NR 507 FINAL EXAM
Question 1
Graves disease is a result of:
Autoantibodies binding to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-receptor sites
Autoantibo
In the hyperthyroidism (excessive thyroid activity) of Graves disease, autoantibody
binds to and activates receptors for TSH (a pituitary hormone that controls the
production of the hormone thyroxine by the thyroid). The other options do not
accurately describe the cause of Graves disease.
Question 2
What is the most commonly reported symptom of cancer treatment?
Fatigue
Fatigue
Fatigue
Fatigue is the most frequently reported symptom of cancer and cancer treatment.
Although patients report the other options, they are not as frequently experienced
as fatigue.
,Question 3
In which structure does B lymphocytes mature and undergo changes that commit
them to becoming B cells?
Bone marrow
Bone marro
Bone marrow
B lymphocytes mature and become B cells in specialized (primary) lymphoid
organs—the thymus gland for T cells and the bone marrow for B cells. Neither
regional lymph nodes nor the spleen are involved in changing B lymphocytes into
B cells.
Question 4
Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which electrolyte imbalance?
Hypocalcemia
Hypocalcem
Hypocalcemia
Two clinical signs of hypocalcemia are the Chvostek sign and Trousseau sign.
These clinical signs are not indicative of any of the other options.
Question 5
On average, what percent of cardiac output do the kidneys receive?
,20% to 25%
20% to 25%
20% to 25%
The kidneys are highly vascular organs and usually receive 1000 to 1200 ml of
blood per minute, or approximately 20% to 25% of the cardiac output
Question 6
Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a stress
response?
Norepinephrine
Only the release of norepinephrine promotes arousal, increased vigilance,
increased anxiety, and other protective emotional responses.
Question 7
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune process involving
antibodies attacking which type of cells?
Platelets
Platelets
ITP is a disorder of platelet consumption. This selection is the only option that
correctly identifies which type of cell is attacked by ITP.
, Question 8
When renin is released, it is capable of which action?
Formation of angiotensin I
Formation o
Formation of angiotensin I
When renin is released, it cleaves an α-globulin (angiotensinogen produced by
liver hepatocytes) in the plasma to form angiotensin I.
Question 9
Which of the following are formed elements of the blood that are not cells but are
disk-shaped cytoplasmic fragments essential for blood clotting?
Platelets
Platelets
Platelets
Platelets (thrombocytes) are not true cells but are disk-shaped cytoplasmic
fragments that are essential for blood coagulation and control of bleeding. This
description is not accurate for any of the other options.
.
Question 10
In a full-term infant, the normal erythrocyte life span is _____ days, whereas the
adult erythrocyte life span is _____ days.
Question 1
Graves disease is a result of:
Autoantibodies binding to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-receptor sites
Autoantibo
In the hyperthyroidism (excessive thyroid activity) of Graves disease, autoantibody
binds to and activates receptors for TSH (a pituitary hormone that controls the
production of the hormone thyroxine by the thyroid). The other options do not
accurately describe the cause of Graves disease.
Question 2
What is the most commonly reported symptom of cancer treatment?
Fatigue
Fatigue
Fatigue
Fatigue is the most frequently reported symptom of cancer and cancer treatment.
Although patients report the other options, they are not as frequently experienced
as fatigue.
,Question 3
In which structure does B lymphocytes mature and undergo changes that commit
them to becoming B cells?
Bone marrow
Bone marro
Bone marrow
B lymphocytes mature and become B cells in specialized (primary) lymphoid
organs—the thymus gland for T cells and the bone marrow for B cells. Neither
regional lymph nodes nor the spleen are involved in changing B lymphocytes into
B cells.
Question 4
Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which electrolyte imbalance?
Hypocalcemia
Hypocalcem
Hypocalcemia
Two clinical signs of hypocalcemia are the Chvostek sign and Trousseau sign.
These clinical signs are not indicative of any of the other options.
Question 5
On average, what percent of cardiac output do the kidneys receive?
,20% to 25%
20% to 25%
20% to 25%
The kidneys are highly vascular organs and usually receive 1000 to 1200 ml of
blood per minute, or approximately 20% to 25% of the cardiac output
Question 6
Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a stress
response?
Norepinephrine
Only the release of norepinephrine promotes arousal, increased vigilance,
increased anxiety, and other protective emotional responses.
Question 7
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune process involving
antibodies attacking which type of cells?
Platelets
Platelets
ITP is a disorder of platelet consumption. This selection is the only option that
correctly identifies which type of cell is attacked by ITP.
, Question 8
When renin is released, it is capable of which action?
Formation of angiotensin I
Formation o
Formation of angiotensin I
When renin is released, it cleaves an α-globulin (angiotensinogen produced by
liver hepatocytes) in the plasma to form angiotensin I.
Question 9
Which of the following are formed elements of the blood that are not cells but are
disk-shaped cytoplasmic fragments essential for blood clotting?
Platelets
Platelets
Platelets
Platelets (thrombocytes) are not true cells but are disk-shaped cytoplasmic
fragments that are essential for blood coagulation and control of bleeding. This
description is not accurate for any of the other options.
.
Question 10
In a full-term infant, the normal erythrocyte life span is _____ days, whereas the
adult erythrocyte life span is _____ days.
