ATI TEAS SCIENCE PRACTICE QUIZ

ATI TEAS SCIENCE PRACTICE QUIZ 1.) According to Mendel’s first law, what does an individual gamete contain? a.) A gene. b.) A pair of genes. c.) One allele of a gene. d.) A pair of alleles of the same gene. Correct answer is: c. 2.) Which of the following is both an exocrine and endocrine gland? a.) Adrenal Glands b.) Liver c.) Thyroid Gland d.) Parathyroid Glands Correct answer is: b. 3.) An atom’s physical structure is composed of which of the following? a.) A nucleus & electrons b.) A nucleus & orbits c.) Protons & neutrons d.) A nucleus & protons Correct answer is: b. 4.) Growth factors and histamine are chemical agents released in small amounts that act locally on neighboring cells. Which of the following best describes the function of growth factors and histamine? a.) Endocrine function b.) Autocrine function c.) Paracrine function d.) None of the above Correct answer is: c. 5.) Which hormone increases basal metabolic rate in the body? a.) Parathyroid hormone b.) Thyroid hormone c.) Glucagon d.) Secretin Correct answer is: b. 6.) Which of the following hormones would be expected to increase if you were studying all day for a test and skipped breakfast & lunch? a.) Calcitonin b.) Insulin c.) Glucagon d.) Growth Hormone Correct answer is: c. 7.) Hormones travel through the bloodstream and bind to receptors located on target cells. Which of the following would NOT bind to transmembrane proteins on the target cells? a.) Antidiuretic Hormone b.) Prolactin c.) Insulin d.) Estrogen Correct answer is: d. 8.) A weak bond in DNA often includes a(n) atom? a.) Oxygen b.) Nitrogen c.) Thymine d.) Hydrogen Correct answer is: d. 9.) Which of the following produces NADH and FADH2 for the electron transport chain during cellular respiration? a.) Metabolism b.) Glycolysis c.) Metabolic pathways d.) Krebs Cycle Correct answer is: d. 10.) Why is it important to replicate DNA before a cell divides in mitosis? a.) for genetic information to be transferred into daughter cells. b.) for the cell to be able to increase in size. c.) for the DNA to be contained in the nucleus. d.) for the cell to re-order the DNA sequencing in the new cells. Correct answer is: a. 11.) In a cell, movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration…? a.) uses facilitated diffusion b.) requires cellular energy c.) needs associated (peripheral) proteins d.) requires no energy Correct answer: b. 12.) The function of the central vacuole in plant cells include . a.) Storing food. b.) Storing waste products. c.) Maintaining the right amount of pressure to support the plant structure. d.) All the above. Correct answer is: d. 13.) The thoracic cage is a structural unit important for . a.) digestion b.) menstruation c.) respiration d.) secretion of wastes Correct answer is: c. 14.) Salivary amylase secreted into the oral cavity starts the digestion of . a.) starch b.) proteins c.) amino acids d.) lipids Correct answer is: a. 15.) The holds the replicated sister chromatids together? a.) centriole b.) chromosomes c.) centromere d.) cycles Correct answer is: c. 16.) Which two hormones does the anterior pituitary secrete? a.) growth hormone and glucagon b.) oxytocin and melatonin c.) growth hormone and luteinizing hormone d.) luteinizing hormone and epinephrine Correct answer is: c. 17.) The cardiovascular system transports . a.) Hormones b.) All of the above c.) Lymph d.) Red blood cells Correct answer is: b. 18.) In addition to the genitourinary system, the kidneys are related to which of the following systems? a.) cardiovascular b.) reproductive c.) digestive d.) none of the above Correct answer is: a. 19.) Which hormone aids in a positive feedback response? a.) insulin b.) glucagon c.) melatonin d.) oxytocin Correct answer is: d. 20.) are long bundles of axons that transmit signals from the neuromuscular system allowing involuntary and voluntary muscle movement? a.) sarcomeres b.) nerves c.) cell body d.) dendrites Correct answer is: b. 21.) The exchange of nutrients between tissue & blood primarily occurs in which of the following locations? a.) capillaries b.) bone c.) large arteries d.) none of the above Correct answer is: a. 22.) What type of immunity is blood transfusion? a.) passive natural immunity b.) active artificial immunity c.) passive artificial immunity d.) active natural immunity Correct answer is: c. 23.) What type of muscle is the uterus? a.) skeletal b.) smooth c.) cardiac d.) irregular Correct answer is: b. 24.) Which cells within the pancreas release glucagon in response to low blood glucose levels? a.) Alpha cells b.) Beta cells c.) Leukocytes d.) Erythrocytes Correct answer is: a. 25.) Which describes the shape of a skeletal muscle cell? a.) Elongated b.) Branched c.) Short d.) Spindle Correct answer is: a. 26.) What structure is the integration center between the endocrine and nervous systems? a.) pons b.) spinal meninges c.) hypothalamus d.) pituitary Correct answer is: c. 27.) What body system is the skeletal system most closely associated with when hematopoiesis happen? a.) Cardiovascular system b.) Digestive system c.) Muscular system d.) Urinary System Correct answer is: a. 28.) The type of muscle that is involuntary and is found in the heart and can also be described as striated is called? a.) skeletal b.) cardiac c.) smooth d.) neuron Correct answer is: b. 29.) What does the replication of DNA during interphase ensure? a.) that crossing-over occurs prior to cell division. b.) mutations are corrected before the cell divides. c.) genetic variation is created in daughter cells. d.) each daughter cell gets an exact copy of the cell’s DNA. Correct answer is: d. 30.) Lower motor neurons (motoneurons) that exit the spinal cord to stimulate skeletal muscle contraction are activated by all of the following influences except: a.) sensory feedback from the muscles and tendons b.) firing of autonomic motor neurons to skeletal muscles c.) excitatory effects from higher motor neurons d.) inhibitory effects from higher motor neurons Correct answer is: b. 31.) Which of the following structures is located in the axial skeleton and lined with mucus membrane? a.) sinus b.) mandible c.) sternum d.) hyoid bone Correct answer is: a. 32.) Mineral resorption is caused by which of the following? a.) osteoclasts b.) hydroxyapatite c.) osteoblasts d.) osteoporosis Correct answer is: a. 33.) Secreted by the heart to increase sodium secretion by the kidneys, decrease extracellular fluid (decreases BP)? a.) ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) b.) ANP (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide) c.) Epinephrine and Norepinephrine d.) T3 (Triiodothyronine) and T4 (Thyroxine) Correct answer is: b. 34.) Bone healing steps: 1. Fibroblasts secrete matrix forming cartilage for new bone to build off if. 2. Inflammation and clotting. 3. Osteoblasts will secrete new bone spindle, where osteocytes will maintain the bone. 4. Clasts will dissolve cartilage and replace it with bone. Which order is correct? a.) 4, 3, 1, 2 b.) 2, 1, 3, 4 c.) 2, 1, 4, 3 d.) 1, 2, 3, 4 Correct answer is: b. 35.) Cholecystokinin is a production of? a.) Bile Salts b.) Blood c.) Gastric juice d.) Iron Correct answer is: a. 36.) (T4) Thyroxine is secreted by what Gland? a.) Pineal b.) Parathyroid c.) Thyroid d.) Pituitary Correct answer is: c. 37.) During the Krebs Cycle of cellular respiration, glucose molecules are consumed. For every single consumed glucose molecule, what is produced? a.) Six carbon-dioxide molecules and six NADH molecules. b.) Six ATP molecules, six carbon-dioxide molecules, and six NADH molecules. c.) Two ATP molecules, six carbon-dioxide molecules, and six NADH molecules. d.) Two ATP molecules and six carbon-dioxide molecules. Correct answer is: c. 38.) Tiny air-sacs in the lungs where the exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place are known as which of the following? a.) Bronchioles b.) Bronchi c.) Larynx d.) Alveoli Correct answer is: d. 39.) Atoms are made up of all EXCEPT which of the following? a.) Protons b.) Neutrons c.) Isotopes d.) Electrons Correct answer is: c. 40.) The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, where 0 is more and 14 is more ? a.) Basic , Acidic b.) Acidic , Neutral c.) Basic , Neutral d.) Acidic , Basic Correct answer is: d. 41.) Cells with a high rate of protein synthesis generally have a large number of which of the following cellular structures? a.) Ribosomes b.) Golgi Apparatus c.) Mitochondria d.) Chloroplasts Correct answer: a. 42.) Hair and nails are a part of which body system? a.) Skeletal system b.) Neuromuscular system c.) Integumentary system d.) Immune system Correct answer is: c. 43.) The mitral valve is a heart valve that allows oxygen-rich blood from the lungs pass from which of the following? a.) The left atrium into the left ventricle. b.) The left ventricle into the aorta. c.) The right ventricle into the pulmonary veins. d.) The right atrium into the right ventricle. Correct answer is: a. 44.) In mitosis, the two resulting daughter cells are..? a.) different from the parent cell & identical to each other. b.) different from the parent cell & different from each other. c.) identical to the parent cell & different from each other. d.) identical to the parent cell & identical to each other. Correct answer is: d. 45.) The parathyroid gland is an endocrine system gland located behind the thyroid gland. What does the parathyroid gland help the body control? a.) metabolism b.) calcium & phosphorus levels c.) carbohydrate & fat utilization d.) blood sugar Correct answer is: b. 46.) To which system does cartilage belong? a.) skeletal b.) integumentary c.) respiratory d.) neuromuscular Correct answer is: a. 47.) Which of the following is the sphincter muscle that regulates the movement of chyme into the small intestine? a.) esophageal b.) pyloric c.) ileocecal d.) urethral Correct answer is: b. 48.) Which of the following structure is severed and tied off as part of a vasectomy procedure? a.) seminal vesicle b.) vas deferens c.) epididymis d.) testes Correct answer is: b. 49.) gland secretes follicle-stimulating hormones? a.) Parathyroid gland b.) Pineal gland c.) Anterior Pituitary gland d.) Thyroid gland Correct answer is: c. 50.) Function of PORES and molecular membrane is? a.) activating transcription factors. b.) permitting passage of molecules c.) preventing the molecules from overheating d.) blocking pathogens from entry Correct answer is: b. 51.) The “fight or flight response” is a function of the peripheral nervous system. Is this True or False? a.) True b.) False Correct answer is: a. 52.) An overactivation of which of the following could lead to osteoporosis? a.) Osteon b.) Osteoblast c.) Osteoclast d.) Osteocyte Correct answer is: c. 53.) Which of the following can digest an enzyme? a.) Endonucleases b.) Lipases c.) Proteases d.) Kinases Correct answer is: c. 54.) Which of the following is NOT classified as a synovial joint? a.) Femur & Pelvis b.) Skull Bones c.) Humerus & Ulna d.) Humerus & Scapula Correct answer is: b. 55.) A macrophage, a type of immune cell responsible for phagocytosis and digesting pathogens, is likely to contain more of which of the following organelles? a.) Mitochondria b.) Centrosomes c.) Ribosomes d.) Lysosomes Correct answer is: d. 56.) A buildup of urea, a nitrogenous waste product of protein metabolism in the body, is most likely due to the failure of which organ system? a.) Urinary b.) Endocrine c.) Digestive d.) Immune Correct answer is: a. 57.) Which of the following cells type is responsible for secreting acid to dissolve the bony matrix? a.) osteoclasts b.) canaliculi c.) endosteum d.) 0steoblasts Correct answer is: a. 58.) are substances that protect the skin from ultrasound radiation? a.) Melanin b.) Kerantin c.) Seburm d.) Dermis Correct answer is: a. 59.) The hormone that stimulates the kidney to retain sodium ions, which draw with them water, when BP drops is called? a.) Luteinizing b.) FSH c.) insulin d.) aldosterone Correct answer is: d. 60.) What is a series of events that a cell goes through as they grow & divide? a.) cell division b.) cell cycle c.) cytokinesis d.) mitosis Correct answer is: b. 61.) Drugs that increase urine production by blocking the release of ADH is called? a.) nephritis b.) filtration c.) diuretics d.) osmoreceptors Correct answer is: c. 62.) The erythrocyte of blood do which of the following? A- Initiate the blood clotting mechanism B- Transport Oxygen and some carbon dioxide C- Initiate the conduction system of the heart D- Defend the body against pathogens Correct answer is: b. 63.) When does the nuclear division of somatic cells take place during cellular reproduction? a.) meiosis b.) cytokinesis c.) interphase d.) mitosis Correct answer is: d. 64.) The gland in the neck that secretes hormones that regulate growth, development, & metabolic wastes? a.) thyroid gland b.) cartilage c.) pineal gland d.) adrenal gland Correct answer: a. 65.) Which of the following is exchanged between two or more atoms that undergo ionic bonding? a.) electrical charges b.) valence electrons c.) transitory electrons d.) neutrons Correct answer is: b. 66.) What is the longest phase of the cell cycle? a.) interphase b.) prophase c.) anaphase d.) metaphase Correct answer is: a. 67.) Where does a cell contain its genetic material? a.) nucleus b.) nucleolus c.) cytoskeleton d.) golgi Correct answer is: a. 68.) Prokaryote & eukaryote cells are similar in having which of the following? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) a.) membrane-bound organelles b.) presence of a nucleus c.) integral membrane proteins in the plasma membrane d.) DNA Correct answer is: c & d. 69.) What are groups of cells that perform the same function called? a.) tissues b.) plastids c.) organs d.) molecules Correct answer is: a. 70.) The rate of a chemical reaction depends on all of the following except ? a.) presence of catalysts b.) surface area c.) amount of mass lost d.) temperature Correct answer is: c. 71.) Which of the answer choices provided best defines the following statement? For a given mass & constant temperature, an inverse relationship exists between the volume and pressure of a gas. a.) Stefan-Boltzmann Law b.) Boyle’s Law c.) Charles’ Law d.) Ideal Gas Law Correct answer is: b. 72.) The adrenal glands are part of the ? a.) endocrine system b.) immune system c.) respiratory system d.) emphatic system Correct answer is: a. 73.) What is the role of ribosomes? a.) storage b.) transport c.) waste removal d.) protein synthesis Correct answer is: d. 74.) If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, what will happen to the cell? a.) it does not affect the cell. b.) it will shrink. c.) it will swell. d.) it will stay the same. Correct answer is: b. 75.) Which group of major parts & organs make up the immune system? a.) heart, veins, arteries, & capillaries. b.) brain, spinal cord, & nerve cells. c.) lymphatic system, spleen, tonsils, thymus, & bone marrow. d.) nose, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs, alveolus, & diaphragm. Correct answer is: c. 76.) Which of the following correctly lists the cellular hierarchy from the simplest to the most complex structure? a.) tissue, cell, organ, organ system, organism b.) cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism c.) organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell d.) none of the above Correct answer is: b. 77.) During what phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated? a.) S phase b.) G1 phase c.) G2 phase d.) M phase Correct answer is: a. 78.) The first set of seven vertebrae that form the neck; also known as C1 - C7. a.) cervical vertebrae b.) dendritic cell c.) clavicle d.) sternum Correct answer is: a. 79.) A molecule that can bond to identical molecules to form a polymer is called? a.) monomers b.) organic molecule c.) antigen d.) sarcomere Correct answer: a. 80.) A toxin that stimulates an immune response in the body? a.) ghrelin b.) barrier c.) enzymes d.) antigen Correct answer is: d. 81.) The hormone that stimulates male SECONDARY sexual characteristics? a.) FSH b.) Melatonin c) Testosterone d.) Oxytocin Correct answer is: c. 82.) Following the ingestion of a fatty meal, what hormone is secreted by the duodenum mucosa to stimulate contraction of the gallbladder? a.) Calcitonin b.) Cholecystokinin c.) Insulin d.) Glucagon Correct answer is: b. 83.) A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing permanent chemical change is called? a.) enzyme b.) catalyst c.) hormone d.) plasma Correct answer is: b. 84.) The stage of the heart cycle in which the heart muscle contracts & the chambers pump blood? a.) diastole b.) pericardium c.) SA node d.) systole Correct answer is: d. 85.) An enzyme that regulates arterial blood pressure is called? a.) amylase b.) maltase c.) catalase d.) renin Correct answer is: d. 86.) The amount of air that is inhaled & exhaled during normal breathing? a.) vital volume b.) residual volume c.) tidal volume d.) maximal exhalation Correct answer is: c. 87.) Long bone function is to? a.) support the weight of the body & facilitate movement. b.) protect internal organs such as the heart & brain. c.) provide stability & movement, such as carpals of the wrist. d.) none of the above. Correct answer: a. 88.) Which layer of the skin contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerves? a.) the basal layer b.) the subcutaneous layer c.) the epidermis d.) the dermis Correct answer is: d. 89.) Sickle-cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder. Knowing this information, what are the chances that a child will NOT have the recessive allele if both of his parents are carriers? a.) 50% b.) 25% c.) 75% d.) 100% Correct answer is: b. 90.) What set of signals is the vagus nerve responsible for conveying? a.) signals from abdominal organs b.) balance signals from the inner ear c.) signals from the eye d.) signals from the jaw Correct answer is: a. 91.) Simple covalent compounds show which of the following properties? a.) they are soluble in organic solvents (ex: ethanol) b.) they have high melting & boiling points c.) they are solids at room temperature d.) they conduct electricity when dissolved in water Correct answer is: a. 92.) Which of the following is FALSE regarding blood cells? a.) WBCs are larger & less abundant than RBCs b.) Phagocytes & lymphocytes are the most numerous types of WBCs. c.) Mature RBCs are bi-concave discs that have a nucleus & long life-span. d.) Mature RBCs are oval, bi-concave discs that have extruded their nucleus. Correct answer is: c. 93.) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is produced by which gland in the body? a.) posterior lobe of the pituitary gland b.) pineal gland c.) anterior lobe of the pituitary gland d.) thyroid gland Correct answer is: c. 94.) The autonomic nervous system can be divided into two branches, the sympathetic and parasympathetic division. TRUE or FALSE, the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for “fight or flight”? a.) TRUE b.) FALSE Correct answer is: b. 95.) Food moves in the gastrointestinal tract by which of these processes? a.) peristalsis of the voluntary muscles b.) voluntary muscle movements c.) peristalsis of the circular & longitudinal muscles d.) voluntary movements of the longitudinal muscles only Correct answer is: c. 96.) Which structure is NOT part of the rib cage? a.) the lumbar vertebrae b.) the thoracic vertebrae c.) sternum d.) costal cartilage Correct answer is: a. 97.) Progesterone is produced by the ? a.) pituitary gland b.) thyroid glands c.) ovaries, placenta, & adrenal glands d.) none of the above Correct answer is: c. 98.) In the collecting duct, what is reabsorbed? a.) Ions such as Na+ & Cl- b.) Nutrients like glucose & amino acids c.) substances like drug metabolites & waste d.) water Correct answer is: d. 99.) 0.7% NaCl is isotonic to RBCs. Which of these describes what would happen to the RBCs if placed in a 7.0% solution instead? a.) The cells exposed to the solution will burst. b.) The cells exposed to the solution will shrink. c.) The cells will remain the same size. d.) The cells exposed to the solution will expand but not burst. Correct answer: b. 100.) How does the glomerulus filter blood into the Bowman’s capsule? a.) high pressure b.) concentration gradient c.) active transport d.) passive transport Correct answer: a.