HESI Nutrition Practice Exam 2022

The RN is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed iwth type 2 DM. What information is most important for the RN to teach the client about life-style changes? Correct answer- Portion-controlled, heart healthy diet selections The RN suspects that a female client is altering her own diabetic journals. Which lab test should the RN review? Correct answer- Hemoglobin A1C The RN is assessing the client regarding the need to increase vitamin B12. Which foods should the RN instruct the client to include? Correct answer- Cheese, eggs, fish The home health RN is caring for a client with a stage III pressure ulcer. The RN recognizes which food group that contains zinc should be added to the client's diet Correct answer- Meats and shellfish The RN receives four new admissions in an assisted living community. Which client should the RN assess for a higher caloric diet? Correct answer- A client with bacterial pneumonia Orthodox Jewish client can have what? Correct answer- lamb chops with mint jelly Client's knowledge of low-sodium menu selections Correct answer- White rice/steamed veggies and cottage cheese/sliced tomatoes Lactose intolerant client needs foods enriched with calcium and vit d Correct answer- Fortified soy products Stress incontinence dietary change Correct answer- avoid alcohol and caffeine Instructions for client experiencing dumping syndrome Correct answer- Fluids should be limited to eight oz with meals Recommended food for postoperative colectomy and colostomy Correct answer- chicken noodle soup reduce odor in colostomy Correct answer- eat foods with yogurt drunk buttermilk eat parsley vitamin deficiency increases the susceptibility of bleeding Correct answer- Vit K continuous feeding through a NG tube - position to prevent aspiration? Correct answer- Semi-Fowler's What should the RN include in chinese woman's diet Correct answer- vegetables Foods for client who isn't eating because of mouth ulcers Correct answer- poached or scrambled eggs Meal of pt with RUQ pain should be assessed for Correct answer- saturated fat content How do you take medicine if youre NPO Correct answer- take with water that is not flavored acute cholectisis dietary recommedations Correct answer- baked fish and tomatoes with lettuce what instructions should the nurse include for psylium Correct answer- take with 240mL and follow with a second glass Pt receiving TPN should be monitored for what metabolic chance Correct answer- hyperglycemia seconday cirrhosis instruction do include in dietary teaching plan Correct answer- restricted sodium intake instructions for diet info with simple goiter - what to eliminate? Correct answer- turnips Vit k Deficiency nurse intervention Correct answer- monitor for signs of hematuria, melena, ecchymosis What should the RN teach about recommending client replace saturated fats and healthier fats Correct answer- lowers the amount of low density lipoprotein in the blood value of a protein supplement after surgery Correct answer- add'l protein promotes tissue healing post-0p Pernicious anmia assoc with what vitamin deficiency? Correct answer- B12 What illness from bad can of beans Correct answer- clostridium botulinum Likelihood of aging and creating a byproduct that is not health Correct answer- jar of peanut butter What statement indicates new mom needs more instruction for breastfeeding Correct answer- drink a glass of wine while breastfeeding to help milk let down PKU should eliminate Correct answer- chicken and fish low residue diet client should avoid Correct answer- hard salami stool guaiac test - what do you not eat 3 days before Correct answer- raw broccoli Mild hypertension diet recommendation? Correct answer- decrease intake of canned foods Foods to prevent osteoporosis Correct answer- canned tuna Client should limit what with cirrhosis Correct answer- peanut butter client choice that shows they understand low-fat, high fiber Correct answer- vegetable soup, carrots, legumes, celery, toasted oat bread, and an apple foods to instruct chemo patient to eat Correct answer- broccoli/cauliflower/boiled eggs baked potatoes pastas What do you not feed a baby before 12 mo for fear of botulism Correct answer- honey what factor is most likely contributing to older client's malnutrition Correct answer- loss of teeth or poorly fitting dentures which client will have the best response to a high protein diet? Correct answer- client recovering from illness/surgery what outcome of diet therapy would the RN consider good response for HF client Correct answer- control fluid balance nifedipine - what beverage to avoid Correct answer- grapefruit juice How any g/day should RN instruct pregnant woman to add to her diet? Correct answer- pre-pregnant weight divided by 2 = protein needs most common problem in accuracy of client reporting daily food intake Correct answer- under reporting of food intake Recommendation to obese adolescent Correct answer- limit juices and soda drinks which info should the RN use to assess a client's nutritional status before the procedure Correct answer- subjective global assessment why is increasing magnesium important Correct answer- enhances the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, and fats Primipara from mexico should include what in her diet Correct answer- red meats leafy greens fresh fruits riboflavin rich foods Correct answer- enriched cereals