Diabetes Case Study #1 & 2 guide

Diabetes Case Study #1 Jenny is a 56-year-old female who is scheduled for a routine primary care provider’s (PCP) visit to followup on her hypertension. She reports no significant complaints other than her vision being blurry; she states, “I need to go to the eye doctor to have my eyes checked.” At the conclusion of her visit, the PCP orders a basic metabolic panel (BMP) and complete blood count (CBC) to be drawn. Jenny receives a phone call 2 days later from her PCP’s office to schedule an appointment for later that day. Jenny is told that her blood sugar is elevated. At her appointment, Jenny and the nurse begin by reviewing Jenny’s risk factors for diabetes. 1. Identify risk factors commonly associated with diabetes mellitus Type 2. Select all that apply. Obesity Age less than 30 years – older age Caucasian race – AA, Hispanic, NA, Family history -- predisposition History of gestational diabetes History of delivering babies over 9 pounds Jenny reports that her mother and grandmother were diabetics. She is also over 45 years old and overweight at 5 feet 2 inches and 200 pounds. Jenny still finds it hard to believe that she could be diabetic since she is feeling okay; she asks the nurse to explain to her how diabetes occurs. 2. The nurse educating Jenny on type 2 diabetes determines that she understands the information when she states: A. “I am not producing any insulin because of a problem with my immune system.” Type 1 B. “I will need to take insulin for the rest of my life.” Type 1 C. “I’m not making enough insulin or my body isn’t as sensitive to it.” D. “I won’t need to make any dietary changes if I take my medicine.” False- lifestyle changes 3. Match the type of diabetes in Column A with its typical characteristics in Column B. Answers in Column A can be used more than once. Column A Column B A. Type 1 diabetes- DKA Onset is usually under 30 years old A B. Type 2 diabetes - HHS Patient is often thin at time of diagnosis A Treated with diet, exercise, and oral agents B Patient is often obese at time of diagnosis B Antibodies are present in the body against insulin - A Patients require insulin for life A DKA HHS By the time it is Jenny’s turn to see her PCP, she has a beginning understanding about diabetes. Her PCP sits with her and begins by reviewing her laboratory results. Her fasting plasma glucose from her last visit was 236 mg/dL. The PCP lists some typical signs and symptoms of diabetes, and he asks Jenny if she is experiencing any of them. 4. Select all that apply Identify common clinical manifestations associated with diabetes mellitus: Polyuria Decreased appetite – increase Decreased fluid intake – increase Vision changes Fatigue