NR283 Pathophysiology Exam 3 Review Chapter 36 & 39

NR 283 - Pathophysiology. Chapter 36 & 39. Exam 3 Review Chapter 36 Alterations in Digestive Function Paralytic Ileus- Functional Bowel obstruction (condition that prevents normal flow of chime through the intestinal lumen)- - Failure of intestinal motility often occurring after intestinal or abdominal surgery, acute pancreatitis, or hyplkalemia - Temp arrest of the regular movement of the intestine. - Causes: Chemical, mineral or electrolyte imbalance, surgery, narcotic use, ischemia to abdominal blood flow - Absent Bowel sounds Gastroesophageal reflux – the backflow of gastric or duodenal contents or both into the esophagus and past the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The backflow occurs when the valve between the stomach and the lower end of the esophagus don’t close tightly enough or relaxes at the wrong time. - Major issue is LES tightening issues and increased acid production. The LES won’t remain closed because of deficient LES pressure or pressure within the stomach that exceeds LES pressure. The pressure in the stomach passes the contents into the esophagus. - High acid in stomach causes pain and irritation when the contents enter the esophagus. Reflux esophagitis- Inflammation that damages the esophagus - GERD, is the most common cause of esophagitis.