Visual Communication - Final Test EXAM PACK-BEST FOR 2022 ACTUAL EXAM

Visual Communication - Final Test Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in the story development process? • Creating the prototype • Storyboarding the script • Writing the script • Producing the script CONCEPT Storytelling 2 What is one reason why propaganda is influential? • It is created by the most talented designers. • It uses a poster format. • It takes perspectives from all sides into account. • It often presents only one side of an issue. RATIONALE Propaganda is influential because it often presents only one side of an issue. It does this to influence viewers' attitudes regarding a particular cause or position. CONCEPT Propaganda 3 With respect to infographics, why are referent graphics helpful? • They add color and life to an infographic, resulting in a more interesting layout. • They help to teach the concept presented in the material. • They refer to other common elements, enabling viewers to easily understand context. • They enable viewers to determine their location within an image. RATIONALE Referent graphics are helpful because they refer to other common elements, enabling viewers to easily understand context. CONCEPT Infographics 4 Which of the following is the name of the type family shown? • Sans serif • Italic • Baskerville • Semibold RATIONALE Baskerville is the name of the type family shown. Semibold refers to the weight or thickness of the type, while italic refers to the posture of the type, which slants to the right. CONCEPT Describing Type 5 If Roslyn loved the beautiful hues in the sunset last evening, what was it specifically that she loved? • She loved the saturation in the sky. • She loved the textures in the sky. • She loved the colors in the sky. • She loved the pattern in the sky. RATIONALE If Roslyn loved the hues in the sunset, she loved the colors in the sky. Hue is another word for color (e.g., red hue, blue hue, golden hue). Saturation refers to the intensity of hues, while patterns are elements that are arranged or repeat consistently. CONCEPT Color 6 Based on the listed characteristics, which item would be classified as a shape? • Three-dimensional and straight, angular lines • A plane, two coordinates, an identifiable boundary • Two-dimensional, three coordinates, rectilinear • A plane, curved boundary lines, depth RATIONALE Shapes are two-dimensional (i.e., they have two coordinates, height and width). They therefore lack depth, and have an identifiable boundary. CONCEPT Shape 7 What are some of the characteristics of the Blackletter typeface? • Blacketter was popularized by the Bauhaus movement and includes thin serifs. • Blacketter was based on ancient roman inscriptions and has a contrast between thick and thin strokes. • Blacketter was based on written manuscripts and has elaborate, angular strokes. • Blacketter originated in the 1400's and is known for its symmetry and strokes of even weight. RATIONALE The Blackletter typeface was developed in the 1400s and was based on written manuscripts with elaborate, angular strokes. CONCEPT History of Type 8 The visual communications theory that is used in many disciplines, and concerns itself with the study of signs and symbols, is __________. • montage theory • Gestalt theory • cognitive theory • semiotics RATIONALE Semiotics, or semiotic theory, is the study of how signs and symbols create their meaning. CONCEPT Semiotics 9 Which of the following statements describes the function of the figure/ground relationship? • It surrounds positive elements. • It enables the viewer to see perceived depth. • It differentiates form from shape. • It lays the foundation of the composition. RATIONALE The figure/ground relationship refers to the relationship between form in the foreground and space in the background. This relationship enables the viewer to perceive depth by making elements appear to be closer to or further from the viewer. CONCEPT Space 10 Which of the following terms describes the sketch in this photo? • Wireframe drawing • Bleed drawing • Modular drawing • WYSIWYG drawing RATIONALE The photo shows a sketch of a wireframe, a schematic diagram of the underlying structure of a webpage. CONCEPT Applications of Layout 11 Which of the following terms is related to the development of advertising? • Target audience • Unique selling proposition • All of the answer choices are correct. • Demographic CONCEPT Advertising 12 Which characteristic is a component of the line element in visual design? • Volume • Length • Shape • Balance RATIONALE Line is an element of visual design defined by length and direction. CONCEPT Line 13 Which of the following describes type weight? • The thickness of a letter stroke • The width of a letter stroke • The baseline of a letter stroke • The x-height of a letter stroke RATIONALE Type weight indicates the thickness of a letter stroke. A thick type weight is commonly referred to as bold. CONCEPT Weight & Width 14 What is a desired result of creating a design brief? • It will showcase the final product to your client. • It will enable you to accomplish project goals by choosing a strategy and stylistic approach. • It will make you aware of what your client's competition is doing. • It will give you insight into the client's budget and time constraints. RATIONALE A design brief enables you to achieve your goals by choosing a strategy and stylistic approach. A design brief provides an overview of the project, identifies a plan of action for its completion, and establishes a visual identity for the project. CONCEPT Plan 15 Which of the following is an example of subtractive color? • An image, shown on a television screen • A PowerPoint presentation, projected • A photograph, printed on paper • A page layout, displayed on a computer screen RATIONALE A photograph printed on paper is an example of subtractive color because pigment, not light, is used to create the mix of colors on the paper. CONCEPT Subtractive Color 16 How should designers present their work during a visual critique? • Confidently and objectively, pointing out formal qualities of the design • Colorfully, encouraging participants to get excited about the project • Interestingly, making sure to "sell" participants on the work • Quietly and humbly, to avoid influencing opinions RATIONALE Designers should present their work confidently and objectively, pointing out the formal qualities of the design. They should be uninfluenced by emotions or personal prejudices. CONCEPT Describing the Work 17 Which of the layout characteristics listed below is contained in this image? • Justified type • Headline • Right alignment • Left alignment RATIONALE The layout contains justified type, which are lines of type that align along both a left and a right margin to create blocks of text. CONCEPT Type Alignment 18 Which statement describes an aspect of the transmission model of communications? • It is used only in the disciplines of art and design. • Anything that interferes with the process is called noise. • The person who wants to communicate is known as the channel. • It is also known as semiotics. RATIONALE In the transmission model of communications, when a message is being channeled, it becomes susceptible to various dysfunctional factors that can interfere with the message. This interference is called noise. CONCEPT Visual Communications 19 Comparing the International Style Movement to the de Stijl Style Movement, which statement is accurate? • de Stijl and International Styles both focus on serif type arrangements. • de Stijl focuses on primary colors, while the International Style is not tied to a color scheme. • The de Stijl Style and International Style Movements both originated in Switzerland. • International Style is loose and decorative, while de Stijl Style is rigid and grid-based. RATIONALE When comparing the International Style Movement to the de Stijl Style Movement, de Stijl focuses on primary colors, while the International Style is not tied to a color scheme. CONCEPT The Grid 20 What is the equation used by a montage to label images? • A plus B equals C • A minus B equals C • A divided by B equals C • A plus B equals AB RATIONALE A + B = C is the equation used to define montage theory. Image A, followed by image B induces a logical next thought represented by image C. For example: image of a balloon (A) + image of a pin (B) = image of a startled person (C). CONCEPT Montage Theory 21 Which of the following best defines symmetrical balance in a design? • If you drew a line through the center of the design, both sides would be exactly the same. • If you drew a line through an off-center axis of the design, both sides would be exactly the same. • If you drew horizontal and vertical lines through an off-center axis of the design, both sides would be exactly the same. • If you divided the design into four quadrants, all four quadrants would look exactly the same. RATIONALE Symmetrical balance in a design can be demonstrated by a line drawn through the center of the design, which produces a result in which both sides of the design are exactly the same. CONCEPT Balance 22 Which of the following is an element of visual design? 1 Unity 2 Rhythm 3 Line 4 Balance RATIONALE Line is an element of design. Unity, balance, and rhythm are principles of design. CONCEPT Elements Overview 23 What are the goals of a critique? • To create and test a prototype • To evaluate and improve design work • To survey and conduct a focus group • To brainstorm and visualize ideas RATIONALE The goals of a critique are to evaluate and improve design work. During a critique, a diverse group of participants provides feedback that can be used to refine a design. CONCEPT The Critique 24 Which of the following color relationships is in this poster? • Analogous color • Split complementary color • Complementary color • Tertiary color RATIONALE The B.B. King poster uses purple and yellow which are complementary colors because they are located opposite each other on the color wheel. CONCEPT Color Relationships 25 Which of the statements below best describes the Gestalt Law of Common Fate? • Items that move in the same direction seem like a group. • Items that look alike seem like a group. • Items that are lined up seem like a group, even if they have missing parts. • Items that are close together seem like a group. RATIONALE Your eye will naturally group elements that appear to be moving in a similar direction towards a common end point, or fate. What are the goals of a critique? • To brainstorm and visualize ideas • To survey and conduct a focus group • To evaluate and improve design work • To create and test a prototype RATIONALE The goals of a critique are to evaluate and improve design work. During a critique, a diverse group of participants provides feedback that can be used to refine a design. CONCEPT The Critique 2 Which statement describes an aspect of the transmission model of communications? • Anything that interferes with the process is called noise. • The person who wants to communicate is known as the channel. • It is used only in the disciplines of art and design. • It is also known as semiotics. RATIONALE In the transmission model of communications, when a message is being channeled, it becomes susceptible to various dysfunctional factors that can interfere with the message. This interference is called noise. CONCEPT Visual Communications 3 How can comparison to music help you to visualize rhythm in design? • Think of repeated elements as the quiet spaces in music. • Think of repeated visual elements as a beat in music. • Think of rhythm in design as a musical climax. RATIONALE When attempting to visualize rhythm in design, think of the repetition of a visual element as a beat in music. CONCEPT Rhythm 4 Which of the following best defines dot? • Dot uses tension to anchor itself to any space. • Dot uses different design elements to show meaning in a given space. • Dot is a cluster of points that anchors itself to any space. • Dot is a complex made of size and shape that anchors itself to any space. RATIONALE When a series of dots or elements are grouped closely together, it is called a cluster. Tension can then be created between the dots, if one or several are moved closer than others. CONCEPT Dot 5 Which of the following is related to the term "specs?" • The process in which work is scrutinized and analyzed • The approach in which more information is acquired from the designer or artist • The visual design requirements • An expression that justifies the action CONCEPT Describing the Work 6 How does proportion help viewers to identify the scale of the building in the image? • The size of the bushes can be compared to the size of the building, giving a sense of scale to both the bushes and the building. • When compared to the sidewalk, the size of the statues near the entrance gives viewers a sense of how large the building is. • The size of the flag atop the building, compared to the size of the windows on the building, gives viewers a sense of how large the building is. RATIONALE By comparing the size of the bushes in the foreground to the size of the bushes closer to the building, one gets a sense of how large the building is, relative to the bushes. This provides a sense of scale to both the bushes and the building. 7 When laying out a project, why is it important to carefully consider spacing, typeface and posture? • These choices prevent designers from placing text too close together. • These choices enable designers to generate the most creative design possible. • These choices guide the eye to focus on the most important details first. • These choices produce easy reading, which is always the goal of design. RATIONALE When laying out a project, it's important to consider how spacing, typeface and posture guide the eye to focus on the most important details first. Spacing, typeface and posture play important roles in establishing a hierarchy within a layout or design. CONCEPT Type in Context 8 Select the option below that is one of the 7 hues of visible light. • Black • Violet • Beige • White RATIONALE The seven hues of visible light: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. These hues are arranged on the spectrum by wavelength. CONCEPT Color 9 Which of the following is the best definition of the creative process? • A series of market research activities used to complete a design project • A visual system used to help viewers to find a location • The organization of a series of design activities according to importance • A multi-step process used to complete a design project CONCEPT Creative Design Process 10 Which example represents proper usage of decorative type? • Anil uses decorative type for his entire paragraph to keep his design fun. • Margo uses decorative type for captions below photos in a magazine. • Patricia uses decorative type for her company website address on train station advertisements. • Cedric includes decorative type in his headline to draw attention to his design. RATIONALE Decorative text is generally best suited for titles or single letters because it can be hard to read in longer bodies of text. CONCEPT Italic, Script, and Decorative Type 11 How is unity shown in this painting? • Unity is shown by the individual brush strokes used throughout the painting. • Unity is shown by the placement of the houses and church between the foreground and background. • Unity is shown by the placement of the large dark tree on the left in the foreground of the painting. RATIONALE Unity is shown by the individual brush strokes used throughout the painting, which create visual oneness between all elements. CONCEPT Principles in Context 12 Which type classification that emerged during the early 1800s is characterized by letterforms with slab serifs? • Transitional • Egyptian • Modern • Old Style RATIONALE Egyptian is a type classification characterized by letterforms with thick serifs or "feet." CONCEPT History of Type 13 How is asymmetrical balance achieved in the painting below? • The artist uses a central focal point to create tension. • The artist uses visual weight from the ducks opposite the people. • The artist shows similar objects mirrored across the painting. RATIONALE In the painting, the artist uses smaller objects on one side (ducks) that are balanced by larger objects (people) on the other. CONCEPT Balance 14 Which of the following statements is true about this color wheel? • The color wheel uses a subtractive color model and is a circular arrangement of tones arranged by levels of saturation. • The color wheel uses the additive color model and is a circular arrangement of randomly ordered hues. • The color wheel is an additive color model and uses an arrangement of hues ordered by tertiary colors. • The color wheel uses the subtractive color model and is a circular arrangement of hues ordered as they appear in the light color spectrum. RATIONALE This color wheel uses the subtractive color model and displays a circular arrangement of hues ordered as they appear in the light color spectrum. In the additive color wheel, colors combine to create white, rather than black. CONCEPT The Color Wheel 15 Digital technology provided an improvement that freed designers from the limitations of __________. • OpenType • TrueType • monospaced type • proportional type RATIONALE Monospace is the type of letter spacing in which each character takes up the same amount of space. It was the common way to set type before advances in digital technology. Previously, designers manually maneuvered text to compose their layouts. Now they can use fonts that have been automatically adjusted — or that they can quickly and precisely adjust — via software programs. CONCEPT Influence of Technology 16 Which motion graphics designer created this distinctive movie poster? • Saul Bass • Masigmo Vignelli • Walt Disney • Josef Müller-Brockmann CONCEPT Motion Graphics 17 Which of the following correctly defines the saturation of a color? • The temperature of the color in degrees Kelvin • The lightness or darkness of the color • The intensity of the color • The transparency of a color RATIONALE Saturation refers to the intensity of a color, usually impacting the purity or vividness of a color. CONCEPT Properties of Color 18 What is the difference between geometric and organic form? • Geometric form lacks depth, and has two shapes. Organic form is defined by its simulation of natural substance, and is two-dimensional. • Geometric form is one-dimensional. Organic form is three-dimensional. • Geometric form can be mathematically constructed. Organic form is defined by its simulation of natural substance. • Geometric form is defined by a simulation of natural substance. Organic form is mathematically constructed. RATIONALE Think: Geometry = math, angles and hard edges, whereas Organic = natural, irregular, curvy and varied contours. CONCEPT Form 19 Which of the following is a principle of design? 1 Line 2 Emphasis 3 Dot 4 Pattern RATIONALE Emphasis is a principle of design. Dot, pattern and line are elements of design. CONCEPT Principles Overview 20 With respect to web design, which item correctly defines "mouse-over?" • A reaction on a screen caused by the use of an input device • A time-based design that includes elements that move • The development of pages transmitted across a worldwide network of computers • A wire map that requires a mouse CONCEPT Web Design 21 Which of the following statements about montage theory is NOT true? • It often depends on the use of conflicting or unrelated images. • A Russian psychologist, Lev Kuleshov, experimented with montage. • It makes use of slow transitions from scene to scene. • It was pioneered by filmmakers in Russia. RATIONALE Montage is a theory pioneered by a Russian filmmaker named Sergei Eisenstein. It uses quick cuts or transitions between images, often unrelated, one after another. Lev Kuleshov was a key figure in an aspect of the montage theory, learning that viewing one image followed by another induces a thought. Thus, slow transitions from scene to scene is not an attribute of, or related to, Montage theory. CONCEPT Montage Theory 22 [Digital image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from Why do fast-food chains use red and yellow? • To appeal to children and reduce stress • To lower your blood pressure, and catch your eye • To create a sense of mystery and raise your blood pressure • To trigger appetite, happiness, and attraction RATIONALE Many fast-food chains use red and yellow to trigger appetite, happiness and attraction. Red is often used to call attention, and to stimulate the sense of smell and appetite. Yellow is linked to warmth and happiness, but it can be overpowering when it is not paired with another color. CONCEPT Applications of Color 23 When creating a graphic on your computer screen for a website, which color system would you use? • Hexadecimal color • CMYK • PMS • Subtractive color RATIONALE When creating a graphic on computer screen for use on a website, hexadecimal color is used to assign six-digit values that are a combination of letters (A through F) and numerals (0 through 9). Each pair of characters corresponds to an RGB value, which is combined through the additive color process to create the color desired. Therefore, FFFFFF combines the maximum value of red, green and blue to create white, while combines the lowest value of red, green, blue to create black. CONCEPT Additive Color 24 What should designers gain from a critique that will enable them to improve their work? • Demographics of the target audience • A revised outline of the project scope • A quantitative analysis of the project • A list of actionable items to improve the design CONCEPT Strategizing to Improve the Work 25 Which term is part of the refinement step of the creative design process? • Collaboration • Mind-mapping • Market Research • Planning CONCEPT Refinement