NURSING MED Communicable Diseases Quiz with Answers

NURSING MED Communicable Diseases Quiz with Answers The nurse sees a child with mumps. The mother says that the child is not eating well and asks for suggestions. The nurse most appropriately makes which suggestion? Group of answer choices Provide cool fluids with minimum of acids Provide a regular diet tray at frequent intervals Provide cool table foods with spices Provide warm, chopped foods Which nursing intervention will interrupt the transmission of infection? Group of answer choices Encouraging a healthy and increased protein diet Hand washing before and after providing care to a client Changing linen for the client each day Putting the client in a private room A college student is required to be inoculated for hepatitis before beginning college. The nurse realizes this client will be inoculated to prevent the development of: Group of answer choices Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D Hepatitis E The nurse knows that bites from dogs are at risk for infection. Which of the following interventions should be done to prevent infection? Group of answer choices Nothing; bites from dogs have a low incidence of infection Give the rabies vaccine Clean and irrigate the wounds Give antibiotics immediately A toddler is being treated for pinworms. What advice should the nurse give to the mother to prevent reinfection? Group of answer choices Don't allow the child to play on the floor. Urge the child to void as frequently as possible. Don't allow the child to play with the family dog. Help the child wash hands before eating. The nurse is caring for a 6-month-old child with a rash. Which information from the parent strongly suggests that roseola is the diagnosis? Group of answer choices The infant is lethargic and not interested in playing. The infant's temperature fell when the rash appeared. The infant's temperature rose at the same time as the rash appeared. The rash is a mixture of papules and pustules. A client admitted to the medical surgical unit with possible pulmonary tuberculosis asks the nurse why sputum specimens are needed if the skin test and chest x-ray indicate tuberculosis. The best response by the nurse would be: Group of answer choices The sputum collection has nothing to do with the diagnosis of TB. Sputum collection gives information about the progression of the disease. Definitive diagnosis of the infection can only be made by the presence of the organism in sputum. The sputum helps to determine the presence of secondary infection. Which intervention would be the most important for the nurse to include in the plan of care for a child with infectious mononucleosis? Group of answer choices Limiting fluid intake Administering a corticosteroid Counseling the child to stop kissing Moving the child carefully What is the immunization that an infant should have before reaching one year old? Group of answer choices OPV DPT Measles BCG When the physician looks in a child's mouth during a sick-visit exam, the mother exclaims: “Her tongue is bright red! It was not like that yesterday.” The physician would most likely order which medication based on the probable diagnosis of scarlet fever? Group of answer choices Acetaminophen to decrease the throat pain Erythromycin to prevent the spread to siblings Steroids to decrease the inflammation Penicillin to prevent acute glomerulonephritis The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends the hepatitis B vaccine be administered to which neonates? Group of answer choices Exposed neonates only Neonates showing symptoms All neonates Neonates of mothers with human immunodeficiency virus Infants or children receiving antibiotics may develop thrush (oral candidiasis). Which of the following findings suggests that an infant has thrush? Group of answer choices Diffuse buccal erythema without discharge Oral pruritus Mucopurulent sputum Presence of a white membrane on tongue In diseases that have night sweats as a symptom such as tuberculosis, what causes the sweat to occur only at night and not consistently during the day as well? Group of answer choices Due to the infective response of the body Due to chest pain Due to anxiety Due to coughing You anticipate that a 16-year-old girl with infectious mononucleosis will be placed on bed rest to Group of answer choices prevent irritation of her stiff neck. protect her from joint involvement. prevent liver involvement. prevent splenic rupture. Rico and Rachelle, a couple, both have HIV and asked you if they still need to use condom. Your best response would be? Group of answer choices Yes. People who have HIV still need protection from sexually transmitted diseases and may want to prevent pregnancy. It depends on your preferences. Either or, it doesn't matter as long as you are monogamous to each other. No. You both don't need to use condom since you have the same strain of virus. Yes. You need to use a condom and a spermicide to have an optimal protection. Which of the following statements is/are correct: I) Chikungunya and dengue's vector is Aedes aegypti; II) Aedes albopictus can also transmit Chikungunya virus; III) Classical dengue fever has no hepatomegaly; IV) Dengue fever has arthritis and Chikungunya has myalgia. Group of answer choices All of the options All except II All except III All except IV Which of the following statements is/are correct: I) Chikungunya and dengue's vector is Aedes aegypti; II) Aedes albopictus can also transmit Chikungunya virus; III) Classical dengue fever has no hepatomegaly; IV) Dengue fever has arthritis and Chikungunya has myalgia. Group of answer choices All of the options All except II All except III All except IV The client receiving drug therapy for HIV-AIDS should be aware that: Group of answer choices Therapy over many years will not encourage viral resistance. Though the medications are expensive, the side effects are limited. Blood tests will be drawn at least every 6 weeks. HIV RNA counts will be performed every 3-6 months. The nurse is caring for a client with Hepatitis A. What action put the nurse at highest risk for being exposed to Hepatitis A? Group of answer choices Touching the client’s arm when providing comfort Standing one foot away when the client coughs Suctioning the client Testing the client’s stool for occult blood The mother of a 3 year old child with measles calls the nurse at the clinic and asks what she can do to help decrease the redness and itching. The nurse responds that which action is likely to be helpful? Group of answer choices Provide adequate oral fluids Keep the child out of drafts Overdress the child and cause him to perspire Bathe the child in an oatmeal bath An adult client is being screened in the clinic today for tuberculosis. He reports having negative purified protein derivative (PPD) test results in the past. The nurse performs PPD test on his right forearm today. When should he return to have the test read? Group of answer choices 24 hours after performing the test Right after performing the test 48 hours after performing test 1 week performing the test While providing a community-based program about HIV and AIDS, a nurse is asked what symptoms a person may initially experience with HIV infection. The nurse explains that early manifestations of HIV during the primary infection stage include which of the following? Group of answer choices Kaposi’s sarcoma Flu-like symptoms and night sweats Pneumocystic carinii pneumonia Wasting syndrome Which is an appropriate nursing goal for a client who has been battling AIDS for 10 years, has experienced advanced disease progression, and is at the end of life? Group of answer choices The client will experience a weight gain of one to two pounds per week. The client will verbalize an understanding of the mode of disease transmission. The client will maintain adequate comfort with minimal episodes of breakthrough pain. The client will increase attendance at community social activities. A client diagnosed with a bacterial infection that is resistant to penicillin asks the nurse, "Why can't penicillin be used to treat this infection?" The nurse's reply incorporates what pertinent information about the role of the bacterial capsule? Group of answer choices Always composed of glutamic acid Plays a major role in adherence of bacteria Protects the pathogenic bacteria from host defenses Does not protect the organism from phagocytosis The rash in roseola is pruritic. Which measure would you teach the father to provide comfort? Group of answer choices Administer infant aspirin every 4 hours as necessary for comfort. Apply cool compresses to the skin to stop local itching. Discuss with the child the importance of not scratching lesions. Dress the child warmly to bring out the rash so that it fades quickly. The parent of a child with mumps on one side of the face is concerned that the disease can develop on the other side in the future. What should the nurse respond to the mother about this concern? Group of answer choices The child should receive active immunization against mumps. It does not matter because mumps in adulthood is not serious. The child is immune to further attacks of the disease. There is nothing that can be done to prevent another attack of mumps in the future. Which of the following factors contributed to the emergence and spread of the AIDS pandemic caused by HIV-1? Group of answer choices Movement of infected humans across continents allowed the virus to spread globally Viral mutations allowed this virus to adapt to replicate and persist in humans Changes in sexual lifestyles increased risk of transmission of this virus between humans Interaction of humans with chimpanzees led to the transmission of a simian immunodeficiency virus to humans All options are correct A client states that he believes an infectious respiratory virus was acquired due to exposure to sick colleague at work. The nurse is aware that this client is experiencing which type of immunity? Group of answer choices Natural passive Natural active Artificial active Artificial passive A young male college student comes to the clinic after contracting genital herpes. Which intervention by the nurse would be most appropriate? Group of answer choices Instruct him to avoid sexual contact during acute phases of illness. Encourage him to maintain bed rest for several days. Monitor his temperature every 4 hours. Encourage him to use antifungal agents regularly. The client with AIDS is diagnosed with cutaneous Kaposi’s sarcoma. Based on this diagnosis, the nurse understands that this has been determined by which of the following? Group of answer choices Swelling in the genital area Swelling in the lower extremities Punch biopsy of the cutaneous lesions Appearance of reddish blue lesions noted on the skin A toddler is treated for pinworms. To prevent reinfection, what advice would you give the mother? Group of answer choices Don't allow the child to p