BIO 202L Lab 16 The Digestive System (TOP SCORE) Questions and Answer elaborations | 100% correct solution

Student Name: Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): Pre-Lab Questions: 1. Explain the digestion that occurs in the oral cavity. It starts with the mouth you take in food it breaks them down mechanical and chemical. Then the bolus which helps the food move into the esophagus which then moves into the stomach. 2. What is the function of the liver in digestion? Once the food is in the stomach the liver helps produce bile which is stored in the gallbladder. 3. What role does the gallbladder play in digestion? The gallbladder stores the bile. 4. Why is the orientation of the muscle of the stomach wall important? How does this contribute to its function? The orientation of the muscle of the stomach wall is important because it helps the digestion system churn and mechanically break the food down. This contribution is function by then allows it easy access from the liver and changes the food into bile. Experiment 1: Microscopic Anatomy of the Digestive System Post-Lab Questions 1. Label the items in the following slide pictures. A- Lamina Propria B- Epithelia C- Submucosa D- Mucosal Glands E- Muscularis Interna Draw the digital slide of the esophagus. Insert your drawing here. Remember that your drawing should have your name and access code handwritten in the background. Draw the digital slide of the small intestine. Insert your drawing here. Remember that your drawing should have your name and access code handwritten in the background. Draw the digital slide of the stomach. Insert your drawing here. Remember that your drawing should have your name and access code handwritten in the background. Experiment 2: Virtual Model – Exploring the Digestive System Insert screenshot of the gallbladder: Insert screenshot of the vermiform appendix: Insert screenshot of the duodenum: Post-Lab Questions 1. Is the liver dorsal or ventral to the stomach? The liver is ventral to the stomach. 2. Is the gallbladder superior or inferior to the esophagus? The gallbladder is superior to the esophagus. 3. What digestive organ is the duodenum a part of? The duodenum is a part of the small intestine. 4. What is the initial part of the large intestine called? The initial part of the large intestine is called cecum. 5. What is the most inferior part of the digestive system? The most inferior part of the digestive system is the rectum. Experiment 3: Swallowing Post-Lab Questions 1. What did you notice about the movement of your tongue as you swallowed? I notice the movement of my tongue moves back when I swallow which I now know helps move it towards the bolus. 2. What did you notice about movement in the throat region when you swallowed? Be specific. I notice the movement of the throat region is like a wave pushing the water down and feels like my throat is full. 3. What sounds did you hear when you listened to water traveling to the stomach? The kind of sound I heard as I listened to the water traveling to my stomach was like a splash. Experiment 4: Chemical Digestion of Food: The Role of Enzymes Table 2: Color Observations Test Tube Initial Color Final Color 1 Clear Brown/Black 2 Clear Black 3 Clear Dark Purple 4 Clear Dark purple Post-Lab Questions 1. What is the purpose of mechanical digestion? The purpose of mechanical digestion is to allow the digestive system to break down food and enzymes occur. 2. Describe the color seen in each tube in terms of the amount of starch present. Explain why differences may exist. Looking over my tubes 1 and 2 were the same color and so 3 and 4 which meant one had more starch than the other. and I think this is because each had different amounts of crackers inside. 3. Why does amylase from saliva stop working in the stomach? What other organ produces amylase? Amylase stops working the stomach because it would become acidic and the pancreas produce amylase. 4. Why is it necessary to wait 10 minutes before adding an IKI solution to the test tubes? It’s necessary to wait 10mintues before adding an IKI solution test tube because then the saliva would have time to get into the food. Experiment 5: Fetal Pig Dissection of the Digestive System Insert photo of your pig’s exposed liver with your name and access code handwritten clearly in the background: Insert photo of your pig’s exposed stomach and small intestine with your name and access code handwritten clearly in the background: Post-Lab Questions 1. Briefly explain the process of digestion. The digestive system was easy for me to find because I easily have to spot the esophagus so I knew to stomach nearby. 2. What did the interior of the small intestine look like? What is it, and why is this structure important to the function of the small intestines? The interior of the small intestine looks curly. The small intestine helps push food from the stomach to other parts of the body. The structure is important to the function of the small intestine allows food to go where they need to go such as waste and nutrients. Show Less