Complex Care Nursing Midterm Exam Latest
With Verified Answers
ANSWERS QUESTIONS
This wave represents necrosis from a previous or
Pathological Q wave
current STEMI
Bipolar leads - Leads I, II This type of lead consists of two electrodes with
and III opposite polarity - What leads are these?
This type of lead consists of one electrode and a
Unipolar leads
reference point
This type of electrode is extremely important
Positive electrode because it acts as a camera or "seeing eye," that
examines that part of the heart specifically
Which 2 leads are the most commonly examined
Lead II and V1
leads?
Lead I This lead examines the lateral wall of the heart
Lead II This lead examines the inferior part of the heart
Leads I, II and III These 3 leads are all upright (Non-inverted)
When the electrical flow of the heart is heading
Upright towards or flowing to a positive electrode, the ECG
(PQRST complex) is upright or inverted?
, When the electrical flow of the heart is heading
Inverted away from a positive electrode, the ECG (PQRST
complex) is upright or inverted?
V1-V4 These V leads all give anterior views of the heart
V5-V6 These V leads give a lateral view of the heart
This V lead gives a lot of good monitoring
V1
information
Right sternal boarder at the 4th Where is the V1 lead placed on the body?
intercostal space
R wave - R wave begins small From V1 to V6, which wave increases as you go
in v1 and gets increasingly along?
larger as you go from V2-V6
R-wave Defined as the first positive deflection on the EKG
Left sternal boarder at the Where is lead V2 placed?
fourth intercostal space
Midway between V2 and V4 Where is lead V3 placed
Fifth intercostal space at the Where is lead V4 placed?
midclavicular line
Fifth intercostal pace at the Where is lead V5 placed?
anterior axillary line
,Fifth intercostal space at the Where is lead V6 placed?
midaxillary line
Rate (brady, normal, tachy) and When first assessing an EKG strip, what two things
rhythm (regular or irregular) do you need to identify first?
Hypokalemia due to the non- For patients on loop diuretics such as Lasix, what
potassium sparing diuretic does the presence of a U wave indicate?
Counting each R-R wave in a 6 How do you measure the rate on an EKG strip?
second EKG strip
Normal sinus Defined as normal sinus rate between 60-100 bpm
Defined as a sinus rhythm with rate between 100-150
Sinus tachycardia
bpm
Anxiety, pain, fever, certain What are examples of causes of sinus tachycardia in
drugs, hypovolemia, caffeine patients?
Sinus bradycardia Defined as a sinus rhythm < 60 bpm
This wave comes directly from the AV node,
P-wave
indicating depolarization of the atria
This complex comes directly from the SA node,
QRS complex
indicating depolarization of the ventricle
This wave comes from the SA node, indicating re-
T- wave
polarization of the ventricle
, Atropine - What is the treatment of symptomatic bradycardia?
Parasympatholytic; What kind of drug is this?
Anticholinergic drug that
antagonizes acetylcholine
receptors, blocking the
parasympathetic NS
Body's response when What is a vaso-vagal response?
Vagus nerve is stimulated;
Will cause a decrease in HR
and possible loss of
consciousness
Defined as an irritable atrium that causes firing to
PAC - premature atrial
occur before the SA node, allowing a premature P
contractions
wave to occur
This type of arrhythmias has an ectopic focus,
Atrial tachycardia occurs from the AV node, with a rate between 150-
250 bpm
Cardizem (CCB) and What medications are given to control atrial flutter?
Metoprolol (BB) as well
as anticoagulant therapy
to prevent VTE
What are patients with atrial fibrillation and atrial
Blood clots
flutter at highest risk for?
What medication will patients suffering from atrial fibrillation
Anticoagulants
and atrial flutter be on?
What is the heart rate of a patient suffering from
Between 250-350 bpm atrial flutter?
Complex Care Midterm
With Verified Answers
ANSWERS QUESTIONS
This wave represents necrosis from a previous or
Pathological Q wave
current STEMI
Bipolar leads - Leads I, II This type of lead consists of two electrodes with
and III opposite polarity - What leads are these?
This type of lead consists of one electrode and a
Unipolar leads
reference point
This type of electrode is extremely important
Positive electrode because it acts as a camera or "seeing eye," that
examines that part of the heart specifically
Which 2 leads are the most commonly examined
Lead II and V1
leads?
Lead I This lead examines the lateral wall of the heart
Lead II This lead examines the inferior part of the heart
Leads I, II and III These 3 leads are all upright (Non-inverted)
When the electrical flow of the heart is heading
Upright towards or flowing to a positive electrode, the ECG
(PQRST complex) is upright or inverted?
, When the electrical flow of the heart is heading
Inverted away from a positive electrode, the ECG (PQRST
complex) is upright or inverted?
V1-V4 These V leads all give anterior views of the heart
V5-V6 These V leads give a lateral view of the heart
This V lead gives a lot of good monitoring
V1
information
Right sternal boarder at the 4th Where is the V1 lead placed on the body?
intercostal space
R wave - R wave begins small From V1 to V6, which wave increases as you go
in v1 and gets increasingly along?
larger as you go from V2-V6
R-wave Defined as the first positive deflection on the EKG
Left sternal boarder at the Where is lead V2 placed?
fourth intercostal space
Midway between V2 and V4 Where is lead V3 placed
Fifth intercostal space at the Where is lead V4 placed?
midclavicular line
Fifth intercostal pace at the Where is lead V5 placed?
anterior axillary line
,Fifth intercostal space at the Where is lead V6 placed?
midaxillary line
Rate (brady, normal, tachy) and When first assessing an EKG strip, what two things
rhythm (regular or irregular) do you need to identify first?
Hypokalemia due to the non- For patients on loop diuretics such as Lasix, what
potassium sparing diuretic does the presence of a U wave indicate?
Counting each R-R wave in a 6 How do you measure the rate on an EKG strip?
second EKG strip
Normal sinus Defined as normal sinus rate between 60-100 bpm
Defined as a sinus rhythm with rate between 100-150
Sinus tachycardia
bpm
Anxiety, pain, fever, certain What are examples of causes of sinus tachycardia in
drugs, hypovolemia, caffeine patients?
Sinus bradycardia Defined as a sinus rhythm < 60 bpm
This wave comes directly from the AV node,
P-wave
indicating depolarization of the atria
This complex comes directly from the SA node,
QRS complex
indicating depolarization of the ventricle
This wave comes from the SA node, indicating re-
T- wave
polarization of the ventricle
, Atropine - What is the treatment of symptomatic bradycardia?
Parasympatholytic; What kind of drug is this?
Anticholinergic drug that
antagonizes acetylcholine
receptors, blocking the
parasympathetic NS
Body's response when What is a vaso-vagal response?
Vagus nerve is stimulated;
Will cause a decrease in HR
and possible loss of
consciousness
Defined as an irritable atrium that causes firing to
PAC - premature atrial
occur before the SA node, allowing a premature P
contractions
wave to occur
This type of arrhythmias has an ectopic focus,
Atrial tachycardia occurs from the AV node, with a rate between 150-
250 bpm
Cardizem (CCB) and What medications are given to control atrial flutter?
Metoprolol (BB) as well
as anticoagulant therapy
to prevent VTE
What are patients with atrial fibrillation and atrial
Blood clots
flutter at highest risk for?
What medication will patients suffering from atrial fibrillation
Anticoagulants
and atrial flutter be on?
What is the heart rate of a patient suffering from
Between 250-350 bpm atrial flutter?
Complex Care Midterm
