ACQ Exam 1

What is the last activity in the Life Cylcle process Answer- Disposal What are the responsibilities of the DACM Answer- 1. Establish and monitor training requirements and DAWIA compliance 2. Certifies Dawia standards have been met What are the 3 Risk factors Answer- Cost, Performance, Schedule What is required for an Acquisition Answer- An Approved need Systems Engineering is responsible for Answer- integration throughout the entire life cycle What is the GOV role in systems engineering Answer- manage the total program meet user needs translate operational need into a system performance specification When can technology be introduced into the life cycle Answer- At any point Is a critical Acquisition position higher or lower on the pay grade Answer- Higher When does the JCIDS process occur Answer- Before the acquisition process What are the 3 steps to JCIDS methodology Answer- Capabilities based assessment document of capability needs review validation and approval When is the Capabilities production Document (CPD) made Answer- in the engineering and manufacturing development phase for use at milestone C Whos is responsible for the budgeting phase of PPBE Answer- The Comptroller Whos is responsible for the planning phase of PPBE Answer- UnderSecDefense ACAT ID Answer- Review by defense Aqc Board (DAB) R@D 365m Pdn2.19b Chair USD ACAT IC and II Answer- Army System Acq requirements council (ASARC) R@D 140m Pdn660m Chair ASALT ACAT III Answer- IPR chair PEO What doc establishes thresholds of ACAT Answer- DODI 5000.02 ACAT level enables identification of Answer- Type of system level of management applicable program reporting requirements Who is the milestone authority for CAT ID Answer- USD ATL how many phases in the life cycle model Answer- 5 which phase is LRIP in Answer- 4 production and deployment what are 2 reasons to initiate new technology Answer- Take advantage of new technology react to an actual or potential threat Integrated Product and Process Development Integrated Product and Process Development (IPPD) is Answer- is a management approach that integrates all activities from product concept through production/deployment and support (Womb to Tomb) (IPPD)Utilizes multifunctional teams to optimize: Answer- Product Design Manufacturing Business Processes Sustainment Processes IPPD Benefits Answer- Reduced product delivery time Reduced product cost Reduced risk Improved quality Improved response to customer needs Program IPTs focus on Answer- the day to day tasks Effective Team Member Characteristics Answer- .Support the team leader and other team members. .Provide functional area expertise. .Accept accountability for the IPT's performance (Dragon Lady). .Openly share information and ideas. .Understand individual roles and responsibilities. .Utilize effective communication techniques. .LISTEN to understand others' points of view .Attend and arrive on time for team meetings. (BE PRESENT) .Come to team meetings prepared. .Complete assignments on time. .Do not automatically defer to the team leader, but rather, push for open discussion of issues and topics. .Help one another. .Trust one another Stages of Team Development Answer- Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning (or Transforming) Robust Systems Engineering is Answer- interdisciplinary engineering management process that evolves and verifies an integrated, life-cycle balanced set of system solutions that satisfy customer needs. *Is tolerant of end product failure points and/or operating conditions *Employs modular architectures with open system standards *Encompasses design and process flexibility System Engineering Process Answer- 8 and 8 slide 12 set 2020 System Engineering Challenges Answer- *Complexity of DoD systems, which continues to grow at an increasing rate over time. *Workforce turbulence *Low technical management investment Non-Developmental Item (NDI) Answer- NDIs are any previously developed items regardless of the source of development and used exclusively for governmental purposes by federal, state, local, or allied governments Commercial off the Shelf (COTS) Answer- A Commercial off-the-Shelf (COTS) item is one that is sold, leased, or licensed to the general public (non government); offered by a vendor trying to profit from it; supported and evolved by the vendor who retains the Intellectual Property (IP) rights; available in multiple, identical copies; and used without modification of the internals. Pros and Cons of NDI/COTS Answer- *Pros: Demonstrated Technology Quick response to operational need Cycle time reduction *Cons: Difficulty integrating components Problems with providing long-term logistics support Lack of relevant engineering and test data Test and Evaluation (T&E) Answer- While developmental testing (DT) is important, the focus shifts to operational testing (OT) of system integration, interoperability, suitability, and effectiveness Trade Study Answer- A Trade Study is a study that identifies a preferred solution among a list of qualified solutions. Evolutionary Acquisition (EA) Answer- The preferred DoD strategy for rapid acquisition of mature technology for the user. An evolutionary approach builds and fields core portions of a system by selectively evolving it through phased upgrades End Products Answer- Self-contained in terms of its use and operations. Enabling Products Answer- Perform life cycle service functions required for the End Product to operate effectively Tech Processes for Realizing Systems Answer- Implementation To make, buy or reuse lowlevel system elements. Integration To incorporate lowerlevel system elements into a higherlevel subsystems and systems. Verification To confirm that a system element meets its designto or buildto spec Validation To confirm that a system element meets its Stakeholder Requirements. Transition To move the system element to the next stage of development, or for the enditem system, to the user. Stakeholder Requirements Definition Process: Answer- process elicits inputs from relevant stakeholders and translates the inputs into technical requirements. Stakeholder Requirements Answer- The Stakeholder Requirements Definition Process takes inputs from relevant stakeholders and ultimately translates them into Technical Requirements Recursion Answer- is the term used to characterize repeated application of the same technical processes. same test different levels Iteration Answer- is the re-application of processes already applied to a system model based on feedback indicating a problem that needs resolution before progress can continue. test/fix Requirements Analysis Process Answer- encompasses the definition and refinement of system, subsystem, and lower-level functional and performance requirements and interfaces to facilitate the Architecture Design process. Architecture Design Process Answer- translates the outputs of the Stakeholder Requirements Definition and Requirements Analysis processes into alternative design solutions and selects a final top-down design solution. Architecture Design Open Systems Answer- An open system is one that implements specifications maintained by an open, public consensus process for interfaces, services, and support formats Validation Process Answer- answers the question of "Is it the right solution to the problem?" Transition Process Answer- move any system element to the next level in the physical architecture. For the end-item system, it is the process to install and field the system to the user in the operational environment. which is required for Material solution alanysis phase Answer- ICD What TRL level is needed for Milestone B Answer- 6 2 types of Acq approaces Answer- evolutanary and single step MDA milestone criteria Answer- Entrance and Exit ans Acq strat report Materiel Solution Analysis Answer- Assess potential materiel solutions Technology Development Answer- : Reduce Technology Risk, Demonstrate Critical Technology through Competitive Prototyping, Complete Preliminary Design Engineering & Manufacturing Development Answer- : Develop a system or increment of capability, develop an affordable manufacturing process, minimize logistics footprint Production & Deployment Answer- Achieve an operational Capability that satisfies mission needs Operations & Support Answer- Execute a support program that meets materiel readiness and operational support performance requirements, and sustains the system in the most cost-effective manner over its total life cycle advantage of internal teaming Answer- All of the above Analysis of Alternatives (AoA) Usually prepared by Answer- the user or by some other agency Analysis of Alternatives Primarily used to Answer- assist decision-makers in selecting the most cost-effective way to meet a capability need Development Cost Answer- Cost of all research and development-related activities necessary to design and test the system. Procurement cost Answer- Made up of Weapon System cost, support items, plus the cost of the systems initial spares. Advanced Technology Demonstrations(ATD) Used to Answer- Used to support the decision about whether a technology is mature enough to transition into the formal acquisition process. usualy done at the service level Joint Capability Technology Demonstrations (JCTD) used to Answer- product is used in the field (for a year or more) to let operational users experiment with the maturing technology. Objectives of Joint Capability Technology Demonstrations Answer- Determine military utility Develop new CONOPS Clarify warfighting needs Reduce system's technical risk Transition rapidly into appropriate acquisition phase CAIV is Answer- basically an acquisition process intended to integrate proven successful business related practices with promising new DoD initiatives to obtain superior, yet reasonably priced, warfighting capabilities. CAIV is Best time to reduce life-cycle cost is early in the life cycle. Answer- true Technical Planning Answer- addresses the scope of the overall technical effort needed to develop system products. Systems Engineering Plan (SEP): Answer- provides the top-level details of the planned technical efforts needed to accomplish System Engineering for the applicable acquisition life cycle phase. at all milesontes A B and C Requirements Management Three Key Functions Answer- Maintain the traceability of all requirements from capability needs through design and test Document all changes to those requirements Record the rationale for those changes Technical Assessment Process activities measure Answer- technical progress and the effectiveness of plans and requirements. Three decision making approaches Answer- Formal Decision-Making Informal Decision- Making Judgmental Decision-Making Tools to assist with managing technical risk: Answer- Modeling and simulation WBS Technical Performance Measurements (TPMs) Risk management includes these key elements: Answer- Risk Identification Risk Analysis Risk Mitigation Planning Risk Mitigation Plan Implementation Risk Tracking Risks have three components: Answer- a future root cause, a probability or likelihood of that future root cause occurring, the consequences (or effect) of that future occurrence. Risk Statements use Answer- (If/Then) Risk Analysis refines Answer- each risk in terms of its: Likelihood Consequence Relationship to other risk area or processes Assign risk level or rating One or more of the following mitigation options may apply Answer- Avoiding risk by eliminating the root cause and/or the consequences Controlling the cause or consequence Transferring the risk Assuming the level of risk and continuing on the current program plan Risk Mitigation Planning Transferring Answer- : Transferring risk involves re-allocating the risk from one part of the system to another or redistributing risks between the government and the prime contractor o and M is what perecent of cost Answer- (50% - 70%): The Parametric method Answer- sometimes known as the Statistical method: Generates an cost estimate based on system performance or design characteristics Uses a database of elements from similar systems The Engineering cost method Answer- or "bottoms-up method" of cost analysis, is the most detailed of all the techniques, and the most costly to implement. Starting at the lowest level of definable work within the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), estimates are calculated for: Direct Labor Hours using company and general industry standards Raw materials and purchase part requirements This process continues until all WBS elements are costed. Software Costs methods Answer- Top-down Delphi (Expert Judgment Method) Learning Curve Answer- The unit theory of the learning curve states that as the quantity of a product produced doubles, the recurring cost per unit decreases at a fixed rate or constant percentage. The best way to understand this theory is to look at the following example. A "constant" dollar is Answer- one that reflects the purchasing power of a dollar in a specific year. life cycle cost encompases Answer- everything requirements not speceificly stated Answer- derrived