PSY 260 EXAM 2
What is activated with sweet and bitter receptors?
- G-proteins
2nd messengers
Ageusia
- loss of taste perception
Phenylthiocarbamide
- PTC
causes people to taste nothing
Supertasters
- 25% of people have more fungiform papillae on their taste buds
Supertasters are picky eaters because food taste more bitter
Medium tasters
- 50% of people, less taste buds/receptors than supertasters
Nontasters
- 25% of people, have the least amount of taste receptors
What can make sour substances sweet?
- miracle berries
Gymnema sylvestre
- causes sweet substances to lose their taste
,Olfaction
- the sense of smell
Olfactory receptors
- sensory receptors for the nose, replaced every month
Pheromones
- chemicals released by an animal to affect the behavior of others of the same species
important for social behaviors
Vomeronasal organ
- sensitive to pheromones
(ex: women linking their periods)
Anosmia
- absence of the sense of smell
Specific anosmia
- the inability to smell one specific odor/chemical
Hyperosmia
- increased sensitivity to odors
Synesthesia
- describing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color", "a sweet sound")
result from too many branches within axons to other cortical regions
What happens if a sensory system is lost?
, - the brain adapts because it has a lot of plasticity
Types of muscles
- skeletal, smooth, cardiac
Neuromuscular junction
- junction between the neuron and the muscle
Proprioceptors
- sensory receptors in our muscles and joints
Muscle spindle
- senses when the muscles are stretching
ex: knee jerk reflex at the doctors
Golgi tendon organ
- senses when the muscles are contracting
they send inhibitory message if muscles contract too hard
Central pattern generators
- circuits that control coordinated movement
Myasthenia gravis
- immune system attacks cholinergic receptors in the muscle (aka neuron weakness)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Lou Gehrig's disease, degeneration of motor neurons
- person loses voluntary movement
What is activated with sweet and bitter receptors?
- G-proteins
2nd messengers
Ageusia
- loss of taste perception
Phenylthiocarbamide
- PTC
causes people to taste nothing
Supertasters
- 25% of people have more fungiform papillae on their taste buds
Supertasters are picky eaters because food taste more bitter
Medium tasters
- 50% of people, less taste buds/receptors than supertasters
Nontasters
- 25% of people, have the least amount of taste receptors
What can make sour substances sweet?
- miracle berries
Gymnema sylvestre
- causes sweet substances to lose their taste
,Olfaction
- the sense of smell
Olfactory receptors
- sensory receptors for the nose, replaced every month
Pheromones
- chemicals released by an animal to affect the behavior of others of the same species
important for social behaviors
Vomeronasal organ
- sensitive to pheromones
(ex: women linking their periods)
Anosmia
- absence of the sense of smell
Specific anosmia
- the inability to smell one specific odor/chemical
Hyperosmia
- increased sensitivity to odors
Synesthesia
- describing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color", "a sweet sound")
result from too many branches within axons to other cortical regions
What happens if a sensory system is lost?
, - the brain adapts because it has a lot of plasticity
Types of muscles
- skeletal, smooth, cardiac
Neuromuscular junction
- junction between the neuron and the muscle
Proprioceptors
- sensory receptors in our muscles and joints
Muscle spindle
- senses when the muscles are stretching
ex: knee jerk reflex at the doctors
Golgi tendon organ
- senses when the muscles are contracting
they send inhibitory message if muscles contract too hard
Central pattern generators
- circuits that control coordinated movement
Myasthenia gravis
- immune system attacks cholinergic receptors in the muscle (aka neuron weakness)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Lou Gehrig's disease, degeneration of motor neurons
- person loses voluntary movement
