TEST BANK FOR
UNDERSTANDING
PHARMACOLOGY FOR
HEALTH
PROFESSIONALS 5TH
EDITION BY TURLEY
, Chapter 1 Turley, 5th edition
Chapter 1 Introduction to Pharmacology and the History of Drugs
1. Define the following terms:
a. Pharmacology: The study of medicines/drugs and how they work with a
living organism.
b. Drug: Nonfood chemical substance. (dried herbs, plants, etc.)
c. Medicine: drugs used to prevent, control, improve, or cure symptoms,
conditions, or diseases.
m
er as
d. Orphan drugs: act providing special incentives to grant offset drug
co
development costs, and a tax credit that allows up to 75% deduction or the
eH w
cost of clinical trials. This allows the development of drugs for rare
o.
diseases to be available due to it being more cost effective.
rs e
e. Prophylaxis: To prevent- motion sickness, pregnancy, illness, diseases,
ou urc
etc.
f. Compounding: Customizing a medication to meet a patient’s needs.
Customizing the strength/dose, flavoring a medication, reformulating,
o
changing form of medication.
aC s
g. Rx: prescription that combines more than one ingredient to form the drug.
vi y re
h. Apothecary: Person in charge of the storehouse (Storehouse-dried plants
and herbs.) Apothecary shop is a system for measuring precise amounts
of small quantities of drugs and herbs.
ed d
i. Pharmacopeia: list of all drugs used in apothecary, individual ingredients,
ar stu
strengths and purity, and how to prepare them. Basically, a drug guide.
j. Legend drugs: Same as a prescription drug.
k. OTC drugs: over the counter drug, can be found in medicine aisles of
is
stores.
Th
l. DEA number: DEA- drug enforcement administration, a pharmacy must
have a DEA certificate and number in order to dispense scheduled drugs.
m. Designer drugs: Created by molecular modification of existing illegal
sh
schedule I or II drug.
2. Describe the 3 medical uses for drugs:
a. preventative
b. diagnose
1
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, Chapter 1 Turley, 5th edition
c. treat
3. State 3 natural sources that drugs are derived from and give an example of each
a. plant- ephedrine; burning of the leaves to treat respiratory ailments
b. animal- Pregnant mares urine; Premarin-female hormone replacement.
c. mineral- herbs, acupuncture, massage, essential oils.
4. Briefly describe the impact of the following drug legislation and agencies:
a. Food and Drugs Act of 1906: First federal drug law that only drugs listed in
the pharmacopeia or national formulary could actually be prescribed.
b. Food and Drug Administration: Weighs inherent risks against its benefits,
completes review process before it issues a final approval or rejection.
m
er as
c. Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938: No longer needed proof of fraud to
co
stop sales, seize any drug suspected of being toxic, burden of proof was on
eH w
the drug companies.
o.
rs e
d. Durham-Humphrey Amendment: Defined prescription drugs 1951
ou urc
e. Kefauver-Harris Amendment: Tightened control on existing prescription drugs
and new drugs. Required that drugs be shown to be safe, effective, and to
o
report adverse effects-1962
aC s
vi y re
f. Dietary Supplements and Health and Education Act: FDA guidelines for
herbal products and dietary supplements 1994
ed d
g. Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997- gave authority to
ar stu
accelerate approval process for certain types of drugs.
h. Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2006:
is
medicate part D to reduce cost of prescription drugs for senior citizens.
Th
i. FDA Safety and Administration Act: Breakthrough therapy
sh
j. Controlled Substances Act: Divided potentially addictive drugs into five
categories or schedules, based on their potential for physical or psychological
dependence, known as schedule drugs or controlled substances.
k. Drug Enforcement Administration: DEA- regulate the manufacturing and
dispensing of these drugs.
2
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, Chapter 1 Turley, 5th edition
l. Orphan Drug Act: Purpose to facilitate the development of new drugs to treat
rare diseases.
5. State the requirements for a prescription drug to become an OTC drug
Indicated for drug’s OTC use is similar to its use as a prescription drug, pt. can
easily diagnose and monitor his or her own condition when using OTC drug, OTC
drug has a low rate of side effects/toxicity and low potential for abuse, use of
OTC drug does not require the pt. to have any special monitoring or ongoing test.
6. Briefly describe the Schedules for Controlled Substances and give an example of
a drug in each category.
a. I-Extremely high potential for abuse and addiction. (heroin)
m
er as
b. II-High potential for abuse and addition (ritalin, Adderall, dilaudid)
co
c. III-less potential for abuse and addiction that schedule II. (ketamine, Vicodin)
eH w
d. IV- less potential for abuse and addiction than schedule III. (Xanax, valium,
o.
Ativan)
rs e
e. V- limited potential for abuse. (motofen, robitussin, Lomotil)
ou urc
7. Briefly describe the requirements for prescribing or dispensing a controlled
substance.
o
-manufacturing, storage, dispensing, and disposal of controlled substances are
aC s
strictly regulated by both federal and state laws.
vi y re
8. Briefly describe the controlled substance symbol
C; controlled substance. Number; roman numeral of the schedule drug.
ed d
ar stu
9. Give the name of the drug and its current use that originated from the natural
sources listed below:
a. Foxglove plant: digoxin for CHF
is
b. Sheep’s’ wool: Lanolin common in topical skin drugs
Th
c. Rose hips: vitamin C.
d. Poppy: painkiller, opium-heroin, morphine.
e. Mold: penicillin.
sh
3
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https://www.coursehero.com/file/57640191/Chp-1-SGdocx/
UNDERSTANDING
PHARMACOLOGY FOR
HEALTH
PROFESSIONALS 5TH
EDITION BY TURLEY
, Chapter 1 Turley, 5th edition
Chapter 1 Introduction to Pharmacology and the History of Drugs
1. Define the following terms:
a. Pharmacology: The study of medicines/drugs and how they work with a
living organism.
b. Drug: Nonfood chemical substance. (dried herbs, plants, etc.)
c. Medicine: drugs used to prevent, control, improve, or cure symptoms,
conditions, or diseases.
m
er as
d. Orphan drugs: act providing special incentives to grant offset drug
co
development costs, and a tax credit that allows up to 75% deduction or the
eH w
cost of clinical trials. This allows the development of drugs for rare
o.
diseases to be available due to it being more cost effective.
rs e
e. Prophylaxis: To prevent- motion sickness, pregnancy, illness, diseases,
ou urc
etc.
f. Compounding: Customizing a medication to meet a patient’s needs.
Customizing the strength/dose, flavoring a medication, reformulating,
o
changing form of medication.
aC s
g. Rx: prescription that combines more than one ingredient to form the drug.
vi y re
h. Apothecary: Person in charge of the storehouse (Storehouse-dried plants
and herbs.) Apothecary shop is a system for measuring precise amounts
of small quantities of drugs and herbs.
ed d
i. Pharmacopeia: list of all drugs used in apothecary, individual ingredients,
ar stu
strengths and purity, and how to prepare them. Basically, a drug guide.
j. Legend drugs: Same as a prescription drug.
k. OTC drugs: over the counter drug, can be found in medicine aisles of
is
stores.
Th
l. DEA number: DEA- drug enforcement administration, a pharmacy must
have a DEA certificate and number in order to dispense scheduled drugs.
m. Designer drugs: Created by molecular modification of existing illegal
sh
schedule I or II drug.
2. Describe the 3 medical uses for drugs:
a. preventative
b. diagnose
1
This study source was downloaded by 100000825849797 from CourseHero.com on 06-02-2021 01:11:28 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/57640191/Chp-1-SGdocx/
, Chapter 1 Turley, 5th edition
c. treat
3. State 3 natural sources that drugs are derived from and give an example of each
a. plant- ephedrine; burning of the leaves to treat respiratory ailments
b. animal- Pregnant mares urine; Premarin-female hormone replacement.
c. mineral- herbs, acupuncture, massage, essential oils.
4. Briefly describe the impact of the following drug legislation and agencies:
a. Food and Drugs Act of 1906: First federal drug law that only drugs listed in
the pharmacopeia or national formulary could actually be prescribed.
b. Food and Drug Administration: Weighs inherent risks against its benefits,
completes review process before it issues a final approval or rejection.
m
er as
c. Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938: No longer needed proof of fraud to
co
stop sales, seize any drug suspected of being toxic, burden of proof was on
eH w
the drug companies.
o.
rs e
d. Durham-Humphrey Amendment: Defined prescription drugs 1951
ou urc
e. Kefauver-Harris Amendment: Tightened control on existing prescription drugs
and new drugs. Required that drugs be shown to be safe, effective, and to
o
report adverse effects-1962
aC s
vi y re
f. Dietary Supplements and Health and Education Act: FDA guidelines for
herbal products and dietary supplements 1994
ed d
g. Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997- gave authority to
ar stu
accelerate approval process for certain types of drugs.
h. Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2006:
is
medicate part D to reduce cost of prescription drugs for senior citizens.
Th
i. FDA Safety and Administration Act: Breakthrough therapy
sh
j. Controlled Substances Act: Divided potentially addictive drugs into five
categories or schedules, based on their potential for physical or psychological
dependence, known as schedule drugs or controlled substances.
k. Drug Enforcement Administration: DEA- regulate the manufacturing and
dispensing of these drugs.
2
This study source was downloaded by 100000825849797 from CourseHero.com on 06-02-2021 01:11:28 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/57640191/Chp-1-SGdocx/
, Chapter 1 Turley, 5th edition
l. Orphan Drug Act: Purpose to facilitate the development of new drugs to treat
rare diseases.
5. State the requirements for a prescription drug to become an OTC drug
Indicated for drug’s OTC use is similar to its use as a prescription drug, pt. can
easily diagnose and monitor his or her own condition when using OTC drug, OTC
drug has a low rate of side effects/toxicity and low potential for abuse, use of
OTC drug does not require the pt. to have any special monitoring or ongoing test.
6. Briefly describe the Schedules for Controlled Substances and give an example of
a drug in each category.
a. I-Extremely high potential for abuse and addiction. (heroin)
m
er as
b. II-High potential for abuse and addition (ritalin, Adderall, dilaudid)
co
c. III-less potential for abuse and addiction that schedule II. (ketamine, Vicodin)
eH w
d. IV- less potential for abuse and addiction than schedule III. (Xanax, valium,
o.
Ativan)
rs e
e. V- limited potential for abuse. (motofen, robitussin, Lomotil)
ou urc
7. Briefly describe the requirements for prescribing or dispensing a controlled
substance.
o
-manufacturing, storage, dispensing, and disposal of controlled substances are
aC s
strictly regulated by both federal and state laws.
vi y re
8. Briefly describe the controlled substance symbol
C; controlled substance. Number; roman numeral of the schedule drug.
ed d
ar stu
9. Give the name of the drug and its current use that originated from the natural
sources listed below:
a. Foxglove plant: digoxin for CHF
is
b. Sheep’s’ wool: Lanolin common in topical skin drugs
Th
c. Rose hips: vitamin C.
d. Poppy: painkiller, opium-heroin, morphine.
e. Mold: penicillin.
sh
3
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https://www.coursehero.com/file/57640191/Chp-1-SGdocx/
