AGNP BOARD PEDIATRICS ASSESSMENT Q & A WITH
EXPLANATIONS
Question:
A child sustained a "full-thickness" burn injury. This type injury involves
tissue destruction down to the:
epidermi
s.
dermis.
subcutaneous tissue. Correct
internal organs.
Explanation:
A full-thickness burn involves all skin layers, including the epidermis, dermis,
and the subcutaneous tissue and fat. Muscles and tendons may be involved. A
superficial thickness burn involves the epidermis only. A superficial partial
thickness burn involves the epidermis and the dermis. A deep thickness burn
involves the entire layer of dermis, and is more severe than a superficial
partial thickness burn.
Question:
Which one of the following statements made by a mother indicates that her
5-month-old infant is ready for solid foods?
I find that she really has to be encouraged to
eat. She has just started to sit up without
support. Correct
When I give my baby solid foods, she has difficulty getting it to the back of
her throat to swallow.
She is in the 50th percentile on the growth chart.
Explanation:
The child's age, appetite, and growth rate are all factors that help determine
when to feed solid foods. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics
(AAP), semi-solid foods are a significant change and should not be introduced
until 6 months of age. This age usually coincides with the neuromuscular
, AGNP BOARD PEDIATRICS ASSESSMENT Q & A WITH
EXPLANATIONS
development necessary to eat solid foods. Before feeding solid foods, the
baby should be able to: swallow and digest semi-solid foods and sit up well
(an important step in order to be able to stay seated in a high chair to feed).
Maintain neck and head control while seated (a necessity in order to turn his
or
, AGNP BOARD PEDIATRICS ASSESSMENT Q & A WITH
EXPLANATIONS
her head to signal when he is finished eating), able to open his or her mouth
and move the tongue and lips well, (allowing the movement of food around the
mouth) and demonstrate an interest in food and eating solid foods.
Question:
When assessing the heart rate of a healthy 13-month-old child, which
one of the following sites is the most appropriate for this child?
Apical pulse at the 5th intercostal space right midclavicular line
Apical pulse between the 3rd and 4th intercostal space in the left
midclavicular line Correct
Apical pulse to the right of the midclavicular line in the 3rd
intercostal space Apical pulse in the 5th intercostal space left
midclavicular line
Explanation:
The apical pulse in a 13-month-old is auscultated for a full minute between
the 3rd and 4th intercostal space to the left of the midclavicular line. The
only time one would auscultate the right midclavicular line would be if the
child had situs inversus or dextrocardia.
Question:
An infant presents with an inappropriately increasing head circumference and
hydrocephalus confirmed by CT scan. In addition to these findings, which one
of the following would also be consistent with hydrocephalus?
A soft, low-pitched cry
Ability to be comforted
easily Tense, bulging
fontanels Correct
Appropriately increasing
weight
Explanation:
An infant with newly diagnosed hydrocephalus presents with a shrill and
, AGNP BOARD PEDIATRICS ASSESSMENT Q & A WITH
EXPLANATIONS
high-pitched cry. They are very irritable and do not comfort easily.
Additionally, the infant's fontanels are tense and bulging due to the
increased amount of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) being produced or not
being absorbed. These infants are very difficult feeders, so they often do not
gain weight appropriately.
Question:
Which of the following substances is found in the urine of a child suspected
of having post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
Blood and protein
Correct Bacteria and
ketones Glucose and
white blood cells Casts
and mucous threads
Explanation:
With post streptococcal (strep) glomerulonephritis, a child may have a
history of a recent strep infection (pharyngitis or impetigo). Proteinuria is
secondary to altered glomerular structure and functioning. Gross hematuria
causes the urine to be tea- colored. Bacteria, white blood cells and mucus
can be seen with urinary tract infections. Glucose and ketones present in the
urine may be associated with diabetes.
EXPLANATIONS
Question:
A child sustained a "full-thickness" burn injury. This type injury involves
tissue destruction down to the:
epidermi
s.
dermis.
subcutaneous tissue. Correct
internal organs.
Explanation:
A full-thickness burn involves all skin layers, including the epidermis, dermis,
and the subcutaneous tissue and fat. Muscles and tendons may be involved. A
superficial thickness burn involves the epidermis only. A superficial partial
thickness burn involves the epidermis and the dermis. A deep thickness burn
involves the entire layer of dermis, and is more severe than a superficial
partial thickness burn.
Question:
Which one of the following statements made by a mother indicates that her
5-month-old infant is ready for solid foods?
I find that she really has to be encouraged to
eat. She has just started to sit up without
support. Correct
When I give my baby solid foods, she has difficulty getting it to the back of
her throat to swallow.
She is in the 50th percentile on the growth chart.
Explanation:
The child's age, appetite, and growth rate are all factors that help determine
when to feed solid foods. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics
(AAP), semi-solid foods are a significant change and should not be introduced
until 6 months of age. This age usually coincides with the neuromuscular
, AGNP BOARD PEDIATRICS ASSESSMENT Q & A WITH
EXPLANATIONS
development necessary to eat solid foods. Before feeding solid foods, the
baby should be able to: swallow and digest semi-solid foods and sit up well
(an important step in order to be able to stay seated in a high chair to feed).
Maintain neck and head control while seated (a necessity in order to turn his
or
, AGNP BOARD PEDIATRICS ASSESSMENT Q & A WITH
EXPLANATIONS
her head to signal when he is finished eating), able to open his or her mouth
and move the tongue and lips well, (allowing the movement of food around the
mouth) and demonstrate an interest in food and eating solid foods.
Question:
When assessing the heart rate of a healthy 13-month-old child, which
one of the following sites is the most appropriate for this child?
Apical pulse at the 5th intercostal space right midclavicular line
Apical pulse between the 3rd and 4th intercostal space in the left
midclavicular line Correct
Apical pulse to the right of the midclavicular line in the 3rd
intercostal space Apical pulse in the 5th intercostal space left
midclavicular line
Explanation:
The apical pulse in a 13-month-old is auscultated for a full minute between
the 3rd and 4th intercostal space to the left of the midclavicular line. The
only time one would auscultate the right midclavicular line would be if the
child had situs inversus or dextrocardia.
Question:
An infant presents with an inappropriately increasing head circumference and
hydrocephalus confirmed by CT scan. In addition to these findings, which one
of the following would also be consistent with hydrocephalus?
A soft, low-pitched cry
Ability to be comforted
easily Tense, bulging
fontanels Correct
Appropriately increasing
weight
Explanation:
An infant with newly diagnosed hydrocephalus presents with a shrill and
, AGNP BOARD PEDIATRICS ASSESSMENT Q & A WITH
EXPLANATIONS
high-pitched cry. They are very irritable and do not comfort easily.
Additionally, the infant's fontanels are tense and bulging due to the
increased amount of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) being produced or not
being absorbed. These infants are very difficult feeders, so they often do not
gain weight appropriately.
Question:
Which of the following substances is found in the urine of a child suspected
of having post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
Blood and protein
Correct Bacteria and
ketones Glucose and
white blood cells Casts
and mucous threads
Explanation:
With post streptococcal (strep) glomerulonephritis, a child may have a
history of a recent strep infection (pharyngitis or impetigo). Proteinuria is
secondary to altered glomerular structure and functioning. Gross hematuria
causes the urine to be tea- colored. Bacteria, white blood cells and mucus
can be seen with urinary tract infections. Glucose and ketones present in the
urine may be associated with diabetes.
