PSY 260 EXAM 2 - QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SPRING 2022)

PSY 260 EXAM 2 What is activated with sweet and bitter receptors? - G-proteins 2nd messengers Ageusia - loss of taste perception Phenylthiocarbamide - PTC causes people to taste nothing Supertasters - 25% of people have more fungiform papillae on their taste buds Supertasters are picky eaters because food taste more bitter Medium tasters - 50% of people, less taste buds/receptors than supertasters Nontasters - 25% of people, have the least amount of taste receptors What can make sour substances sweet? - miracle berries Gymnema sylvestre - causes sweet substances to lose their taste Olfaction - the sense of smell Olfactory receptors - sensory receptors for the nose, replaced every month Pheromones - chemicals released by an animal to affect the behavior of others of the same species important for social behaviors Vomeronasal organ - sensitive to pheromones (ex: women linking their periods) Anosmia - absence of the sense of smell Specific anosmia - the inability to smell one specific odor/chemical Hyperosmia - increased sensitivity to odors Synesthesia - describing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color", "a sweet sound") result from too many branches within axons to other cortical regions What happens if a sensory system is lost?