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NUR 4120 Burn Injury notes exam 03.
Burn Injury
1) Statistics
a) 450,000 people treated for burns annually
b) 25,000 admitted to hospitals with burn centers
i) 44%: flame related
ii) 33% scald injuries
iii) 4% electrical
(1) lightning
iv) 3%
chemical
v) 1% inhalation only
2) Predictors for Mortality
a) Increased percent of TBSA burned
b) Presence of inhalation injury
c) Increased age
3) Severity of Burn
a) Determined by
i) Age of patient
(1) very young and old
ii) Depth of burn
iii) Amount of surface area burned
iv) Presence of inhalation injury
v) Presence of other injuries
vi) Location of injury:
(1) Face Eyes and ears - Disability
(2) perineum, infection because of elimination
(3) hands/feet Disability
vii) Past medical history
4) Functions of Skin
a) Protects against infection
b) Prevents loss of body fluids
c) Controls body temperature
d) Functions as sensory organ
5) Layers of Injury
a) Epidermis
b) Dermis
c) Subcutaneous
d) Muscles
e) Bone
6) Classification of Burn Injury
a) Treatment of burn related to severity of injury:
i) Depth of burn
ii) Extent of burn (TBSA)
7) Depth of Burn
a) Classified according to depth of tissue destruction
i) How did the injury occur? (flame, scald)
ii) Temperature and duration of contact with causative agent
iii) Thickness of skin
b) First Degree (Superficial)
c) Second Degree (Partial thickness)
d) Third Degree (Full thickness)
, 2
e) Fourth Degree (Full thickness that includes fat, fascia, muscle and/or bone)
8) First Degree NO BLISTERS
a) Causes
i) Sunburn
ii) Low-intensity flash
iii) Superficial scald
b) Skin involved
i) Epidermis
ii) Portion of dermis
c) Clinical Manifestations
i) Tingling
ii) Hyperesthesia (hypersensitivity)
iii) Pain soothed by cooling
iv) Peeling
v) Itching as it heals
(1) Aloe
d) Wound
Appearance
i) Reddened, dry
ii) Blanches with pressure
iii) Minimal or nor edema
e) Recuperative Course and Treatment
i) Complete recovery within a few days
ii) Oral pain medications, cool compress, skin lubricants, topical antimicrobial agents NOT indicated
9) Second Degree TOP LAYERS GONE, BLISTERS w wheeping, PARTIAL THICKNESS, RED, PINK AND SHINY
a) Causes
i) Scalds
ii) Flash flame
iii) Contact
b) Skin involved
i) Epidermis
ii) Portion of dermis
c) Clinical Manifestations
i) Pain
ii) Hyperesthesia
iii) Sensitive to air currents
d) Wound Appearance
i) Blistered
ii) Mottled
iii) Red base
iv) Weeping
v) Edema
e) Recuperative Course and Treatment
i) Recovery 2-3 weeks
ii) Some scarring and depigmentation possible
(1) The dermis contains the cells that will generate new skin cells. So if its burned
iii) May require grating
10) Third Degree FULL THICKNESS, WILL SEE WHITE OR DARK MAT
a) Causes
i) Flame
ii) Prolonged exposure to hot liquids
iii) Electric current
iv) Chemical
v) Contact
NUR 4120 Burn Injury notes exam 03.
Burn Injury
1) Statistics
a) 450,000 people treated for burns annually
b) 25,000 admitted to hospitals with burn centers
i) 44%: flame related
ii) 33% scald injuries
iii) 4% electrical
(1) lightning
iv) 3%
chemical
v) 1% inhalation only
2) Predictors for Mortality
a) Increased percent of TBSA burned
b) Presence of inhalation injury
c) Increased age
3) Severity of Burn
a) Determined by
i) Age of patient
(1) very young and old
ii) Depth of burn
iii) Amount of surface area burned
iv) Presence of inhalation injury
v) Presence of other injuries
vi) Location of injury:
(1) Face Eyes and ears - Disability
(2) perineum, infection because of elimination
(3) hands/feet Disability
vii) Past medical history
4) Functions of Skin
a) Protects against infection
b) Prevents loss of body fluids
c) Controls body temperature
d) Functions as sensory organ
5) Layers of Injury
a) Epidermis
b) Dermis
c) Subcutaneous
d) Muscles
e) Bone
6) Classification of Burn Injury
a) Treatment of burn related to severity of injury:
i) Depth of burn
ii) Extent of burn (TBSA)
7) Depth of Burn
a) Classified according to depth of tissue destruction
i) How did the injury occur? (flame, scald)
ii) Temperature and duration of contact with causative agent
iii) Thickness of skin
b) First Degree (Superficial)
c) Second Degree (Partial thickness)
d) Third Degree (Full thickness)
, 2
e) Fourth Degree (Full thickness that includes fat, fascia, muscle and/or bone)
8) First Degree NO BLISTERS
a) Causes
i) Sunburn
ii) Low-intensity flash
iii) Superficial scald
b) Skin involved
i) Epidermis
ii) Portion of dermis
c) Clinical Manifestations
i) Tingling
ii) Hyperesthesia (hypersensitivity)
iii) Pain soothed by cooling
iv) Peeling
v) Itching as it heals
(1) Aloe
d) Wound
Appearance
i) Reddened, dry
ii) Blanches with pressure
iii) Minimal or nor edema
e) Recuperative Course and Treatment
i) Complete recovery within a few days
ii) Oral pain medications, cool compress, skin lubricants, topical antimicrobial agents NOT indicated
9) Second Degree TOP LAYERS GONE, BLISTERS w wheeping, PARTIAL THICKNESS, RED, PINK AND SHINY
a) Causes
i) Scalds
ii) Flash flame
iii) Contact
b) Skin involved
i) Epidermis
ii) Portion of dermis
c) Clinical Manifestations
i) Pain
ii) Hyperesthesia
iii) Sensitive to air currents
d) Wound Appearance
i) Blistered
ii) Mottled
iii) Red base
iv) Weeping
v) Edema
e) Recuperative Course and Treatment
i) Recovery 2-3 weeks
ii) Some scarring and depigmentation possible
(1) The dermis contains the cells that will generate new skin cells. So if its burned
iii) May require grating
10) Third Degree FULL THICKNESS, WILL SEE WHITE OR DARK MAT
a) Causes
i) Flame
ii) Prolonged exposure to hot liquids
iii) Electric current
iv) Chemical
v) Contact
