VCE Health and Human Development
units 3&4
Biomedical model of health Answer- Focuses on the physical or biological aspects of
disease and is associated with the diagnosis, cure and treatment of disease. 'Fix-it'
approach to health care. Does not promote good health or prevent illness
Social Model of health Answer- based on understanding that health is linked to a range
of social, environmental and economic factors and the fundamental conditions for health
need to be met if a person is to reach a good state of health.
Principles of the social models of health Answer- AREAS. A: adress all determinants of
health R: Reduce social inequality E: Empower individual and community A:
Accessibility to healthcare S: sectorial collaboration
Preventative Model of health Answer- Focuses on action to avoid illness occuring or
returning and to dectect illness at the earliest time possible.
The Ottawa charter for health promotion: Black Cats Smell Dead Rats Answer- An
approach to health development by the World Health Organisation that ettempts to
reduce inequalities in health. The Ottaw Charter for Health Promotion was developed
from the social model of health and defines health promotion as 'ther process of
enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health'(WHO 1998)
Produced with the aim of taking action to achieve health for all by the year 200 and
beyond through health promotion and reduce inequalities for all. It identifies three basic
strategies for health promotion: anabling, mediating and advocacy
Build healthy public policy - ottawa charter Answer- includes changes in policy that will
healp to make healthier choices the easier choices and contribute to healthier, safer,
cleaner and more enjoyable services and environments.
Create supportive environment - Ottawa charter Answer- The creation of supportive
environments involves building links between individualds and their environments
through taking care of one another, communities and natural resources. Promotes
environments that encourage safe, stimulating and enjoyable living and working
conditions so individuals can reach their full potential.
Strengthen community actions - Ottawa charter Answer- Strengthening community
actions requires communities working together to set priorities, make decisions, and
plan and implement strategies that will help them achieve better health. Health
promotion strategies that focus on community action leads to empowerment of that
, community and improved outcomes as a result of the ownership of their strategies, the
social support and public participation.
Develop personal skills - Ottawa charter Answer- Involves an individual gaining life skills
and information through health promotion and education and is the desired outcome of
many health promotion programs. These skills and knowledge should be gained and
supported at home, in school, at work and in other community settings to enable the
individual to make choices that will enhance their health and to take control over their
own health.
Reorient health services - Ottawa charter Answer- Involves individuals, community
groups, health professionals and the government working together to achieve a
healthcare system that promotes health. The idea is for groups to work together to
support healthcare professionals in moving beyond providing biomedical services and
placing a stronger emphasis on health promotion.
What is the role of VicHealth Answer- VicHealth is responsible for health promotion in
Victoria and intend to make people aware of the risks, therefore preventing disease. It is
the peak body for health promotion in victoria. according the them health promotion has
proved to be a powerful and cost effective method of improving health so they act as a
resource for health promotion and disease prevention. ie sunsamart, quit campaign
VicHealth values Answer- Work together, Be honest, Engage with others respectfully,
challenge and be challenged, Be eco-wise
Vichealth Priorities Answer- Tabacco consumption, overweight and obesity, physical
inactivity, alcohol misuse,discrimination, violence etc.
The local governments' responsibilities within the Australian Healthcare system Answer-
immunistation, sanitary environment ie collection and disposal of garbage and sewage,
providing safe water supply, ensuring the cleanliness of food storage and preparation in
shops and restuaraunts - HACCP, maintainging roads and public areas
The state/territory governments' responsibilities within the Australian Healthcare system
Answer- , provision of a public hospital serive,, conducting research into public health
issues, recording of health-related information, identifying issues and notifying doctors
of epidemics etc.
The federal Governments' responsibilities within the Australian Healthcare system
Answer- the management and funding of Medicare, the regulation of private health
insurance, financial support to government and non-government health organisations,
management of quarantine service etc.
Medicare levy Answer- Is an amount of money paid by most taxpayers, based on
taxable incomes, that contributes the the funding of the healthcare system.
units 3&4
Biomedical model of health Answer- Focuses on the physical or biological aspects of
disease and is associated with the diagnosis, cure and treatment of disease. 'Fix-it'
approach to health care. Does not promote good health or prevent illness
Social Model of health Answer- based on understanding that health is linked to a range
of social, environmental and economic factors and the fundamental conditions for health
need to be met if a person is to reach a good state of health.
Principles of the social models of health Answer- AREAS. A: adress all determinants of
health R: Reduce social inequality E: Empower individual and community A:
Accessibility to healthcare S: sectorial collaboration
Preventative Model of health Answer- Focuses on action to avoid illness occuring or
returning and to dectect illness at the earliest time possible.
The Ottawa charter for health promotion: Black Cats Smell Dead Rats Answer- An
approach to health development by the World Health Organisation that ettempts to
reduce inequalities in health. The Ottaw Charter for Health Promotion was developed
from the social model of health and defines health promotion as 'ther process of
enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health'(WHO 1998)
Produced with the aim of taking action to achieve health for all by the year 200 and
beyond through health promotion and reduce inequalities for all. It identifies three basic
strategies for health promotion: anabling, mediating and advocacy
Build healthy public policy - ottawa charter Answer- includes changes in policy that will
healp to make healthier choices the easier choices and contribute to healthier, safer,
cleaner and more enjoyable services and environments.
Create supportive environment - Ottawa charter Answer- The creation of supportive
environments involves building links between individualds and their environments
through taking care of one another, communities and natural resources. Promotes
environments that encourage safe, stimulating and enjoyable living and working
conditions so individuals can reach their full potential.
Strengthen community actions - Ottawa charter Answer- Strengthening community
actions requires communities working together to set priorities, make decisions, and
plan and implement strategies that will help them achieve better health. Health
promotion strategies that focus on community action leads to empowerment of that
, community and improved outcomes as a result of the ownership of their strategies, the
social support and public participation.
Develop personal skills - Ottawa charter Answer- Involves an individual gaining life skills
and information through health promotion and education and is the desired outcome of
many health promotion programs. These skills and knowledge should be gained and
supported at home, in school, at work and in other community settings to enable the
individual to make choices that will enhance their health and to take control over their
own health.
Reorient health services - Ottawa charter Answer- Involves individuals, community
groups, health professionals and the government working together to achieve a
healthcare system that promotes health. The idea is for groups to work together to
support healthcare professionals in moving beyond providing biomedical services and
placing a stronger emphasis on health promotion.
What is the role of VicHealth Answer- VicHealth is responsible for health promotion in
Victoria and intend to make people aware of the risks, therefore preventing disease. It is
the peak body for health promotion in victoria. according the them health promotion has
proved to be a powerful and cost effective method of improving health so they act as a
resource for health promotion and disease prevention. ie sunsamart, quit campaign
VicHealth values Answer- Work together, Be honest, Engage with others respectfully,
challenge and be challenged, Be eco-wise
Vichealth Priorities Answer- Tabacco consumption, overweight and obesity, physical
inactivity, alcohol misuse,discrimination, violence etc.
The local governments' responsibilities within the Australian Healthcare system Answer-
immunistation, sanitary environment ie collection and disposal of garbage and sewage,
providing safe water supply, ensuring the cleanliness of food storage and preparation in
shops and restuaraunts - HACCP, maintainging roads and public areas
The state/territory governments' responsibilities within the Australian Healthcare system
Answer- , provision of a public hospital serive,, conducting research into public health
issues, recording of health-related information, identifying issues and notifying doctors
of epidemics etc.
The federal Governments' responsibilities within the Australian Healthcare system
Answer- the management and funding of Medicare, the regulation of private health
insurance, financial support to government and non-government health organisations,
management of quarantine service etc.
Medicare levy Answer- Is an amount of money paid by most taxpayers, based on
taxable incomes, that contributes the the funding of the healthcare system.
