adverse effect of hydralazine - lupus like syndrome. Palps, n/v/d, HA,
constipation (common). Tachy, paresthesias, paralytic ileus, blood dyscrasia,
abn LFT, myalgia (serious).
BB with alpha blocking an non-selective BB action - labetolol and carvedilol
MOA of alpha methyldopa - stimulate central inhibitory alpha adrenergic
receptors. Inhibit sympathetic cardioaccelerator and vasoconstrictor
, NR 508 Week 5 Quiz (Latest ) Rasmussen
centers. Results in reduced sympathetic outflow from CNS causing
decreased peripheral resistance, renal vascular resistance HR and BP.
Vasodilating antihypertensive that promotes hair growth - monoxidil
Prazosin MOA, contraindications and adverse effect - 1st dose syncope and
hyoptension
MOA of esmolol (brevibloc) - Beta blocker. Indication: intraoperative
hypertension and arrhythmia.
Alternate med for ACEI cough - ARB
which CCB slows heart conduction - diltiazem and verapamil
MOA and indication for nifedipine - CCB. Block inward flow of calcium.
Decreased force of contraction (negative inotrope), decreased CO. Effect on
vascular smooth muscle > efect on cardiac conduction. Indication: HTN,
angina, raynauds. DO NOT use immediately after MI or in acute coronary
syndrome.
How to avoid nitrate tolerance if using NTG patch - remove patch in PM.
Scheduled off time
MOA of NTG - Relax smooth muscle by stimulation of intracellular cyclic
guanosine monophosphate production. Reduce myocardial O2 demand,
decrease preload, small decrease in afterload.
MOA of ezetimibe - Selective cholesterol absorption inhibitor. Act on brush
border of intestinal epithelial cells where it selectively inhibits absorption of
