NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Exam Study Guide

Epigenetics 1. Defects Iin Ithe Iencoding Iof Ihistone-modifying Iproteins I(Chp I6 Iand I12 Iwk I1) Histone Imodification I(e.g., Ihistone Iacetylation Iand Ideacetylation, Ialterations Iin Ichromatin): IChromatin Icompaction Iand Iorganization Ihelp Ito Iregulate Igene Iexpression, Idetermining Iand Imaintaining Icell Iidentity. IChromatin Istructure Imust Ibe Icontrolled Iin Iself-renewing Iand Idifferentiated Icells Iin Icell Irenewal Isystems. IFor Iexample, Ithere Iare Idifferences Iin Ichromatin Istructure Iin Istem Icells Iand Iterminally Idifferentiated Icells are Ichemical Imodifications Iof IDNA Isequences Ithat Ialter Ithe Iexpression Iof Igenes, Iresulting Iin Idisease Iand Iphenotypical Ivariations I(upon Igenetics) types Iof Iepigenetic Imodifications IDNA Imodification histone Imodification Microribonucleic Iacids I(miRNAs) Ior Imature ImiRNAs specific Ienvironmental Ior Inon-genetic Ifactors, Isuch Ias Idiet Iand Iexposure Ito Icertain Ichemicals Ican Iaffect Iepigenetic Histone Imodifications- Iin Idiverse Ibiological Iprocesses Isuch Ias Itranscriptional Iactivation/inactivation, chromosome Ipackaging, Iand IDNA Idamage/repair. Histone Imodifications I(e.g. Ihistone Iacetylation Iand Ideacetylation, Ichromatin Ialterations)- IChromatin Icompaction Iand Iorganization Ihelp Ito Iregulate Igene Iexpression, Idetermining Iand Imaintaining Icell Iidentity quantitative Idetection Iof Ivarious Ihistone Imodifications- Iwould Iprovide Iuseful Iinformation Ifor Ia Ibetter understanding Iof Iepigenetic Iregulation Iof Icellular Iprocesses Iand Ithe Idevelopment Iof Ihistone Imodifying Ienzyme-targeted Idrugs. Histone IModification- IResults: Histone Iacetylation Iand Ideacetylation