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Development-14th-Edition-by-Santrock-
CHAPTER 4: PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Identify a disadvantage related to breast feeding, especially in the context of
impoverished African countries.
a. The risk of passing HIV to the babies through breast milk if the mothers have the virus.
b. Breast milk is less hygienic than infant formula.
c. Breast feeding is more expensive than bottle-feeding programs.
d. Mothers who breast feed have a higher risk of breast and ovarian cancer.
Answer: a
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 110
2. The cephalocaudal pattern is the sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs
at the:
a. center of the body and then moves toward the extremities
b. spinal cord and then expands out to the limbs and head
c. top—the head—with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working
their way down from top to bottom
d. bottom—the feet—with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually
working their way up till the head
Answer: c
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 110
3. Infants can see objects before they can control their torso, and they can use their hands
long before they can crawl or walk. This would indicate that they have a _____ pattern of
growth.
a. proximodistal
b. proximocaudal
c. cephalodistal
d. cephalocaudal
Answer: d
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 110
4. The _____ pattern of growth is the sequence in which growth starts at the center of the
body and moves toward the extremities.
a. proximodistal
b. proximocaudal
c. cephalocaudal
d. cephalodistal
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Answer: a
Difficulty Level: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 110
5. Infants control the muscles of their trunk and arms before they control their hands and
fingers, and they use their whole hands before they can control several fingers. This
indicates a _____ pattern of growth.
a. proximodistal
b. cephalocaudal
c. proximocaudal
d. cephalodistal
Answer: a
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 110
6. In the first several days of life, most newborns lose _____ percent of their body weight
before they adjust to feeding by sucking, swallowing, and digesting.
a. 5 to 7
b. 15 to 20
c. 1 to 2
d. 35 to 40
Answer: a
Difficulty Level: Hard
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 111
7. Jerome weighed in at 4.5 pounds when he was born. Compared to other newborns in
North America, his weight is:
a. less than the average.
b. average.
c. about average.
d. higher than the average.
Answer: a
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Apply
Page(s): 111
8. Infants usually double their birth weight by the age of:
a. one month.
b. one year.
c. four months.
d. eight months.
Answer: c
Difficulty Level: Hard
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Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 111
9. Infants would nearly have tripled their birth weight by the age of:
a. two years.
b. one year.
c. four months.
d. six months
Answer: b
Difficulty Level: Hard
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 111
10. By two years of age, children have reached about _____ of their adult weight and
about _____ of their adult height.
a. one-half; one-fourth
b. one-fifth; one-half
c. one-third; two-third
d. one-fourth; one-fourth
Answer: b
Difficulty Level: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 111
11. Which of the following statements is true about brain development?
a. The brain grows exponentially from conception to birth causing the brain to be
completely developed at birth.
b. The process of brain development continues through the first year after birth and then
stops.
c. Extensive brain development continues after birth, through infancy and later.
d. Brain development continues after birth only among premature babies.
Answer: c
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 111
12. Shaken baby syndrome causes several symptoms including:
a. brain swelling and hemorrhaging.
b. brain tumors.
c. cardiac arrest.
d. swelling of the arms and legs.
Answer: a
Difficulty Level: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 111
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13. Which of the following technologies, a measure of the brain’s electrical activity, have
researchers been able to use successfully to learn about the brain’s development in
infancy?
a. Positron-emission tomography (PET) scans
b. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
c. Brain electron sampling (BES)
d. Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Answer: d
Difficulty Level: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 112
14. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
for studying brain development in infants?
a. A large amount of radiation is released which may harm the infants.
b. Infants wiggle too much for technicians to capture accurate images.
c. An MRI is more suitable for studying bones than brain matter.
d. The cost of MRI scans is too high.
Answer: b
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 112
15. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using positron-emission tomography
(PET) scans for studying brain development in babies?
a. They are not cost-effective.
b. Movements of the infant make scanning impossible.
c. They pose a radiation risk to babies.
d. They give inaccurate images of the brain.
Answer: c
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 112
16. At birth, the newborn’s brain is about _____ percent of its adult weight.
a. 10
b. 25
c. 50
d. 75
Answer: b
Difficulty Level: Hard
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 112
17. By the second birthday, a toddler’s brain is about _____ percent of its adult weight.
a. 25
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Development-14th-Edition-by-Santrock-
CHAPTER 4: PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Identify a disadvantage related to breast feeding, especially in the context of
impoverished African countries.
a. The risk of passing HIV to the babies through breast milk if the mothers have the virus.
b. Breast milk is less hygienic than infant formula.
c. Breast feeding is more expensive than bottle-feeding programs.
d. Mothers who breast feed have a higher risk of breast and ovarian cancer.
Answer: a
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 110
2. The cephalocaudal pattern is the sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs
at the:
a. center of the body and then moves toward the extremities
b. spinal cord and then expands out to the limbs and head
c. top—the head—with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working
their way down from top to bottom
d. bottom—the feet—with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually
working their way up till the head
Answer: c
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 110
3. Infants can see objects before they can control their torso, and they can use their hands
long before they can crawl or walk. This would indicate that they have a _____ pattern of
growth.
a. proximodistal
b. proximocaudal
c. cephalodistal
d. cephalocaudal
Answer: d
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 110
4. The _____ pattern of growth is the sequence in which growth starts at the center of the
body and moves toward the extremities.
a. proximodistal
b. proximocaudal
c. cephalocaudal
d. cephalodistal
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Development-14th-Edition-by-Santrock-
Answer: a
Difficulty Level: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 110
5. Infants control the muscles of their trunk and arms before they control their hands and
fingers, and they use their whole hands before they can control several fingers. This
indicates a _____ pattern of growth.
a. proximodistal
b. cephalocaudal
c. proximocaudal
d. cephalodistal
Answer: a
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 110
6. In the first several days of life, most newborns lose _____ percent of their body weight
before they adjust to feeding by sucking, swallowing, and digesting.
a. 5 to 7
b. 15 to 20
c. 1 to 2
d. 35 to 40
Answer: a
Difficulty Level: Hard
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 111
7. Jerome weighed in at 4.5 pounds when he was born. Compared to other newborns in
North America, his weight is:
a. less than the average.
b. average.
c. about average.
d. higher than the average.
Answer: a
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Apply
Page(s): 111
8. Infants usually double their birth weight by the age of:
a. one month.
b. one year.
c. four months.
d. eight months.
Answer: c
Difficulty Level: Hard
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Development-14th-Edition-by-Santrock-
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 111
9. Infants would nearly have tripled their birth weight by the age of:
a. two years.
b. one year.
c. four months.
d. six months
Answer: b
Difficulty Level: Hard
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 111
10. By two years of age, children have reached about _____ of their adult weight and
about _____ of their adult height.
a. one-half; one-fourth
b. one-fifth; one-half
c. one-third; two-third
d. one-fourth; one-fourth
Answer: b
Difficulty Level: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 111
11. Which of the following statements is true about brain development?
a. The brain grows exponentially from conception to birth causing the brain to be
completely developed at birth.
b. The process of brain development continues through the first year after birth and then
stops.
c. Extensive brain development continues after birth, through infancy and later.
d. Brain development continues after birth only among premature babies.
Answer: c
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 111
12. Shaken baby syndrome causes several symptoms including:
a. brain swelling and hemorrhaging.
b. brain tumors.
c. cardiac arrest.
d. swelling of the arms and legs.
Answer: a
Difficulty Level: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 111
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, Full file at http://testbanksinstant.eu/ Test-Bank-for-Life-Span-
Development-14th-Edition-by-Santrock-
13. Which of the following technologies, a measure of the brain’s electrical activity, have
researchers been able to use successfully to learn about the brain’s development in
infancy?
a. Positron-emission tomography (PET) scans
b. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
c. Brain electron sampling (BES)
d. Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Answer: d
Difficulty Level: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 112
14. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
for studying brain development in infants?
a. A large amount of radiation is released which may harm the infants.
b. Infants wiggle too much for technicians to capture accurate images.
c. An MRI is more suitable for studying bones than brain matter.
d. The cost of MRI scans is too high.
Answer: b
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 112
15. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using positron-emission tomography
(PET) scans for studying brain development in babies?
a. They are not cost-effective.
b. Movements of the infant make scanning impossible.
c. They pose a radiation risk to babies.
d. They give inaccurate images of the brain.
Answer: c
Difficulty Level: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Page(s): 112
16. At birth, the newborn’s brain is about _____ percent of its adult weight.
a. 10
b. 25
c. 50
d. 75
Answer: b
Difficulty Level: Hard
Blooms: Remember
Page(s): 112
17. By the second birthday, a toddler’s brain is about _____ percent of its adult weight.
a. 25
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