COM1501 EXAM PACK 2021.

COM1501 EXAM PACK 2021.1) Which five major stages in the development of human communication are distinguished according to different ‘ages’? Consider the options below and identify the key containing the ages listed in the correct chronological order. 1. Writing, speech and language, electronic mass media, printing 2. Writing, printing, speech and language, electronic mass media 3. Speech and language, writing, printing, electronic mass media 4. Writing, speech and language, printing, electronic mass media 2) In the ancient times, people made vocal sounds and could communicate information about their environment in various ways. Identify the key containing the most comprehensive means of communication. 1. Senses, sight, touch, cave paintings 2. Gestures, writing, speech, facial expressions 3. Cave paintings, posture, touch 4. Touch, grunts, senses, facial expressions 3) The development and use of paper resulted in a significant change for humans, because information could now be recorded where it was previously conveyed through word of mouth. Consider the options below, and indentify the key containing the correct chronological measures used to record the earliest forms of writing up to the use of paper. 1. Cuneiform, animal skins, hieroglyphics, papyrus, parchment, paper 2. Hieroglyphics, cuneiform, animal skins, parchment, papyrus, paper 3. Animal skins, parchment, papyrus, hieroglyphics, cuneiform 4. Hieroglyphics, animal skins, papyrus, parchment, paper 4) Literacy came within reach of the masses during the age of 1. Writing 2. Print 3. Speech and language 4. The electronic mass media 5) During which era in the development of human communication, did people start to express their creativity in the form of art? 1. Speech and language 2. Writing 3. Electronic mass media 4. Mass communication 6) Aretha Franklin, one of the world’s most renowned RnB and Soul singer passed away in August 2018. Many people were filled with sadness, and wanted to pay tribute to the late pop star. Numerous radio stations across the globe interviewed people, and asked why and how they would remember him. The purpose of communication (from those interviewed) in this instance (even though the pop star was not personally known to everyone interviewed) is to. 1. Give expression to an informed decision 2. Boost the sense of self 3. Satisfy a psychological need 4. Confirm a relationship with the actor 7) People use mass media for various reasons. A family watching a specific program on television do so with the intention to relax and spend quality time together. They soon discover that their watching television together is inhibiting their conversation. This negative effect of watching television together without communication can be regarded as a/an ___ effect of communication. 1. Intentional 2. Decision making 3. Unintentional Downloaded by Rachel Magalefa () lOMoARcPSD| 4. Persuasive 8) According to Steinberg (2007/15) “[t]he most remarkable achievement of the 20th century was the ___ tabs 1. Speed with which communication developments occurred 2. Advent of electricity 3. Creation of the wired world 4. Development of print 9) Advertisers’ use (or misuse) specific holidays to make more money. One such example is for instance Valentine’s Day, red roses are exceptionally expensive on Valentine’s Day and you are prepared to pay R300 00 for a bunch of red roses for your loved one on this day. The messaged displayed in advertisements at this specific time of the year are directed towards our emotions which are associated with a basic need. The fact that you are prepared to buy a bunch of red roses for your loved one at this price can (in terms of Packard’s theory of needs) be associated with a need for 1. Love objects 2. Emotional security 3. Ego gratification 4. Assurance of worth 10) Interpersonal communication enables us to understand one another. It also provides information about ourselves because by what people say or the way in which they respond to us, we develop a sense of who we are and how people react to our behavior. We want people to respect us and many people expect public recognition for what they do. In terms of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, a sound sense of self and the enhancement of respect for others and self-respect address our needs related to 1. Esteem 2. Decision making 3. Sense of self 4. Persuasion 11) Consider the list below, and identify the key which illustrates the correct similarities between the needs of Maslow and Packard. Maslow’s A. Need for security and Packard’s need for immortality B. Social needs and Packard’s ego gratification C. Need for esteem and Packard’s need for love objects D. Need for safety and Packard’s need for reassurance of worth 1. a b c 2. b d 3. b c d 4. a b c d 12) A number of violent killings of women have rocked South Africa lately. In a recent incident a young woman was necklaced and murdered by her partner in Cape Town. This has upset the whole country and a number of researchers have then decided to take action. The researchers have involved the entire community, and a questionnaire is to be distributed to every household of this particular township. The nature of this research to be conducted here will be ___ research. 1. Experimental 2. Survey 3. Historical 4. Ethnographic 13. Various warnings for the spread of the Cholera virus were made world-wide after Cyclone Idai hit Mozambique and Malawi in March 2019. People across the world were warned not to travel to these countries in which the cholera virus was evident. In terms of Packard’s needs, this information reflects a need for… 1. A sense of power 2. Emotional security 3. Immortality Downloaded by Rachel Magalefa () lOMoARcPSD| 4. Ego gratification 14) Most shopping centers’ have parking bays reserved for people with disabilities. The sticker displaying a wheelchair in a car window represents a ___ and indicated that the owner or driver of that vehicle has a disability. 1. Code 2. Sign 3. Channel 4. Medium 15) Many academics at universities write books which are prescribed to different courses and modules all over the world. The presentation of messages by means of publications implies that these authors are ___ messages. 1. Accepting 2. Decoding 3. Receiving 4. Encoding 16) Which theorist/s believed that the channel used during communication was the most important aspect for successful communication? 1. Shannon and Weaver 2. Schramm 3. Lasswell 4. Lasswell and Schramm 17. Your entire office has to attend a presentation made by a colleague whom you do not admire at all. Due to your dislike for this person, you hardly pay any attention to the presentation. Your lack of paying attention is caused by… 1. Your frame of reference 2. Internal noise 3. Semantic noise 4. External noise 18) Lasswell was of the opinion that the purpose of communication was to persuade the recipient to adopt a specific point of view. It therefore had to be ensured that the correct person conveyed the message through a medium which was most efficient. Reason being that in terms of Lasswell’s communication model, the communication was regarded as being… 1. A transaction 2. Interpersonal 3. A Linear process 4. An interactive process 19) was/were the first communication theorist(s) to recognize that A. Participants had to share a common frame of reference B. Participants needed to actively encode, transmit, receive, decode and respond during a communication encounter. C. Messages could have more than one meaning D. Both content and meaning of messaged were important to ensure successful communication 1. Lasswell 2. Shannon and Weaver 3. Schramm 4. Shannon 20) A dynamic view of communication regards the communication process as constantly being in motion, because messages are travelling between parties who are actively involved in exchanging meaning and creating relationships. These characteristics relate to the ___ view of communication. 1. Meaning-centered 2. Transactional 3. Technical 4. Circular Downloaded by Rachel Magalefa () lOMoARcPSD| 21) The view that communication only related to the transmission process (the way in which the message is sent and received) from Person A to Person B represents the ___ view of communication. 1. Technical 2. Transactional 3. Meaning-centered 4. Circular 22) Consider the option below relating to perception and select the correct key A. We need to question the accuracy of our perceptions of other people B. Our perception of others can be checked by means of dialogue C. Perceptions of people need not change over time D. Our perception of people is based on reality 1. a c 2. b d 3. a d 4. a b 23) The fact that the brain can select relevant information in a specific situation and arrange that information in meaningful patterns related to our frame of reference is known as… 1. Selection 2. Selective exposure 3. Perception 4. Perceptual organization 24) Consider the options below and select the correct key which reflects the communication context in which you will have little or no opportunity to directly interact with the encoder. 1. Dyadic communication 2. Mass communication 3. Interpersonal communication 4. Small-group communication 25) Our understanding of the world and people around us is not always correct due to our own perceptions, which are based on our senses and frame of reference. Although perception is a personal process and provides one with a unique view of the world and people, these perceptions may be subjective or biased resulting in inaccurate representations. (Steinberg ) Perceptual inaccuracies can be corrected by means of A. Interpretations B. Consensus C. Multisensory cross checks D. Listening 1. a b 2. b c 3. c d 4. a b c d 26) Identify the key containing the correct stages of the listening process 1. Sensing, remembering, interpreting, understanding 2. Understanding, attending, feedback, remembering 3. Understanding, responding, feedback, remembering 4. Sensing, understanding, remembering, responding 27) In order for people to interpret messages and responses more accurately when communicating with others so as to have a better understanding of the people and their messages, we have to be involved in. 1. Active listening 2. Listening 3. Hearing 4. Understanding and interpreting Downloaded by Rachel Magalefa () lOMoARcPSD| 28) Consider the following characteristics below and then identify the key containing the type of listening which the characteristics refer to. A. Pay attention to what is said and how it is said B. Take note of the feelings of the communicator C. Listen to spoken words D. Listen for and observe non-verbal cues. 1. Discriminative listening 2. Critical listening 3. Reflective listening 4. Interactive listening 29) After the long December school holidays, many learners came back to school on the first day with weird and improper ‘holiday hair styles’. On this first day of school, you had to listen and adjudicate oral presentations made by matric pupils. The first matriculant you had to listen to had hair standing on all ends, coloured purple with yellow stripes in your personal prejudice towards the matriculant’s appearance caused a listening barrier. Identify the key containing the barrier, which was the root cause of your inability to listen with the attention the matriculant deserved. 1. An internal listening barrier 2. An external listening barrier 3. Inaccurate listening 4. A lack of concentration 30) In March 2019, Standard Bank addressed the issue of possible retrenchment to its employees, with the possibility of many branches closing due to online banking being the “future” of banking. During one such meeting, employees of the bank were addressed by board members, union representatives and managers on different issues and aspects. Which types of listening was the staff demonstrating during this meeting? A. Interactive listening B. Critical listening C. Reflective listening D. Discriminative listening 1. a b 2. a b c 3. b c d 4. a b d 31) You are introduced to a new employee. You shake his hand, look him in the eye, smile and say that you are pleased to meet him. Your non-verbal communication is. 1. Reinforcing 2. Replacing 3. Complementing 4. Contradicting 32) As seen with the development of communication and the communication models designed by various theorists, feedback is an important component of successful communication. Feedback indicates whether the intended message was received correctly, whether it was regarded positively or negatively, and whether our communication style should be changed. In successful communication, the communicator and recipient both have a mutual responsibility to give and receive feedback. Inappropriate feedback does not encourage effective communication and when someone fails to acknowledge your attempt to communicate even though they have heard you, they are demonstrating a/an response… 1. Impervious 2. Tangenial 3. Irrelevant 4. Interrupting Downloaded by Rachel Magalefa () lOMoARcPSD| 33) A number of techniques can be practiced to improve listening skills. Consider the options listed below and identify they key which related to the suggestion that one should anticipate what is coming, form associations, take notes and construct mnemonics in order to improve listening skills. These suggested methods are applicable to___ 1. Focusing attention 2. Showing that one is listening 3. Listening to analyze and evaluate the content 4. Listening to retain information 34) When a singer received a statue at the SAMA awards ceremony, they are expected to move to the podium and then have a limited period of time to make a short speech. Last night one such singer (Shekinah) started crying at the podium and was therefore unable to speak. This non-verbal cue conveyed relational information (her emotional state and feeling) and her crying (the non-verbal cue) is known as… 1. A cultural phenomenon 2. Stereotyping 3. Regulation 4. Leakage 35) When your mother calls you on the phone, your partner always laughs at the gestures you make with your hands. While your mother is talking, you use these hand gestures to show that your mother must get to the point, hurry up and finish the conversation. In this instance your non-verbal communication functions to ___ the flow of the verbal interaction. 1. Complement 2. Replace 3. Regulate 4. Reinforce 36) Suzie took a ‘Selfie’ to show some friend how she painted her and pouted her lips to look silly at her brothers party. Consider the following options below and identify the class of kinesics applicable as a category of nonverbal communication. This ‘Selfie’ represents a/an… 1. Illustrator 2. Regulator 3. Affect display 4. Adaptor 37) When one wants to draw attention of a senior staff member in discussion with a group of executives, eye contact may not be possible. It is very often necessary to walk towards the senior staff member and touch them on the elbow to get their attention. The non-verbal category of communication, known as ___ refers to our use of touch to convey messages. 1. Haptics 2. Chronemics 3. Proxemics 4. Kinesics 38) The status of an individual can be communicated through the use of space, and nationality and culture dictates how different people use space in communication interactions. The distance that people maintain between themselves in a communication interaction can also show or tell us which people have a close relationship, and which people maintain a formal relationship (irrespective of their status). The study of how people’s perception of space communicates information is known as 1. Haptics 2. Chronemics 3. Proxemics 4. Personal appearance 39) Consider the options below and identify the key which represents the spatial zone (generally) applicable to a personal distance for most people. 1. 0-45 cm 2. More than 360 cm 3. 120-360 cm 4. 45-120 cm Downloaded by Rachel Magalefa () lOMoARcPSD| 40) A hitchhiker walks along the road and uses a thumb to indicate he needs a lift. That non-verbal sign is known as a… 1. Emblem 2. Regulator 3. Adaptor 4. Gesture 41) Lethabo continuously uses the words “yeah, yeah” in almost all her sentences. It is extremely frustrating when a person speaks and continuously uses sounds and words, such as ‘uh uh’ and you know, you know in every sentence. When such words or similar expressions are used excessively they interrupt our listening, concentration and comprehension of the message. This phenomenon (using ‘uh’ ‘uh’ ‘uh’ or you know, you know) is known as… 1. Vocal characteristics 2. Paralanguage 3. Vocal interference 4. Vocal gesture 42) When one uses a word such as stupid to refer to the intellectual ability of another person, you use language to… 1. Evaluate 2. Label and define 3. Entertain 4. Talk about language 43) The vocal signs which accompany spoken language concern the sound of our voice, and the range of meanings which people convey through their voices (rather than through the use of words) when communicating with others. These vocal signs are known as… 1. Vocal characteristics 2. Paralanguage 3. Vocal interference 4. Vocal gesture 44) Every one of us has a name, and when people call us by that name they use language to… 1. Evaluate 2. Label and define 3. Entertain 4. Talk about language 45) During the court case of Oscar Pistorius, both Advocate Gerrie Nel and Advocate Barry Roux used communication which was oriented towards the content of the subject matter. In doing so they illustrated the ___ function of language. 1. Phatic 2. Conative 3. Referential 4. Expressive 46) Your superb new cell phone is playing funny tricks on you with the line breaking up every now and again. You constantly have to ask the person on the other end to repeat what they have just said, “Hello, can you hear me” In order to sustain the connection. You are illustrating the ___ function of language when you have to ask “Hello, can you hear me?” 1. Phatic 2. Conative 3. Poetic 4. Expressive 47) Genderlects describe linguistic differences amongst different genders. Some researchers believe that the difference in the way men and women speak is obvious. Consider the options below and identify the key that illustrates feminine communication rules. In other words, women use language to… 1. Engage on issues of intimacy, create and maintain relationships 2. Show interest in others and address their needs, solve problems and give advice Downloaded by Rachel Magalefa () lOMoARcPSD| 3. To hold attention and prove yourself, build relationships with others 4. Identity their knowledge and expertise, deal with feelings and personal ideas 48) When Qedani Mahlangu had the opportunity to provide answers to the questions posed to her at the Life Esidimeni commission of enquiry, her emotional state was evident Mahlangu also used language to explain her feelings to explain her feelings, why she believed that the tragedy was accidental. In doing so, her communication represented the ___ function of language. 1. Phatic 2. Conative 3. Referential 4. Expressive 49) You are a grade guardian at your local school and have caught a number of Grade 10 learners smoking dagga. You call these pupils in and say to them “if you do no adhere to the school rules, you will appear w=before the student SGB Disciplinary Committee, do you catch my drift?” Which function of language did you use when you reprimanded the pupils? 1. Expressive function 2. Conative function 3. Metalinguistic function 4. Phatic function 50) Lesedi’s parents had promised to give her a car once she graduated from university. She was excited and assumed that it would be a brand new car. When her father took her to the garage, she was shocked to be presented with a 1980 model car, a Datsun to be exact. This miscommunication has resulted because of… A. The Saphir-Whorf hypothesis B. Perception C. Lack of clear language D. The connotative meaning assigned to ‘car’ 1. a c d 2. a b c d 3. b c d 4. a b d 2019 – May/June 1) The ability to conduct an interview or hold a meeting with people of different parts of the world mostly utilized by organizations, whereby the communicator and the recipient can both hear and see one another. This kind of communication is relative to the information age in the development of communication, choose the most appropriate answer. 1. Audio conferencing 2. Telecommuting 3. Videoconferencing 4. Teleconferencing 2) ___ is the ability to work from a remote location outside of your office. The location can be from home, a coffee shop, or hotel room as you are connected to the internet. Emails and instant messaging are some of the technological advances that enable this type of work arrangement. Choose the correct option from below. 1. Internet 2. Information age 3. Telecommuting 4. Videoconferencing 3) The Information age is called the ___ age. 1. Computer or digital 2. Film and Television 3. World Wide Web 4. Electronic Downloaded by Rachel Magalefa () lOMoARcPSD| 4) Eliyezere is a Grade 12 learner at Mazmomhle High School. Socializing and having study groups is very important in grade 12, although some parents are not of that view. Last weekend, Eliyezere’s mom, chased Pauloz out her house when she found them studying together. Pauloz is known for being part of a local gang and has been smoking dagga since grade 8. Eliyezere’s mother thinks that her child will also partake in Pauls immoral activities hence she chased him away. Given the above situation, it is quite clear that Eli’s mother has made up her mind about Paul. Which theory is associated or related to her behavior the list below. 1. Social and cultural theory 2. Cognitive theory 3. Critical theory 4. Symbolic interactionism 5) The ability to be able to interpret what is in the Bible or any written text is known as… 1. Hermeneutics 2. Conscientisation 3. Social and cultural reality 4. Critical Theory 6) The ___ model also highlights that the creation of meaning is negotiated between the participants who are involved in the communication process. 1. Technical 2. Transactional 3. Shannon and Weaver 4. Lasswell 7) Decoding is the process of… 1. Influencing what the speaker is saying 2. Interpreting what the speaker is saying 3. Transmitting messages to other people 4. Understanding the signs in a message 8) In a face-to-face communication setting, one can observe the facial expressions, body language, posture and emotion of the other party. However, in written communication, this is not possible, although people have invented to represent most of these characteristics in written communication. 1. Weblish 2. Fingerspelling 3. Ethics 4. Emoticons or Smileys 9) The different ways of looking at communication are… 1. Theories of communication 2. Concepts 3. Models 4. Scientifics methods 10) Struggling to concentrate and participate in a meeting that you are attending because your mind is still hungup in a disturbing and confusing dream which you had last night may be associated with ___ noise. 1. Semantic 2. External 3. Internal 4. Interactive 11) In Xhosa and many African cultures, when you dream of a wedding, it usually means death upon someone whom you know. Thus, the interpretation of dreams may be crucial in one culture, but not significant in another culture. This ability to interpret your dreams is greatly influenced by your… 1. Meaning 2. Semiotics 3. Frame of reference 4. Cultural context Downloaded by Rachel Magalefa () lOMoARcPSD| 12) In recent years and months, we have seen many couples killing each other in many communities. Habitually, one of the partners would request to keep the relationship for the sake of the families involved or the children. When one spouse requests the other one to retain the relationship because they have put so much work and effort into it, it would be ___ level of communication. 1. Content 2. Meaning 3. Interpretation 4. Relational 13) When you cannot stop to wonder why you actually received a bad service from a store that you just bought from, it is known as the ___ context of communication. 1. Personal 2. Intrapersonal 3. Interpersonal 4. Intentional 14) Professionals often have different jargons which they use amongst their peers Lindokuhe, an advocate often uses her law jargon with her husband even though he works in the construction industry. This has resulted in them being unable to communicate properly, as the husband says that Lindo thinks her profession is better than his. This kind of noise that is caused in their relationship is 1. Semantic 2. Internal 3. External 4. Context 15) Our five senses play a pertinent role in our communication. These senses can be regarded as the ___ of communication. 1. Encoding 2. Decoding 3. Channels 4. Mediums 16) When a doctor tells you that you are apoplectic, you do not understand what he means. This lack of understanding is because of… 1. Semantic noise 2. Frame of reference 3. Cultural belief 4. Internal noise 17) The notion of making people aware of existing racial issues in the South African society and empowering them to actually deal with them as Steve Biko would have, refers to the communication theory called… 1. Systems theory 2. Critical theory 3. Feminist studies 4. Conscientisation 18) Lazola took out a life insurance cover for his family so that when he has passed on, they would not be financially stranded. Which function of communication does this action illustrate? 1. Relationship 2. Sense of self 3. Physical and psychological need 4. Decision making 19) We use the term ___ to distinguish an encounter (or conversation)between two people from a small group of people 1. Small group communication 2. Interpersonal communication 3. Intrapersonal communication 4. Dyadic communication 20) The process of perception occurs in three stages, which are Downloaded by Rachel Magalefa () lOMoARcPSD| A. Interpretation B. Selective attention C. Organization D. Selection 1. a c and d 2. a and b 3. d 4. b d and c 21) ___ means that you validate a perception by comparing your interpretation with that of others 1. Listening 2. Consensus 3. Hearing 4. Interpretation 22) ___ developed a theory, which depicts a relationship with perception and how the works of art are expressed and interpreted in society 1. Gombrich 2. Maslow 3. Packard 4. Marconi 23) You are struggling to sleep the whole night on a Friday because your neighbors are having a party and their music is too loud. This kind of disturbance in the community is regarded as… 1. Internal barriers 2. External barriers 3. Listening barriers 4. Fidgeting 24) A ___ is something that stands or represents something else… 1. Word 2. Sign 3. Code 4. Concept 25) Consider the characteristics below and identify the theories they relate to… A. Personal frame of reference ensures that meaning of messages cannot always be fixed or (static) B. A recipient subjectively participates in understanding and interpreting the world C. Perception and observation from subjective experiences of people studied D. Trying to understand how people interpret written text and mass media 1. Phenomenology and hermeneutics 2. Social and cultural reality 3. Cognitive theory and cultural studies 4. Cultural and feminist studies 26) Emoticons are nonverbal cues used in written communication. Identify the emoticon that you would use when you want to illustrate a frown in an email. 1. ;) 2.  3. :* 4. ☺ 27) When Rudzani’s third year class requested for an extension for an assignment which was given two months back, he responded harshly by saying “if you are serious you will submit, if not I will simply give you zero. It’s up to you.” This is the ___ function of nonverbal communication 1. Reinforcing 2. Complementing 3. Regulating 4. Replacing