ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF Moringa oleifera STEM BARK EXTRACTS
AGAINST Colletotrichum musae CAUSING BANANA ANTHRACNOSE
A project proposal submitted for examination in fulfilment of the requirements for
Course Unit SBT 414 RESEARCH PROJECT in the BSC (Microbiology and
Biotechnology)
SCHOOL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
CBPS
UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI
JULY 2020
,DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this research proposal is my own work and to the best of my knowledge,
it contains no materials previously published or written by any other scholar for academic
purposes as partial requirement of any other institution of higher learning for the award of
diploma, certificate or degree in field of study.
I also declare that the intellectual content of this research proposal is the product of my own
work and that materials cited in this proposal that are not mine have been duly acknowledged.
FAITH TERRY APONDI
Registration Number: I23/4871/2017
Signature: ____________ Date: ____________
The research proposal has been submitted for examination with my approval as the
University supervisor.
Signature: ____________
Name : PROFF. RICHARD K. MIBEY Date: ____________
2
, Contents
DECLARATION ii
ABSTRACT iv
1.1 Background of the study v
1.2 Statement of the problem vi
1.3: Justification of the study vii
1.4 Objectives of the study vii
1.4.1 General objective vii
1.4.2 Specific objectives vii
The specific objectives were: vii
1.5 Significance of the study vii
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW viii
2.1 Description and health benefits of banana viii
2.2 Banana anthracnose disease xi
2.2.1 Etiology and symptoms of banana anthracnose xi
2.2.2 Symptoms of banana anthracnose disease xi
2.2.3 Effects of banana anthracnose disease xii
2.3 Control of banana anthracnose disease xii
2.3.2 Chemical control xii
2.3.3Bio-control using fungicides xiii
2.3.4 Biocontrol using plant extracts xiii
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS xv
3.1 Plant sample collection xv
3.2 Preparation of culture media xv
3.3 Preparation of Moringa oleifera bark extracts xv
3.4 Isolation and characterization of Colletotrichum musae xv
3.4.1 Microscopic identification of Colletotrichum musae xvi
3.4.2 Minimum Inhibition Assays xvi
4.1 Microscopic morphology of Colletotrichum musae xviii
4.1.1 Results of the subcultured colonies of the Colletotrichum representative isolates xix
4.3 Results from the MIC assay xx
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS xxii
3
AGAINST Colletotrichum musae CAUSING BANANA ANTHRACNOSE
A project proposal submitted for examination in fulfilment of the requirements for
Course Unit SBT 414 RESEARCH PROJECT in the BSC (Microbiology and
Biotechnology)
SCHOOL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
CBPS
UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI
JULY 2020
,DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this research proposal is my own work and to the best of my knowledge,
it contains no materials previously published or written by any other scholar for academic
purposes as partial requirement of any other institution of higher learning for the award of
diploma, certificate or degree in field of study.
I also declare that the intellectual content of this research proposal is the product of my own
work and that materials cited in this proposal that are not mine have been duly acknowledged.
FAITH TERRY APONDI
Registration Number: I23/4871/2017
Signature: ____________ Date: ____________
The research proposal has been submitted for examination with my approval as the
University supervisor.
Signature: ____________
Name : PROFF. RICHARD K. MIBEY Date: ____________
2
, Contents
DECLARATION ii
ABSTRACT iv
1.1 Background of the study v
1.2 Statement of the problem vi
1.3: Justification of the study vii
1.4 Objectives of the study vii
1.4.1 General objective vii
1.4.2 Specific objectives vii
The specific objectives were: vii
1.5 Significance of the study vii
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW viii
2.1 Description and health benefits of banana viii
2.2 Banana anthracnose disease xi
2.2.1 Etiology and symptoms of banana anthracnose xi
2.2.2 Symptoms of banana anthracnose disease xi
2.2.3 Effects of banana anthracnose disease xii
2.3 Control of banana anthracnose disease xii
2.3.2 Chemical control xii
2.3.3Bio-control using fungicides xiii
2.3.4 Biocontrol using plant extracts xiii
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS xv
3.1 Plant sample collection xv
3.2 Preparation of culture media xv
3.3 Preparation of Moringa oleifera bark extracts xv
3.4 Isolation and characterization of Colletotrichum musae xv
3.4.1 Microscopic identification of Colletotrichum musae xvi
3.4.2 Minimum Inhibition Assays xvi
4.1 Microscopic morphology of Colletotrichum musae xviii
4.1.1 Results of the subcultured colonies of the Colletotrichum representative isolates xix
4.3 Results from the MIC assay xx
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS xxii
3
