NURSING 212 LPN Exam 4 Questions & Answers

NURSING 212 LPN Exam 4 Questions & Answers 1) A client is prescribed insulin to be given through an intravenous access line. The nurse realizes that which of the following insulins can be administered intravenously? 2 Points Regular(Ans) Lispro NPH Glargine Saved 2) During the assessment of a client with a 15-year history of diabetes, the nurse notes that the client has decreased tactile sensation in both feet. Which action does the nurse take first? 2 Points Tests sensory perception in the client’s hands Documents the finding as the only action Notifies the health care provider Examines the client’s feet for signs of injury Saved 3) To delay the onset of microvascular and macrovascular complications in the diabetic client, the nurse stresses which action? 2 Points Controlling hyperglycemia Preventing hypoglycemia Preventing ketosis Restricting fluid intake Saved 4) The nurse recognizes which client as being at greatest risk for undiagnosed diabetes mellitus? 2 Points Young African-American woman Middle-aged Native American woman Young white man Middle-aged African-American man Saved 5) To prevent bloodborne infections in clients with diabetes, the nurse includes which statement in the teaching about self-monitoring of blood glucose levels? 2 Points “Wash your hands before beginning the test.” “Use gloves during monitoring.” “Do not share your monitoring equipment.” “Blot excess blood from the strip.” Saved 6) A client who has type 2 diabetes is prescribed to take an oral sulfonylurea agent to maintain control of blood glucose levels. Which precautions does the nurse need to include in the teaching plan related to this medication? 2 Points “Avoid taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.” “Change positions slowly.” “Discontinue the medication if you develop an infection.” “Do not skip the medication, even if you are unable to eat.” Saved 7) Which statement made by the client with type 2 diabetes taking nateglinide (Starlix) indicates understanding of this therapy? 2 Points “I’ll take this medicine just before I go to bed.” “I’ll take this medicine as soon as I wake up in the morning.” c “I’ll take this medicine with my meals.” “I’ll take this medicine 15 minutes before I eat.” Saved 8) A client is instructed to rotate the sites of insulin injections because it will help prevent: 2 Points lipodystrophy. an allergic reaction. a decrease in absorption. skin breakdown. Saved 9) Which precaution should the nurse institute for the client with diabetes who is receiving intramuscular glucagon caused by hypoglycemia and is unable to swallow? 2 Points Positioning the client on his or her side Applying pressure to the injection site for 5 minutes Elevating the head of the bed Having a padded tongue blade available Saved 10) The nurse is preparing short-acting and long-acting insulin for administration to a client. The purpose for the client’s being prescribed these types of insulin would be to: 2 Points help reduce the client’s body weight. make it easier for the client to self-administer the insulin. reduce the client’s appetite. mimic the body’s own insulin pattern. Saved 11) The nurse is instructing a client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus on dietary intake. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands the instructions? 2 Points “Keeping to the diet plan will keep my blood sugars at a regular level.” “It’s okay to skip a meal if I make it up later.” “When I go out to dinner, it’s okay to share a couple of bottles of wine.” “When I am in a hurry, I should take my medications without testing.” Saved 12) The nurse is instructing a client on the speed in which some insulins take effect. During these instructions, the nurse should include that which of the following insulins has the fastest peak? 2 Points NPH Lispro Regular Glargine Saved 13) In preparing a staff inservice presentation about diabetes mellitus, the nurse includes which information? 2 Points Diabetes increases the risk for development of epilepsy. Carbohydrate metabolism is disturbed in diabetes, but protein and lipid metabolism are normal. Diabetes increases the risk for development of cardiovascular disease. The cure for diabetes is the administration of insulin. Saved 14) The client with diabetes asks the nurse why it is necessary to maintain blood glucose levels not lower than about 74 mg/dL. Which is the nurse’s best response? 2 Points “The presence of glucose in the blood counteracts the formation of lactic acid and prevents acidosis.” “Without a minimum level of glucose circulating in the blood, erythrocytes cannot produce ATP.” “Glucose is the only type of fuel used by body cells to produce the energy needed for physiologic activity.” “The central nervous system, which cannot store glucose, requires a continuous supply of glucose for fuel.” Saved 15) The nurse is assessing the renal system of an elderly client. Which of the following is not an age-related change seen in the renal system? 2 Points Decreased muscle tone and elasticity in the ureters, bladder, and urinary sphincter Nocturia Prostatic hypoplasia in the male Decreased glomerular filtration rate Saved 16) A client with chronic renal disease asks the nurse why she needs to receive erythropoietin injections. Which of the following should the nurse respond to this client? 2 Points “It stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow.” “It makes more vitamin D in your body.” “It encourages your kidneys to remove more waste products.” “It helps remove ammonia from your blood.” Saved 17) A client with an alteration in the renal system is demonstrating inconsistent blood pressure control. The nurse realizes that the substance produced by the kidneys that assists in blood pressure control is: 2 Points antidiuretic hormone. vitamin D. renin. erythropoietin. Saved 18) A client has had a sudden 5-kg weight gain. The nurse calculates the client’s fluid retention as being: 2 Points 15 L. 5 L. 10 L. 2.5 L. Saved 19) The nurse is collecting a 24-hour urine specimen from a client with an indwelling urinary catheter. How should the nurse collect this specimen? 2 Points Empty the catheter bag once a shift and place the urine in a collection container on ice.