NU 272 EAQ Evolve Elsevier: Infection
(Custom Quiz) ANSWERED AND
EXPLANATION)
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA) in the urine. The health care provider orders an indwelling urinary
catheter to be inserted. Which safeguard would the nurse take during this procedure?
o Droplet precautions
o Reverse isolation
o Surgical asepsis
o Medical asepsis
Answer - o Surgical asepsis
· Catheter insertion requires the procedure to be performed under sterile technique.
Droplet precautions are used with certain respiratory illnesses. Reverse isolation is used
with clients who may be immunocompromised. Medical asepsis involves clean
technique/gloving.
A client with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infected wound is
scheduled for a computed tomography (CT) scan. To ensure client and visitor safety
during transport, the nurse would implement which precaution?
o No special precautions are required.
o Cover the infected site with a dressing.
o Drape the client with a covering labeled biohazardous.
o Place a surgical mask on the client.
Answer - o Cover the infected site with a dressing.
· Covering the infected site with a dressing will contain secretions and set up a barrier,
thus decreasing the risk for transmission to others. Contact precautions must be used
for clients with known or suspected infections transmitted by direct contact or contact
with items in the environment. Draping the client with a sheet marked biohazardous
does not protect the client's privacy. A wound infected with MRSA can be transmitted to
others via contact, not through the airborne route; thus a mask is unnecessary.
,The nurse is providing colostomy care to a client with methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Which personal protective equipment (PPE)
would the nurse use? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
o Gloves
o Gown
o Mask
o Goggles
o Shoe covers
o Hair bonnet
Answer - o Gloves
o Gown
o Goggles
· Standard PPE, which should be used for performing colostomy care in a client positive
for MRSA, includes gloves, gown, and goggles. A combination mask/eye shield may be
used when caring for this client; however, a mask is not necessary. A mask would be
necessary if the client had MRSA of the nares. Shoe covers and hair bonnet are not
required for this client care situation.
When admitting an older client, the stool specimen confirmed a diagnosis of a
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. The nurse inquires about
potentially assigning Room 2010, Bed B, the same isolation room as another client
(2010, Bed A) who has MRSA. Which response would the nurse receive?
o "The other client's infection is not contagious."
o "This is the usual practice when antibiotic therapy is started."
o "Placing clients with the same infection in 1 room is safe."
o "As soon as a private room becomes available, we will move the client."
Answer - o "Placing clients with the same infection in 1 room is safe."
· There is no need to separate 1 client with MRSA from another client with the same
infection. MRSA infections are highly contagious. MRSA infections are resistant to most
antibiotics, especially methicillin. Clients with the same infection can remain in the same
room; contact precautions are necessary to protect visitors and staff members.
Which category of isolation would the nurse implement for a client who is positive for
Clostridium difficile?
o Airborne precautions
o Droplet precautions
o Contact precautions
o Protective environment
Answer - o Contact precautions
, · Contact precautions should be used for direct client or environmental contact with
blood or body fluids from an infected client. This includes colonization of infection with
multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA), stool infected with Clostridium difficile, draining wounds where
secretions are not contained, or scabies. Airborne precautions are used for infected
droplets smaller than 5 mcg, such as measles, chickenpox (varicella), or pulmonary
tuberculosis (TB). Droplet precautions are used for droplets larger than 5 mcg and when
within 3 feet (0.9 m) of the client, such as streptococcal pharyngitis, mumps, and
influenza. Protective environment focuses on clients with a compromised immune
system to protect them from incoming pathogens.
The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a client who acquired a nosocomial
Clostridium difficile infection. Which would the nurse include in the instructions?
o Anticipate that nausea and vomiting will continue until the infection is no longer
present.
o The infection causes diarrhea accompanied by flatus and abdominal discomfort.
o Consume a diet that is high in fiber and low in fat.
o Other than routine hand washing, it is not necessary to perform special disinfection
procedures.
Answer - o The infection causes diarrhea accompanied by flatus and abdominal
discomfort.
· The main clinical manifestation of C. difficile is diarrhea accompanied by excessive
flatus and abdominal discomfort. Nausea and vomiting are not associated with this
infectious disease. Clients should follow a nutritionally balanced diet high in fiber and
low in fats with no specific restrictions. Cleaning and disinfection of items in the home is
key to preventing spread of the infection because the C. difficile spore is relatively
resistant.
Which should the nurse include when teaching a client with Clostridium difficile about
decreasing the risk of transmission to family members?
o Increase fluid intake
o A high-fiber diet
o Soap and water for hand washing
o Wash hands with an alcohol-based hand sanitizer
Answer - o Soap and water for hand washing
· Alcohol does not kill C. difficile spores. Use of soap and water is more efficacious than
alcohol-based hand rubs. Increased fluids and increased fiber do not decrease the risk
of transmission of C. difficile.
Which client is at an increased risk for hospital-acquired pneumonia? Select all that
apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
(Custom Quiz) ANSWERED AND
EXPLANATION)
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA) in the urine. The health care provider orders an indwelling urinary
catheter to be inserted. Which safeguard would the nurse take during this procedure?
o Droplet precautions
o Reverse isolation
o Surgical asepsis
o Medical asepsis
Answer - o Surgical asepsis
· Catheter insertion requires the procedure to be performed under sterile technique.
Droplet precautions are used with certain respiratory illnesses. Reverse isolation is used
with clients who may be immunocompromised. Medical asepsis involves clean
technique/gloving.
A client with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infected wound is
scheduled for a computed tomography (CT) scan. To ensure client and visitor safety
during transport, the nurse would implement which precaution?
o No special precautions are required.
o Cover the infected site with a dressing.
o Drape the client with a covering labeled biohazardous.
o Place a surgical mask on the client.
Answer - o Cover the infected site with a dressing.
· Covering the infected site with a dressing will contain secretions and set up a barrier,
thus decreasing the risk for transmission to others. Contact precautions must be used
for clients with known or suspected infections transmitted by direct contact or contact
with items in the environment. Draping the client with a sheet marked biohazardous
does not protect the client's privacy. A wound infected with MRSA can be transmitted to
others via contact, not through the airborne route; thus a mask is unnecessary.
,The nurse is providing colostomy care to a client with methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Which personal protective equipment (PPE)
would the nurse use? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
o Gloves
o Gown
o Mask
o Goggles
o Shoe covers
o Hair bonnet
Answer - o Gloves
o Gown
o Goggles
· Standard PPE, which should be used for performing colostomy care in a client positive
for MRSA, includes gloves, gown, and goggles. A combination mask/eye shield may be
used when caring for this client; however, a mask is not necessary. A mask would be
necessary if the client had MRSA of the nares. Shoe covers and hair bonnet are not
required for this client care situation.
When admitting an older client, the stool specimen confirmed a diagnosis of a
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. The nurse inquires about
potentially assigning Room 2010, Bed B, the same isolation room as another client
(2010, Bed A) who has MRSA. Which response would the nurse receive?
o "The other client's infection is not contagious."
o "This is the usual practice when antibiotic therapy is started."
o "Placing clients with the same infection in 1 room is safe."
o "As soon as a private room becomes available, we will move the client."
Answer - o "Placing clients with the same infection in 1 room is safe."
· There is no need to separate 1 client with MRSA from another client with the same
infection. MRSA infections are highly contagious. MRSA infections are resistant to most
antibiotics, especially methicillin. Clients with the same infection can remain in the same
room; contact precautions are necessary to protect visitors and staff members.
Which category of isolation would the nurse implement for a client who is positive for
Clostridium difficile?
o Airborne precautions
o Droplet precautions
o Contact precautions
o Protective environment
Answer - o Contact precautions
, · Contact precautions should be used for direct client or environmental contact with
blood or body fluids from an infected client. This includes colonization of infection with
multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA), stool infected with Clostridium difficile, draining wounds where
secretions are not contained, or scabies. Airborne precautions are used for infected
droplets smaller than 5 mcg, such as measles, chickenpox (varicella), or pulmonary
tuberculosis (TB). Droplet precautions are used for droplets larger than 5 mcg and when
within 3 feet (0.9 m) of the client, such as streptococcal pharyngitis, mumps, and
influenza. Protective environment focuses on clients with a compromised immune
system to protect them from incoming pathogens.
The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a client who acquired a nosocomial
Clostridium difficile infection. Which would the nurse include in the instructions?
o Anticipate that nausea and vomiting will continue until the infection is no longer
present.
o The infection causes diarrhea accompanied by flatus and abdominal discomfort.
o Consume a diet that is high in fiber and low in fat.
o Other than routine hand washing, it is not necessary to perform special disinfection
procedures.
Answer - o The infection causes diarrhea accompanied by flatus and abdominal
discomfort.
· The main clinical manifestation of C. difficile is diarrhea accompanied by excessive
flatus and abdominal discomfort. Nausea and vomiting are not associated with this
infectious disease. Clients should follow a nutritionally balanced diet high in fiber and
low in fats with no specific restrictions. Cleaning and disinfection of items in the home is
key to preventing spread of the infection because the C. difficile spore is relatively
resistant.
Which should the nurse include when teaching a client with Clostridium difficile about
decreasing the risk of transmission to family members?
o Increase fluid intake
o A high-fiber diet
o Soap and water for hand washing
o Wash hands with an alcohol-based hand sanitizer
Answer - o Soap and water for hand washing
· Alcohol does not kill C. difficile spores. Use of soap and water is more efficacious than
alcohol-based hand rubs. Increased fluids and increased fiber do not decrease the risk
of transmission of C. difficile.
Which client is at an increased risk for hospital-acquired pneumonia? Select all that
apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
