Sophia US History 1 Final Milestone Questions And Answers 2020|2021 Latest Version Grade A

Sophia US History 1 Final Milestone 1 Which of the following officially ended the Civil War? • The surrenders of Lee and Johnston • The Emancipation Proclamation • The Wade-Davis Bill • The capture of Richmond CONCEPT The End of the War 2 Which of the following motives was common among Patriots? • Many wished to overthrow King George III and elect a new king. • They wanted to restore order to the colonies. • They were determined to fight until Parliament would listen to their demands. • Many viewed themselves as carrying on the legacy of the Glorious Revolution. CONCEPT Choosing Sides in the American Revolution 3 Which of the following was a key motive for Spain's colonization of Florida? • There were no European settlements in Florida prior to the founding of St. Augustine by the Spanish. • Privateers from other European countries were using Florida as a base from which to attack Spanish ships. • The native Timucua were immune to European diseases and thus made a strong ally for Spain. • Large deposits of easily accessible silver and gold were found throughout the entire peninsula. CONCEPT Spanish Contact 4 Fabiola gives a presentation on the relationship between antibiotics and changes in quality of life in 20th century America. Which of the following is most likely a lens with which she is analyzing the past? • Gender • Class • Science • Law CONCEPT The Lenses of History 5 Under Pennsylvania's 1776 constitution, any man who was 21 or older, paid taxes and had lived in one place for a year could vote. At the time, how did Pennsylvania's voter requirements compare with those of other states? • They were fairly representative of the laws in other states. • Voter requirements differed wildly from state to state, so it's hard to compare. • They were among the most restrictive requirements in the new country. • They were the most relaxed of the thirteen original states. CONCEPT Creating a Republic 6 Which of the following statements about the divided political climate during the administrations of George Washington and John Adams is true? • John Adams signed the Alien and Sedition Acts to reverse the positions Washington had held. • Voters were angered that much of the conflict between the two parties happened in private. • Partisan newspapers incited criticism of, and dissatisfaction with, the administrations. • The administrations of Washington and Adams represented the Anti-Federalist party and its economic policies. CONCEPT Partisan Politics 7 Henry Clinton was an important figure in the Revolutionary War. Select the statement that correctly identifies him. • “To sustain the Revolution through the winter months, I launched surprise attacks at Trenton and Princeton.” • "My troops forced the surrender of Charleston, from which I led a new military government." • “I was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army by the Continental Congress." • “I was forced to surrender my army of 5,000 soldiers to the Continental Army at Saratoga.” CONCEPT The American War for Independence, Which country eventually came to dominate the Atlantic slave trade? • Spain • Portugal • France • England CONCEPT The Atlantic World 9 Which of the following motives played the biggest role in the European discovery of the New World? • Obtaining goods like spices and silk from civilizations in Asia • Making world maps more accurate and complete • Finding new civilizations in which to spread Christianity • Looking for new nations with which to form alliances CONCEPT Maritime Exploration 10 Which of the following was an advantage for the Union in the Civil War? • The South's refusal to institute a draft • A relatively simple mission • More developed infrastructure • Easy victories in Richmond and Vicksburg CONCEPT The Civil War 11 Which of the following statements about the southern economy before the Civil War is true? • The slave population continued to grow as new slaves were imported from abroad. • The southern climate was ideal for the cultivation of cotton. • Cotton was important in the South, but not to the nation as a whole. • Slavery began to diminish after the invention of the cotton gin. CONCEPT The Southern Economy 12 Which of the following statements is characteristic of John Calvin's teaching? • "The Catholic Church has become corrupt and needs to be reformed in these ninety-five ways." • "Annulment of marriage should be allowed if the wife fails to deliver a male child." • "God selects only a few for salvation and damns the rest." • "The scriptures shall be accessible to royalty only." CONCEPT English Contact 13 Which of the following statements is true? • Historians often see past events through the lenses of their own ideas and values. • The only way to learn about history is to research the works of previous historians. • Historians must take all primary and secondary sources at their word. • Historians generally agree on the best ways to interpret past events. CONCEPT The Historian's Practice 14 Which of the following led to England's acquisition of the middle colonies? • King Charles II needed a place to send Quakers and other groups he didn't like into exile. • King Charles II wanted peace with the Dutch, so he traded military support for land in the New World. • King Charles II believed that England had a right to all the land between its northern and southern colonies. • King Charles II settled political unrest in England by waging war against the Dutch, a common enemy. CONCEPT Settling the Middle Colonies 15 Read the quotation about a vision for American society after the American Revolution. “An equality of property, with a necessity of alienation, constantly operating to destroy combinations of powerful families, is the very soul of a republic—while this continues, the people will inevitably possess both power and freedom; when this is lost, power departs, liberty expires, and a commonwealth will inevitably assume some other form." According to this speaker, what is at the root of a republican society? • Racial equality • Natural liberty • Religious freedom • Widespread ownership of land CONCEPT Think About It: What Did the American Revolution Mean? 16 Which of the following happened as a result of the French and Indian War? • France lost all its holdings in North America and the Caribbean, while England retained all of its territory and gained some. • Native tribes learned they could manipulate the rivalries between France and England for their own benefit. • The bond between colonists and the English back home was strengthened after fighting a common enemy. • England gained French lands east of the Mississippi River and Spain got everything to the west. CONCEPT The French and Indian War 17 Which of the following supported the criticisms of Presidential Reconstruction by Radical Republicans in Congress? • All men were given the right to vote, regardless of skin color. • Southern states ratified the 13th Amendment. • Southerners elected former Confederate officials to Congress. • Southern states refused to abide by the terms of Presidential Reconstruction. CONCEPT Reconstructing the South 18 Which of the following statements about the putting-out system is true? • The putting-out system allowed merchants to rely on unskilled labor, which cut production costs. • The putting-out system was burdensome on workers, who had to go through apprenticeships to become journeymen. • The putting-out system was instituted by the federal government to gain economic dominance abroad. • The putting-out system was proposed as an alternative to slave labor and indentured servitude. CONCEPT Market Revolution and Economic Changes 19 Why did the Committee of Merchants for the Relief of Colored People Suffering from the Late Riots emphasize that Peter Heuston's "wife died about three weeks before the riots, leaving with her husband an only child... aged eight years"? • They wanted to show that Native Americans were subject to the same kinds of treatment as African Americans. • They wanted to show the pain the rioters caused for the now-orphaned child, who had only recently lost her mother. • They wanted people to realize that racial minorities were already victims of oppression before the riots began. • They wanted rioters to take responsibility for the damage they caused by raising the children who were orphans because of the riots. CONCEPT Perspectives on Emancipation 20 Which of the following acts of the First Continental Congress foreshadowed the creation of an independent colonial government? • The Congress imposed its own taxes on British imports and denied representation to the crown. • The Congress petitioned George III as though it were a foreign government seeking aide. • The Congress declared independence from Britain and recommended that a constitution be drafted. • The Congress recommended that each colony build militias to defend against the British. CONCEPT Path to Revolution 21 Which statement best summarizes the "concurrent majority," an idea advanced by John C. Calhoun to protect slavery in the 19th century? • Congress should represent the majority opinion, to prevent minority groups from seizing power. • A Democratic majority was a threat to the Whig minority. • A minority should leave a political community if the majority infringes upon its rights. • The majority’s interests should be offset with measures that protect regional minority interests. CONCEPT Slavery in the United States in the 19th Century 22 Which of the following factors contributed to many Americans voting strictly along party lines? • Third parties were made illegal under the Alien and Sedition Acts, signed by John Adams. • Revolutionary ideology emphasized loyalty to one's political party regardless of the candidates. • Ballots were secret, making it easier for a person to vote along party lines. • Voting was a public affair, so people often felt pressure to vote in a particular way. CONCEPT The Promise and Limits of Democracy 23 Which statement best reflects the beliefs of opponents to slavery motivated by free labor ideology? • “Colonization as a solution to slavery merely deepens racism and perpetuates wicked practices.” • “The institution of slavery creates a leisure class that unfairly exploits the work of others.” • "We believe all African Americans have the right to become equal citizens in the United States." • “Slavery is a societal evil and our country will be judged negatively by other nations for condoning it.” CONCEPT The Abolitionist Movement 24 What was the significance of the Barbary Wars to the United States? • It asserted the young nation's independence and the ability of the U.S. Navy to defend itself. • It represented the primary foreign relations challenge for the United States in the early 1800s. • It was a show of Democratic-Republican power and was wildly unpopular among the Federalists. • It ended the practice of impressment on the high seas. CONCEPT Looking East 25 Which statement reflects an idea or attitude associated with the Enlightenment? • “We are citizens of the world and open-minded to new ideas and ways of thinking.” • “God gave the right to rule to the king, and we must never question his will.” • “Our traditions are sacred and have been proven true by our own experiences.” • “Religious figures remain the traditional and most trusted sources of truth and understanding." CONCEPT The Enlightenment and the Colonies