ACUTE EXAM #4/ HESI A2 Questions & Answers 100% correct

ACUTE EXAM #4/ HESI A2 Questions & Answers
100% correct

Quiz:> What is significant about the endocrine glands that allows them to enter the
blood stream rapidly?
{{{Answer}}} (They endocrine glands have a rich blood supply)

Quiz:> To prevent accumulation of hormones in the blood stream, these hormones of
the endocrine system function on a "__________ ____________ ___________," so that
when the hormone concentration increases, further production of that hormone is
inhibited
{{{Answer}}} ('Negative feedback system')

Quiz:> Where does the body produce steroids?
{{{Answer}}} (The adrenal cortex)

Quiz:> The size and lipid solubility of this bodily hormone allows them to penetrate cell
membranes and interact with intracellular receptors
{{{Answer}}} (Steroids)

Quiz:> This hormone stimulates growth of bone and muscle, promotes protein synthesis
and fat metabolism and decreases carbohydrate metabolism
{{{Answer}}} (Growth Hormone (GH))

Quiz:> This hormone stimulates synthesis and secretion of adrenocortical hormones
{{{Answer}}} (Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH))

Quiz:> This hormone stimulates synthesis and secretion of the thyroid hormone
{{{Answer}}} (Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH))

Quiz:> This hormone prepares female breasts for breast feeding
{{{Answer}}} (Prolactin)

Quiz:> This hormone increases water reabsorption by the kidneys
{{{Answer}}} (Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH))

Quiz:> This hormone stimulates contraction of pregnant uterus, milk ejection from
breasts after childbirth
{{{Answer}}} (Oxytocin)

Quiz:> What are the three hormones produced in the thyroid gland?

,{{{Answer}}} (t3 (triiodothyronine), t4 (thyroxine) and calcitonin)

Quiz:> These hormones produced by the thyroid gland increases the metabolic rate,
increases protein and bone turnover, increases responsiveness to catecholamines and
are necessary for fetal growth and development
{{{Answer}}} (T3 & T4)

Quiz:> This hormone produced by the thyroid gland lowers blood calcium and
phosphate levels
{{{Answer}}} (Calcitonin)

Quiz:> This hormone, produced in the parathyroid glands, regulates serum calcium
levels
{{{Answer}}} (Parathormone (PTH))

Quiz:> Produced in the pancreas, this compound lowers blood glucose by facilitating
glucose transport across cell membranes of muscle, liver and adipose tissue
{{{Answer}}} (Insulin)

Quiz:> Produced in the pancreas, this component increases blood glucose
concentration by stimulation of glycogenolysis and glyconeogenesis
{{{Answer}}} (Glucagon)

Quiz:> This drug delays intestinal absorption of glucose
{{{Answer}}} (Somatostatin)

Quiz:> Before any diagnostic procedures, what is the nurse's role in pt education?
{{{Answer}}} (- RN should inform the pt about the purpose of the prescribed studies,
determine allergies, what to expect during/after procedure and any AE r/t the procedure)

Quiz:> This gland is considered the "master gland" because of its influence on secretion
of hormones by other endocrine glands
{{{Answer}}} (Pituitary gland)

Quiz:> This gland of the endocrine system is controlled by the hypothalamus
{{{Answer}}} (Pituitary gland)

Quiz:> What are the major hormones produced in the anterior pituitary gland?
{{{Answer}}} (FSH (Follicle stimulating hormone)
LH (Lutenizing hormone)
Prolactin
ACTH
GH (Growth hormone))

Quiz:> What is the half life of GH? Where in the body is it inactivated?
{{{Answer}}} (20-30 minutes and GH is largely inactivated in the liver)

,Quiz:> What diseases/disorders are associated with anterior pituitary dysfunction?
{{{Answer}}} (Cushing's syndrome, acromegaly, giantism and dwarfism)

Quiz:> What are the major hormones produced by the posterior pituitary?
{{{Answer}}} (Vasopressin (Anti-diuretic hormone, ADH) and oxytocin)

Quiz:> When is anti-diuretic hormone stimulated in the body?
{{{Answer}}} (By a decrease in BP)

Quiz:> What is the most common disorder r/t posterior pituitary dysfunction?
{{{Answer}}} (Diabetes insipidus (DI))

Quiz:> Disorder of the posterior pituitary, characterized by production of abnormally
large volumes of dilute urine as a result of deficient vasopressin production
{{{Answer}}} (Diabetes insipidus (DI))

Quiz:> In what occurrences can DI develop?
{{{Answer}}} (- Following surgical treatment of a brain tumor
- Traumatic brain injury
- Infections of the nervous system
- Failure of renal tubes to respond to ADH
- Specific medications)

Quiz:> Approximately 90% of these tumors are benign, may be primary or secondary
{{{Answer}}} (Pituitary tumors)

Quiz:> This type of pituitary tumor secretes pituitary hormones
{{{Answer}}} (Functional tumor)

Quiz:> This type of pituitary tumor does not secrete pituitary hormones
{{{Answer}}} (Non-functional tumor)

Quiz:> This is the largest endocrine gland
{{{Answer}}} (Thyroid gland)

Quiz:> Secretion of t3 and t4 from the thyroid gland is controlled by what?
{{{Answer}}} (TSH (Thyrotropin))

Quiz:> This hormone, produced by the thyroid gland, is secreted in response to high
calcium levels; Increases calcium deposition in bone
{{{Answer}}} (Calcitonin)

Quiz:> Defined as inadequate secretion of thyroid hormone
{{{Answer}}} (Hypothyroidism)

, Quiz:> Defined as increased circulating catecholamines and enlarged thyroid gland
{{{Answer}}} (Hyperthyroidism)

Quiz:> What is an enlarged thyroid gland also called?
{{{Answer}}} (Goiter)

Quiz:> What assessment findings will be noted for a pt with hyperthyroidism's thyroid
gland?
{{{Answer}}} (- Enlarged thyroid gland
- Bruit will be heard upon auscultation due to increased blood flow
- Soft texture of gland)

Quiz:> What are nursing responsibilities r/t diagnostic testing for thyroid dysfunction?
{{{Answer}}} (- Pt education (What to expect before/after procedures)
- Determine if pt is allergic to iodine (Ask if they have a shellfish allergy)
- Determine if pt has taken meds that contain iodine (Will interfere with test results))

Quiz:> What are a few medications that will alter thyroid test results used to determine
hypo/hypethyroidism?
{{{Answer}}} (Amiodarone (Cordarone)
Aspirin
Diazepam (Valium)
Furosemide (Lasix)
Heparin
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Propranolol (Inderal))

Quiz:> Defined as sub-optimal level of thyroid hormone
{{{Answer}}} (Hypothyroidism)

Quiz:> What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?
{{{Answer}}} (Hashimoto's disease)

Quiz:> What is Hashimoto's disease?
{{{Answer}}} (A common cause of hypothyroidism; Caused by autoimmune thyroiditis in
which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland)

Quiz:> What can result after treatment of hyperthyroidism with either radioactive iodine
or a thyroidectomy?
{{{Answer}}} (Consequent hypothyroidism)

Quiz:> Defined as severe hypothyroidism that can be present with or without coma; pt is
hypothermic and unconscious
{{{Answer}}} (Myxedema)

Quiz:> Defined as high TSH low T4