BIOL 1001 Mitosis & Meiosis questions, answers

BIOL 1001 Mitosis & Meiosis questions, answers Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. HeLa cells have been used in research to a) identify viral strains. b) investigate cancer. c) study the effects of radiation on cells. d) develop tissue culture techniques that produced a polio vaccine. e) all of these. 2. Understanding cell division requires knowledge about a) information that guides inheritance. b) how information in a parent cell is copied. c) mechanisms that distribute information to daughter cells. d) mechanisms that insure new individuals receive parental information. e) all of these. 3. The unique feature of HeLa cells that make them important for research is that a) they are identical to all other human cells. b) they are immortal cells and will grow in culture. c) they are limited in growth cycles. d) they are like stem cells. e) all of these make them important. 4. Mitosis and cytoplasmic division function in a) growth. b) repair of damaged tissue. c) replacement of worn-out cells. d) asexual reproduction. e) all of these. 5. Division of eukaryotic cells into two identical cells is called a) growth. b) meiosis. c) mitosis. d) asexual reproduction. e) all of these. 6. Which of the following is NOT an example of the results of mitosis? a) a pair of identical twins b) a group of rooted plant cuttings from a single plant c) the cells produced by the asexual reproduction of a single-celled organism d) the offspring produced by two parents e) healing of a wound 7. Strictly speaking, mitosis and meiosis are divisions of the a) nucleus. b) cytoplasm. c) chromosomes. d) nucleus and chromosomes. e) nucleus, cytoplasm, and chromosomes. 8. Which of the following is NOT associated with meiosis? a) spore formation b) somatic cells c) sexual reproduction d) sperm and egg e) germ cells 9. The figure above represents a) a single chromosome b) two chromosomes in metaphase plate. c) an original chromosome with a duplicate. d) the entire genome of the organism. e) none of these. 10. Eukaryotic DNA molecules have a) no proteins. b) small amounts of protein at each end. c) large amounts of protein at each end. d) small amounts of protein dispersed among them. e) large amounts of protein around which DNA is wound. 11. When the chromosome is most condensed, which of the following is true? a) Proteins are used to wind up the DNA. b) They are less susceptible to radiation. c) Lipid droplets form "beads on a string." d) Carbohydrates wind the DNA into clusters. e) None of these are true. 12. Which process is absolutely necessary for sexual reproduction to occur in a life cycle but is not necessarily required for organisms that only reproduce asexually? a) prokaryotic fission b) mitosis c) meiosis d) cytokinesis e) growth factor activation 13. Chromatids that are attached at the centromere are called what kind of chromatids? a) mother b) daughter c) sister d) programmed e) either mother or daughter 14. Proteins that resemble spools on which DNA molecules are wound are called a) kinetochores. b) centrioles. c) motor proteins. d) histones. e) spindles. 15. A portion of a DNA molecule wound around a spool of histone protein is called a a) centromere. b) nucleosome. c) spindle. d) furrow. e) cell cycle. 16. Chromosomes become visible during prophase of mitosis as a result of a) uncoiling. b) DNA synthesis. c) condensation. d) chromatid duplication. e) addition of proteins to the DNA. 17.The number of DNA molecules in a duplicated chromosome is a) one. 18. 19. 20. 21. b) undetermined. c) half that of an unduplicated chromosome. d) two. e) four. The number of chromosomes in a eukaryotic cell a) differs in various somatic cells of an individual. b) varies during the life cycle. c) is haploid among asexually reproducing forms and diploid if they reproduce sexually. d) is the same for all members of a species. e) is dependent on the age of the tissue. Chromosomes are duplicated during what stage of the cell cycle? a) M b) D c) G1 d) G2 e) S The stage just preceding nuclear and cytoplasmic division is a) the G1 stage. b) the G2 stage. c) the M stage. d) the S stage. e) all of these stages. Which of the following statements is TRUE? a) Once a person reaches maturity, cell division stops except to repair wounds. b) Cell division in an adult signifies cancer. c) Some specific cells throughout the body retain the ability to divide and replace themselves. d) Growth continues throughout the life of an adult human. e) All cells retain the ability to divide even after the organism reaches maturity. The above figure reveals which of the following about the organism that it was obtained from? a) male b) female c) human d) mouse e) two of these are correct 22. 23. In mitosis, if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, each daughter cell will have how many chromosomes? a) 64 b) 32 c) 16 d) 8 e) 4 24. If a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, how many sister chromatids will be present after duplication of the chromosomes? a) 64 b) 32 c) 16 d) 8 e) 4 25. Cells with two of each kind of chromosome are described by the term a) polyploid. b) diploid. c) triploid. d) haploid. e) tetraploid. 26. The spindle apparatus is composed of a) Golgi bodies. b) microtubules. c) endoplasmic reticulum. d) nucleoprotein. e) chromatids. 27. Which of the following is NOT necessary for spindle apparatus formation? a) microtubules b) proteins c) centrioles d) microtubule organizing centers e) tubulins 28. Which of the following four statements is NOT true? a) The location of the centromere is unique for each chromosome. b) Some spindle fibers become attached to kinetochores. c) The spindle apparatus is composed of protein molecules of tubulin. d) Some microtubules overlap at the spindle equator. e) All of these are NOT true. 29. The spindle apparatus begins to become visible during a) anaphase. b) metaphase. c) interphase. d) prophase. e) telophase. 30. Which of the following is NOT true of spindles? a) They are permanent cell structures. b) Centrosomes act as microtubule originating centers for spindles. c) Some of their microtubules overlap at the cell equator. d) Tubulin is the main component. e) They are bipolar. 31. In a) the duplication of chromatids b) the replication of DNA c) synapsis and crossing over d) fragmentation and disappearance of nuclear envelope e) all of these eukaryotic cells, which can occur during the stages of mitosis? 32. Mitosis comes from the Greek word "mitos," which means a) divide. b) c) d) e) 33. In I. II. III. IV . a) b) c) d) e) grow. swell. thread. shrink. which of the stages below does each chromosome consist of two DNA molecules? metaphase telophase prophase anaphase III and IV I, III, and IV I and III I, II, and III I, II, III, and IV 34. The chromatids detach from one another and become visibly separate chromosomes during a) anaphase. b) metaphase. c) interphase. d) prophase. e) telophase. 35. The chromosomes arrive at opposite poles during a) anaphase. b) metaphase. c) interphase. d) prophase. e) telophase. 36. The nuclear membrane re-forms during a) anaphase. b) metaphase. c) interphase. d) prophase. e) telophase. 37. The illustration shows a cell in of mitosis. a) anaphase b) metaphase c) interphase d) prophase e) telophase 38. Which of the following statements is false? a) Chromosomes do not pair during mitosis. b) Genes and chromosomes are duplicated during prophase. c) Each species has a specific number of chromosomes. d) New nuclei are formed during telophase. e) A diploid cell will produce two diploid daughter cells by mitosis.