NURS 202 Technologies of Nursing Practice Final Exam
acute pain protective, usually has an identifiable cause, is of short duration, and had limited
tissue damage and emotional response
acute pain Common after acute injury, disease, or surgery, Warns people of injury or disease,
Eventually resolves, with or without treatment, after an injured area heals
chronic pain Not protective and thus serves no purpose, but it has a dramatic effect on a
person's quality of life
chronic/persistent noncancer pain Ongoing or recurrent pain that lasts beyond the usual
course of an acute illness or the healing of an injury (more than 3-6 months) and that adversely
affects an individuals well-being
chronic episodic pain Pain that occurs sporadically over an extended period of time, Lasts for
hours, days, or weeks
cancer pain Pain is normal (nociceptive), resulting from stimulus of an undamaged nerve
and/or neuropathic, arising from abnormal or damaged pain nerves
cancer pain Usually caused by tumor progression and related pathological processes, invasive
procedures, toxicities of chemotherapy, and infection
idiopathic painChronic pain in the absence of an identifiable physical or psychological cause or
pain perceived as excessive for an extent of an organic pathological condition
pain assessment ask patient's pain level, use ABCs of pain management, pain is not just a
number
ABCs of pain Ask about pain regularly. Assess pain systematically, Believe patient and family
in their report of pain and what relieves it, Choose pain control options appropriate for the
patient, family, and setting, Deliver interventions in a timely, logical, and coordinated fashion,
Empower patients and their families. Enable them to control their course to the greatest extent
possible
, patient expression of pain Patient's self report of pain is single most reliable indicator of its
existence and intensity, Establish caring therapeutic relationship with the patient to promote open
communication
Effects of pain on patient Assess verbalization, vocal response, facial and body movements,
and social interaction, Assess influence on ADLs
physical exam of pain When patient is in pain, conduct a focused physical and neurological exam
and observe for nonverbal responses to pain (grimacing, rigid body posture, limping, frowning,
or crying)
physical exam of pain Examine affected painful area to see whether palpation or manipulation of
the site increases pain
physical exam of pain Assess cognitive status, ability to respond appropriately to questions,
mobility/balance especially in older adults with persistent pain
physical dependence a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal
symptoms when the drug is discontinued
addiction compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences
drug tolerance the tendency for larger doses of a drug to be required over time to achieve the
same effect
nonpharmacological pain interventions Acupuncture and massage, osteopathic and
chiropractic manipulation, cognitive-behavioral intervention, meditative movement and mind-
body interventions, and dietary and self-management approaches to pain management
nonpharmacological pain interventions Distraction, prayer, mindfulness, relaxation, guided
imagery, music, and biofeedback
pharmacological pain treatment analgesics
analgesics Most common and effective method of pain relief, Nonopioids (NSAIDS) and
opioids (narcotics) and adjuvants (co-analgesics)
patient-controlled analgesia Method of pain management, drug delivery system that allows
patients to self-administer opioids with minimal risk of overdose
insulin Rapid-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting
Mixing Two Types of Insulin Inject air into cloudy vial without touching fluid, withdraw needle
Inject air into clear vial, flip and withdraw rapid-acting (clear) insulin. Check dose and remove
air bubbles. Insert needle into cloudy insulin, but do not inject!!!
Invert vial and remove correct dose of cloudy insulin
infusion time The total time over which the fluids will be administered expressed in hours.
parenteral Administered by route other than mouth or GI (IV, IM, subcut, ID)
intramuscular 90 degree insertion, z-track method, ventrogluteal, vastus lateralis, deltoid,
aspirate before inserting
intramuscular Normal adult 2-5 mL
subcutaneous If you can grasp 2 inches of tissue, insert the needle at a 90 degree angle, If you
can grasp 1 inch of tissue, insert the needle at a 45 degree angle
subcutaneous outer posterior aspect of upper arms, abdomen, anterior aspects of thigh
insulin given subcutaneously, do not aspirate, body area where 1 inch of subc fat can be pinched,
90 degree angle
rights of delegation right task, right circumstance, right person, right directions and
communication, right supervision and evaluation
acute pain protective, usually has an identifiable cause, is of short duration, and had limited
tissue damage and emotional response
acute pain Common after acute injury, disease, or surgery, Warns people of injury or disease,
Eventually resolves, with or without treatment, after an injured area heals
chronic pain Not protective and thus serves no purpose, but it has a dramatic effect on a
person's quality of life
chronic/persistent noncancer pain Ongoing or recurrent pain that lasts beyond the usual
course of an acute illness or the healing of an injury (more than 3-6 months) and that adversely
affects an individuals well-being
chronic episodic pain Pain that occurs sporadically over an extended period of time, Lasts for
hours, days, or weeks
cancer pain Pain is normal (nociceptive), resulting from stimulus of an undamaged nerve
and/or neuropathic, arising from abnormal or damaged pain nerves
cancer pain Usually caused by tumor progression and related pathological processes, invasive
procedures, toxicities of chemotherapy, and infection
idiopathic painChronic pain in the absence of an identifiable physical or psychological cause or
pain perceived as excessive for an extent of an organic pathological condition
pain assessment ask patient's pain level, use ABCs of pain management, pain is not just a
number
ABCs of pain Ask about pain regularly. Assess pain systematically, Believe patient and family
in their report of pain and what relieves it, Choose pain control options appropriate for the
patient, family, and setting, Deliver interventions in a timely, logical, and coordinated fashion,
Empower patients and their families. Enable them to control their course to the greatest extent
possible
, patient expression of pain Patient's self report of pain is single most reliable indicator of its
existence and intensity, Establish caring therapeutic relationship with the patient to promote open
communication
Effects of pain on patient Assess verbalization, vocal response, facial and body movements,
and social interaction, Assess influence on ADLs
physical exam of pain When patient is in pain, conduct a focused physical and neurological exam
and observe for nonverbal responses to pain (grimacing, rigid body posture, limping, frowning,
or crying)
physical exam of pain Examine affected painful area to see whether palpation or manipulation of
the site increases pain
physical exam of pain Assess cognitive status, ability to respond appropriately to questions,
mobility/balance especially in older adults with persistent pain
physical dependence a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal
symptoms when the drug is discontinued
addiction compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences
drug tolerance the tendency for larger doses of a drug to be required over time to achieve the
same effect
nonpharmacological pain interventions Acupuncture and massage, osteopathic and
chiropractic manipulation, cognitive-behavioral intervention, meditative movement and mind-
body interventions, and dietary and self-management approaches to pain management
nonpharmacological pain interventions Distraction, prayer, mindfulness, relaxation, guided
imagery, music, and biofeedback
pharmacological pain treatment analgesics
analgesics Most common and effective method of pain relief, Nonopioids (NSAIDS) and
opioids (narcotics) and adjuvants (co-analgesics)
patient-controlled analgesia Method of pain management, drug delivery system that allows
patients to self-administer opioids with minimal risk of overdose
insulin Rapid-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting
Mixing Two Types of Insulin Inject air into cloudy vial without touching fluid, withdraw needle
Inject air into clear vial, flip and withdraw rapid-acting (clear) insulin. Check dose and remove
air bubbles. Insert needle into cloudy insulin, but do not inject!!!
Invert vial and remove correct dose of cloudy insulin
infusion time The total time over which the fluids will be administered expressed in hours.
parenteral Administered by route other than mouth or GI (IV, IM, subcut, ID)
intramuscular 90 degree insertion, z-track method, ventrogluteal, vastus lateralis, deltoid,
aspirate before inserting
intramuscular Normal adult 2-5 mL
subcutaneous If you can grasp 2 inches of tissue, insert the needle at a 90 degree angle, If you
can grasp 1 inch of tissue, insert the needle at a 45 degree angle
subcutaneous outer posterior aspect of upper arms, abdomen, anterior aspects of thigh
insulin given subcutaneously, do not aspirate, body area where 1 inch of subc fat can be pinched,
90 degree angle
rights of delegation right task, right circumstance, right person, right directions and
communication, right supervision and evaluation
