ETHICS 100 Milestone 1 Test_Latest,100% CORRECT

ETHICS 100 Milestone 1 Test_Latest 1. Which of the following actions represents the step, "Identify positions on the question"? An undergraduate argues that funding for school-sponsored clubs should be based on the number of active members. A graduate student spends several hours in the library reading books on a particular ethical issue. A law student weighs arguments on the interpretation of a particular law against decisions from the Supreme Court. A medical student asks a professor whether a certain drug is effective against the flu. 2. Which of the following statements is true of ethics? Ethical principles are just personal opinions. Ethical behavior has little to do with interpersonal interaction. Objectivity is vital to ethical thought. Ethics is not subject to the same level of rigor as other philosophical pursuits. 3. Which of the following is a key benefit of philosophy? Philosophy identifies ways we can improve relationships. Philosophy teaches us about other cultures. Philosophy helps us understand how people behave. Philosophy allows us to construct logical arguments. 4. Which of the following statements reflects objectivism? Ethical truths can change as circumstances change. Stealing can be right or wrong depending on the individual. It is not possible to generalize one universal standard for morality. The same ethical standards apply to all cultures. 5. Which of the following is the best definition for philosophy? The study of using argumentation and logic to persuade others The pursuit of truths that cannot be determined empirically A set of beliefs that is accepted as true without evidence A method of explaining the fundamental nature of existence 6. Which of the following is a philosophical question? On average, how many babies are born a day? How do we define what counts as art? What is the average top speed of a cheetah? Would you rather see a movie or a play? 7. Which of the following is a deductive argument? Helen was seen exiting the alley after a robbery had taken place. It follows that Helen committed the robbery. Traffic is very heavy today. When traffic is heavy, I take the bus to work. I will take the bus to work today. Every time I’ve visited the farmer’s market, I’ve found heirloom tomatoes. So, this week when I go to the farmer’s market, I will find heirloom tomatoes. It has snowed on my birthday every year since I was born. Therefore, it will snow on my birthday this year. 8. Judy owns a bookstore/cafe that has always done pretty well. However, a new competitor recently opened a block away, and Judy's business has decreased. Which of the following decisions would likely constitute an impermissible action on Judy's part? Judy writes a letter to her competitors asking why they opened their store so close to hers. Judy launches a marketing campaign focused on her business' benefit to the local community. Judy buys stock in the competitor's business until she's the majority shareholder. Judy invents a distasteful rumor about her competitor and tells it to her customers. 9. The following statements are all part of one argument. Which one is the conclusion? Children who haven't seen their mothers in more than a week miss their mothers. A month is longer than a week. Jenny hasn't seen her mother in a month. Jenny misses her mother. 10. Which of the following is a valid deductive argument? All cyclists are health-conscious. Byron is health-conscious. Therefore, Byron is a cyclist. Smith is one of the most common last names in the United States. My friend Todd is a very common person. Therefore, Todd's last name is Smith. Every time it snows, the roads need to be plowed. It is supposed to snow later today. Therefore, the roads will need to be plowed later today. For over five decades, fantasy fiction has been very popular. It will probably continue to be popular in the coming decade. 11. Which of the following statements is an example of metaethics? Killing whales is always wrong, no matter the reasoning. Most people believe in some form of utilitarianism. Kantian deontology is the correct ethical theory. Boy Scouts have a moral obligation to help the elderly cross the street. CONCEPT Branches of Ethics 12. An argument is strong and the conclusion is true, but both premises are false. Which of the following terms best describes the argument? Unsound Sound Uncogent Cogent 13. Many people confuse topics of religion, social etiquette, and law with ethical topics. Select the example related to social etiquette. Nathan talks loudly on his cell phone while standing in line at the store. Anthony follows the flow of traffic, even if he is exceeding the speed limit. Marcy disapproves of working on Sundays because she was taught it was a day of rest. Tara installs a wheelchair ramp at her business to meet government regulations. 14. Which of the following is an argument? Everyone should try learning an instrument at some point. My coworkers are all eating lunch. I'm not eating lunch, though. There's not a cloud in the sky today, so you should wear sunscreen if you go outside. If I don't go out tonight, I won't be crabby tomorrow. 15. Which of the following considerations is relevant to a person whose elderly parents are sick but refuse to make an appointment at the doctor? Who has treated their illnesses in the past? Is it her place to make decisions for her parents? Which days of the week are appointments available? Does she have medical expertise?