TEST BANK FOR NURSING RESEARCH 9TH EDITION BY LOBIONDO-WOOD
Chapter 12: Sampling
LoBiondo-Wood &
Haber: Nursing
Research: Methods
and Critical
Appraisal for
Evidence-Based
Practice, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What is the process of selecting representative units of a population for study in a research
investigation?
a. Sampling
b. Snowballing
c. Delimination
d. Random assignment
ANS: A
Feedback
A Sampling is the process of selecting representative units of a population for a
research study.
B Snowballing is a sampling technique using social networks.
C Delimination is the specification of sample characteristics.
D Random assignment is the process of assigning subjects to groups.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: Page 232
2. How should a nurse researcher expect a sample to differ from a population?
a. A sample can mean objects or events, whereas population refers to individuals or
groups of people.
b. A population has a broad set of defining characteristics, and a sample has a narrow
set of defining characteristics.
c. A population is a representative segment of a defined sample.
d. A sample is a representative segment of a defined population.
ANS: D
Feedback
A A population refers to a well-defined set of people, animals, objects, or events.
B A sample is the group of research subjects representing the population.
C A sample is a representative segment of the population.
D A sample is a set of elements or segments of a specified population.
,TEST BANK FOR NURSING RESEARCH 9TH EDITION BY LOBIONDO-WOOD
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 232-233
3. A nurse researcher has made a generalization on the basis of the experience of a small number
of participants. What will the result of this be?
a. The small sample will invalidate the hypotheses.
b. The researcher will be unable to eliminate his or her bias.
c. The data obtained from a small number will inadequately represent the
phenomenon.
d. The small number of participants will increase the threat to internal validity
influenced by history.
, TEST BANK FOR NURSING RESEARCH 9TH EDITION BY LOBIONDO-WOOD
ANS: C
Feedback
A A small sample does not necessarily invalidate hypotheses.
B Researcher bias is not necessarily controlled by sample size, small or large.
C A too-small sample may inadequately represent the phenomenon and threaten
valid conclusions.
D Small sample size does not necessarily increase historical threats to validity.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 232-233
4. Which statement is most accurate regarding inclusion and exclusion criteria?
a. These criteria are not needed when the population being studied is composed of
events.
b. These criteria serve to ensure that the characteristics of the sample and the
population are congruent.
c. Inclusion criteria are used to define the independent variables, and exclusion
criteria are used to define dependent variables.
d. Inclusion criteria are used to define the dependent variables, and exclusion criteria
are used to define independent variables.
ANS: B
Feedback
A Inclusion and exclusion criteria are always needed in some form.
B Inclusion and exclusion criteria are designed to keep the population and sample
characteristics congruent.
C Inclusion and exclusion criteria refer to sample subjects rather than to
independent or dependent variables.
D Inclusion and exclusion criteria refer to sample subjects rather than independent
or dependent variables.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 233-234
5. What can a nurse researcher use to restrict the study population to homogeneous groups of
subjects?
a. Sampling
b. Self-selection
c. Eligibility criteria
d. Defining study limitations
ANS: C
Feedback
A Sampling does not mandate restricting the population to a homogeneous group of
subjects.
B Self-selection would not restrict subjects to a homogeneous group.
Chapter 12: Sampling
LoBiondo-Wood &
Haber: Nursing
Research: Methods
and Critical
Appraisal for
Evidence-Based
Practice, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What is the process of selecting representative units of a population for study in a research
investigation?
a. Sampling
b. Snowballing
c. Delimination
d. Random assignment
ANS: A
Feedback
A Sampling is the process of selecting representative units of a population for a
research study.
B Snowballing is a sampling technique using social networks.
C Delimination is the specification of sample characteristics.
D Random assignment is the process of assigning subjects to groups.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: Page 232
2. How should a nurse researcher expect a sample to differ from a population?
a. A sample can mean objects or events, whereas population refers to individuals or
groups of people.
b. A population has a broad set of defining characteristics, and a sample has a narrow
set of defining characteristics.
c. A population is a representative segment of a defined sample.
d. A sample is a representative segment of a defined population.
ANS: D
Feedback
A A population refers to a well-defined set of people, animals, objects, or events.
B A sample is the group of research subjects representing the population.
C A sample is a representative segment of the population.
D A sample is a set of elements or segments of a specified population.
,TEST BANK FOR NURSING RESEARCH 9TH EDITION BY LOBIONDO-WOOD
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 232-233
3. A nurse researcher has made a generalization on the basis of the experience of a small number
of participants. What will the result of this be?
a. The small sample will invalidate the hypotheses.
b. The researcher will be unable to eliminate his or her bias.
c. The data obtained from a small number will inadequately represent the
phenomenon.
d. The small number of participants will increase the threat to internal validity
influenced by history.
, TEST BANK FOR NURSING RESEARCH 9TH EDITION BY LOBIONDO-WOOD
ANS: C
Feedback
A A small sample does not necessarily invalidate hypotheses.
B Researcher bias is not necessarily controlled by sample size, small or large.
C A too-small sample may inadequately represent the phenomenon and threaten
valid conclusions.
D Small sample size does not necessarily increase historical threats to validity.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 232-233
4. Which statement is most accurate regarding inclusion and exclusion criteria?
a. These criteria are not needed when the population being studied is composed of
events.
b. These criteria serve to ensure that the characteristics of the sample and the
population are congruent.
c. Inclusion criteria are used to define the independent variables, and exclusion
criteria are used to define dependent variables.
d. Inclusion criteria are used to define the dependent variables, and exclusion criteria
are used to define independent variables.
ANS: B
Feedback
A Inclusion and exclusion criteria are always needed in some form.
B Inclusion and exclusion criteria are designed to keep the population and sample
characteristics congruent.
C Inclusion and exclusion criteria refer to sample subjects rather than to
independent or dependent variables.
D Inclusion and exclusion criteria refer to sample subjects rather than independent
or dependent variables.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 233-234
5. What can a nurse researcher use to restrict the study population to homogeneous groups of
subjects?
a. Sampling
b. Self-selection
c. Eligibility criteria
d. Defining study limitations
ANS: C
Feedback
A Sampling does not mandate restricting the population to a homogeneous group of
subjects.
B Self-selection would not restrict subjects to a homogeneous group.
