N100 Fundamentals of Nursing
1. A nurse is preparing to administer glipizide (Glucotrol) 5 mg PO hs. Which of
the following is the appropriate time for the nurse to administer the
medication?
1. After meals
2. Before meals
3. As needed
4. At bedtime
2. A nurse manager is reviewing a client’s medical record and discovers that the
client received a double dose of a prescribed medication. Which of the
following actions should the nurse manager take first?
1. Complete an incident report
2. Notify the provider about the medication error
3. Assess the client for adverse effects
4. Report the error to the risk manager
3. Bethany is getting Mrs. Wilson’s medications together to take in to her before
breakfast. The NSAID (Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) says that it must be
given with food. What should Bethany do about administering this medication to
Mrs. Wilson?
1. Give that medication with the other morning medications. It won’t hurt as
long as she eats soon
2. Take the medication in with the rest of the medications, but tell Mrs. Wilson
not to take it until she eats breakfast
3. Administer the medication after the meal has been served, and ensure that
Mrs. Wilson is eating
4. Do not administer the medication because it is not scheduled at the same
time as the others
4. A medication is prescribed for the client and is to be administered by IV
injection. Which is a priority for the nurse before the administration of
medication via this route?
1. Set the rate of the IV infusion
2. Check the client’s mental alertness
3. Confirm placement of the IV line
4. Delegate administration to a licensed vocational nurse
5. The order is for Amoxicillin 750 mg po BID. How many capsules should be
given to the client at 0900 if each capsule is 250 mg?
1. 1 capsule
2. 2 capsules
3. 3 capsules
4. 3.5 capsules
6. The nurse puts elastic stockings (TEDs) on a patient following major
abdominal surgery. The nurse teaches the patient that the stockings are used
after a surgical procedure to?
1. Prevent varicose veins
2. Prevent muscular atrophy
, 3. Ensure joint mobility and prevent contractures
4. Promote venous return to the heart
7. Arterial blood gas levels are obtained for the client. If the client’s results are
pH 7.30, CO2 42 mm Hg, and HCO3 20 mEq/L, the client is exhibiting which
one of the following acid- base imbalances?
1. Metabolic acidosis
2. Respiratory acidosis
3. Metabolic alkalosis
4. Respiratory alkalosis
8. A client demonstrates anger when the nurse does not respond within 5 minutes
of ringing for the nurse. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the
nurse?
1. “We had an emergency on the unit, but now I’m here”
2. “I arrived as soon as I could. What can I do for you?”
3. “I’m sorry, but another client needed my attention”
4. “It must be frustrating. I have a few minutes now”
9. Based on the imbalance that is present, the nurse recognizes that the client will
require fluid replacement with isotonic solution. Which of the following may the
health care provider order?
1. 0.45% saline
2. 0.9 % saline
3. 5% dextrose in normal saline
4. 5% dextrose in lactated Ringer’s
10.A client is prescribed a hypotonic solution. The nurse knows that the primary
goal of such intravenous therapy is to?
1. Expand the volume of fluid in the vascular system
2. Pull fluid from the cells
3. Keep protein levels normal
4. Move fluid into the cells
11.A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who has a nasogastric tube set to
low intermittent suction. An IV of 5% dextrose with 0.45% sodium chloride
and 20 mEq of potassium is ordered to primarily prevent which condition?
a. Constipation b. Dehydration
c. Electrolyte imbalance d. Nausea and vomiting
12.The nurse who assesses a client with hypovolemia is most likely to find which
one of the following?
1. Moist oral mucous membranes
2. Dependent ankle edema
3. Capillary refill rate prolonged
4. Distended neck veins
13.The nurse is aware that which electrolyte is within its normal range?
, 1. Na+ = 120-130 mEq/L
2. K+ = 2.5-3.5 mEq/L
3. Mg+ = 2.5-4.5 mEq/L
4. Ca+ = 8.5-10.5 mg/dL
14.The nurse is aware that which electrolyte is within its normal range?
1. Na+ = 145-165 mEq/L
2. K+ = 5.0-6.0 mEq/L
3. Mg+ = 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
4. I Ca+ = 3.5-4.5 mg/dL
15.A client’s serum potassium level is 3.3 mEq/L. Which body system should the
nurse prioritize when conducting a nursing assessment?
a. Neurological b. Cardiovascular c. Pulmonary
d. Hepatic
16.The nurse’s assessment reveals that the client with hypovolemia has postural
hypotension. Which of the following nursing precautions should the nurse
follow?
1. Keep side rails up and pad the bedrails
2. Provide two pillows to support the head and neck
3. Medicate the client to keep sedated
4. Teach client to call for assistance when getting out of bed
17.When assessing a client, the nurse observes a bounding rapid pulse and
rising blood pressure. These signs would most likely indicate?
1. Fluid deficit
2. Fluid overload
3. Third space shift
4. Hyponatremia
18.Which of these clients should the RN see first for possibly life threatening
fluid volume excess?
1. A 20 year old with a 5 year history of type 1 diabetes mellitus
2. An 88 year old with a fractured femur scheduled for surgery
3. A 65 year old recently diagnosed with congestive heart failure
4. A 50 year old with first degree burns on the ankles and feet
19.A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. The
client reports an urge to urinate. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
1. Replace the client’s current catheter with a new one
2. Check the catheter tubing for kinks and note the amount of urine
output in the drainage bag
3. Explain to the client that the urge to urinate is common in clients who
have urinary catheters
4. Remind the client that a catheter is in place and it is not necessary to
go to the bathroom
20.A 19 year old female was just diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. Which
is the best advice the nurse will give this client?
1. Avoid cranberry juice
2. Teach to clean from front to back after stool
3. Bathe in tub rather than shower
1. A nurse is preparing to administer glipizide (Glucotrol) 5 mg PO hs. Which of
the following is the appropriate time for the nurse to administer the
medication?
1. After meals
2. Before meals
3. As needed
4. At bedtime
2. A nurse manager is reviewing a client’s medical record and discovers that the
client received a double dose of a prescribed medication. Which of the
following actions should the nurse manager take first?
1. Complete an incident report
2. Notify the provider about the medication error
3. Assess the client for adverse effects
4. Report the error to the risk manager
3. Bethany is getting Mrs. Wilson’s medications together to take in to her before
breakfast. The NSAID (Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) says that it must be
given with food. What should Bethany do about administering this medication to
Mrs. Wilson?
1. Give that medication with the other morning medications. It won’t hurt as
long as she eats soon
2. Take the medication in with the rest of the medications, but tell Mrs. Wilson
not to take it until she eats breakfast
3. Administer the medication after the meal has been served, and ensure that
Mrs. Wilson is eating
4. Do not administer the medication because it is not scheduled at the same
time as the others
4. A medication is prescribed for the client and is to be administered by IV
injection. Which is a priority for the nurse before the administration of
medication via this route?
1. Set the rate of the IV infusion
2. Check the client’s mental alertness
3. Confirm placement of the IV line
4. Delegate administration to a licensed vocational nurse
5. The order is for Amoxicillin 750 mg po BID. How many capsules should be
given to the client at 0900 if each capsule is 250 mg?
1. 1 capsule
2. 2 capsules
3. 3 capsules
4. 3.5 capsules
6. The nurse puts elastic stockings (TEDs) on a patient following major
abdominal surgery. The nurse teaches the patient that the stockings are used
after a surgical procedure to?
1. Prevent varicose veins
2. Prevent muscular atrophy
, 3. Ensure joint mobility and prevent contractures
4. Promote venous return to the heart
7. Arterial blood gas levels are obtained for the client. If the client’s results are
pH 7.30, CO2 42 mm Hg, and HCO3 20 mEq/L, the client is exhibiting which
one of the following acid- base imbalances?
1. Metabolic acidosis
2. Respiratory acidosis
3. Metabolic alkalosis
4. Respiratory alkalosis
8. A client demonstrates anger when the nurse does not respond within 5 minutes
of ringing for the nurse. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the
nurse?
1. “We had an emergency on the unit, but now I’m here”
2. “I arrived as soon as I could. What can I do for you?”
3. “I’m sorry, but another client needed my attention”
4. “It must be frustrating. I have a few minutes now”
9. Based on the imbalance that is present, the nurse recognizes that the client will
require fluid replacement with isotonic solution. Which of the following may the
health care provider order?
1. 0.45% saline
2. 0.9 % saline
3. 5% dextrose in normal saline
4. 5% dextrose in lactated Ringer’s
10.A client is prescribed a hypotonic solution. The nurse knows that the primary
goal of such intravenous therapy is to?
1. Expand the volume of fluid in the vascular system
2. Pull fluid from the cells
3. Keep protein levels normal
4. Move fluid into the cells
11.A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who has a nasogastric tube set to
low intermittent suction. An IV of 5% dextrose with 0.45% sodium chloride
and 20 mEq of potassium is ordered to primarily prevent which condition?
a. Constipation b. Dehydration
c. Electrolyte imbalance d. Nausea and vomiting
12.The nurse who assesses a client with hypovolemia is most likely to find which
one of the following?
1. Moist oral mucous membranes
2. Dependent ankle edema
3. Capillary refill rate prolonged
4. Distended neck veins
13.The nurse is aware that which electrolyte is within its normal range?
, 1. Na+ = 120-130 mEq/L
2. K+ = 2.5-3.5 mEq/L
3. Mg+ = 2.5-4.5 mEq/L
4. Ca+ = 8.5-10.5 mg/dL
14.The nurse is aware that which electrolyte is within its normal range?
1. Na+ = 145-165 mEq/L
2. K+ = 5.0-6.0 mEq/L
3. Mg+ = 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
4. I Ca+ = 3.5-4.5 mg/dL
15.A client’s serum potassium level is 3.3 mEq/L. Which body system should the
nurse prioritize when conducting a nursing assessment?
a. Neurological b. Cardiovascular c. Pulmonary
d. Hepatic
16.The nurse’s assessment reveals that the client with hypovolemia has postural
hypotension. Which of the following nursing precautions should the nurse
follow?
1. Keep side rails up and pad the bedrails
2. Provide two pillows to support the head and neck
3. Medicate the client to keep sedated
4. Teach client to call for assistance when getting out of bed
17.When assessing a client, the nurse observes a bounding rapid pulse and
rising blood pressure. These signs would most likely indicate?
1. Fluid deficit
2. Fluid overload
3. Third space shift
4. Hyponatremia
18.Which of these clients should the RN see first for possibly life threatening
fluid volume excess?
1. A 20 year old with a 5 year history of type 1 diabetes mellitus
2. An 88 year old with a fractured femur scheduled for surgery
3. A 65 year old recently diagnosed with congestive heart failure
4. A 50 year old with first degree burns on the ankles and feet
19.A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. The
client reports an urge to urinate. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
1. Replace the client’s current catheter with a new one
2. Check the catheter tubing for kinks and note the amount of urine
output in the drainage bag
3. Explain to the client that the urge to urinate is common in clients who
have urinary catheters
4. Remind the client that a catheter is in place and it is not necessary to
go to the bathroom
20.A 19 year old female was just diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. Which
is the best advice the nurse will give this client?
1. Avoid cranberry juice
2. Teach to clean from front to back after stool
3. Bathe in tub rather than shower
