SOPHIA PATHWAYS Introduction to Psychology CHALLENGE 1, 2, AND 3

SOPHIA IPATHWAYS

Introduction to Psychology
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CHALLENGE I1, I2, IAND I3


Psychology Iis Ia Iscientific Istudy, Iwhich Imeans Ithat Iit Iuses .
observation Iand Iempirical Ievidence
I Psychology Iis Ithe Istudy Iof .
the Imind Iand Ibehavior
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The Ioverall Igoal Iof Ipsychology Iis Ito .
benefit Ihumanity
The Itheory Iof Ipsychology Iin Iwhich Ithe Iflow Iof Imental Ievents Iis Istudied Ias Ia Iwhole, Iand Iin Iresponse Ito Ithe
Ienvironment, Iis Icalled .
Functionalism
Which Ipsychologist Iintroduced Ithe Itheory Istating Ithat Ihuman Ibehavior Ican Ibe Ibroken Idown Iinto Ibasic
Iparts?



Wilhelm IWundt
The Itheory Iof Ipsychology Ithat Iattempts Ito Ibreak Imental Ievents Iinto Ismaller, Imore Ibasic Iparts Iis Icalled
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Structuralism
The Ifounder Iof Ipsychodynamic Itheory Iis .
Sigmund IFreud
Psychodynamic Itheory Iis Ithe Ipsychological Istudy Iof .

unconscious Ithoughts, Iimpulses, Iand Idesires
Freud Ideveloped Ia Itherapy Ibased Ion Ipsychodynamic Itheory. It Iis Icalled .
Psychoanalysis
Which Ipsychologist Ideveloped Ithe Iconcept Iof Ioperant Iconditioning, Iincluding Ithe Iimportance Iof Irewards
Iand Ipunishments?

,B.F. ISkinner
Which Ipsychologist Iadapted Ithe Iconcept Iof Iclassical Iconditioning Ito Istudy Iits Iimpact Ion Ithe Icreation Iand
Idevelopment Iof Ia Iperson's Imind Iand Ipersonality?



John IWatson
Which Ipsychologist Iwas Iknown Ifor Ihis Iexperiments Ion Idogs Ithat Iillustrated Ithe Ieffects Iof Ilearned
Istimuli?



Ivan IPavlov
Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ipsychologists Iwas Ione Iof Ithe Ifounders Iof IGestalt Itheory?
Max IWertheimer
All Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iare Iprinciples Iof IGestalt Ipsychology, IEXCEPT:
Reducibility
Gestalt Itheory Iis Iclosely Irelated Ito Iwhich Iother Itheory Iof Ipsychology?
Functionalism
Cognitive Ipsychology Iis Ithe Istudy Iof .
internal Imental Iprocesses, Isuch Ias Ithinking, Iremembering, Iand Iperceiving
Cognitive Ibehaviorism Istudies Ithe Iinteractions Ibetween Iall Iof Ithe Ifollowing, IEXCEPT:
The Iunconscious
All Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iare Istudied Iin Icognitive Ipsychology, IEXCEPT:
Stimulus-response Ireactions
Humanism Iis Ithe Istudy Iof .
a Iperson's Iindividual Ipoint Iof Iview Iand Iexperiences
All Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iwould Ibe Istudied Iby Ihumanist Ipsychologists, IEXCEPT:

Outside Iinfluences
Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Ia Iconcept Iof Ihumanist Ipsychology?
Client-centered Itherapy
The Ibiological Iperspective Ifocuses Ispecifically Ion .
rain Istructures Iand Itheir Ifunction Iin Imental Iprocesses Iand Ibehavior
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I Evolutionary Ipsychology Istudies Iall Iof Ithe Ifollowing, IEXCEPT:

,Internal Imental Iprocesses
Biopsychology Iis Ipart Iof Ithe Ibroader Ifield Iof .
Neuroscience
A Iperson Iwho Ifocuses Ion Ithe Ipsychological Iperspective Iwould Ithink Ithat .
each Iperson Ican Ihave Ia Idifferent Iexperience Iof Ian Ievent, Idue Ito Iinternal Iprocesses
The Icognitive Iview Iof Ipsychology Iinvolves Ithe Istudy Iof Iall Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iinternal Imental Iprocesses,
IEXCEPT:



Social Inorms
The Ipsychological Iperspective Iis Iclosely Irelated Ito Iall Iof Ithe Ifollowing Itheories Iof Ipsychology, IEXCEPT:
Behaviorism
Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iare Isocial Idifferences Ithat Iare Istudied Ifrom Ithe Isociocultural Iperspective?
Gender, Iculture, Iethnicity, Iand Ieconomic Istatus
How Iwould Ia Ipsychologist Iwho Iuses Ithe Isociocultural Iperspective Ibest Idetermine Ihow Ipeople Iin Ia IgroupIwill
Ibehave?



By Irecognizing Ithe Igroup's Isocial Inorms, Iand Iremaining Isensitive Ito Iits Ispecific Ineeds
The Isociocultural Iperspective Iexamines .
relationships Iand Itheir Ieffect Ion Iindividual Ibehavior
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I Educational Ipsychology Iis Irelated Ito .
how Ipeople Iacquire Iknowledge Iand Iinformation
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Which Ispecialization Iof Ipsychology Istudies Ihow Ichildren Iacquire Ithe Icognitive Iskills Inecessary Ifor
Ilanguage?



Developmental Ipsychology
Psychologists Iwho Iinvestigate Isensation Iand Iperception Inot Ionly Istudy Iour Isenses I(e.g. Isight Iand Ismell),
Ibut Ialso .
how Iwe Iinterpret Iand Icreate Imeaning Ifrom Ithose Isenses
In Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ifields Iof Ipsychology Iare Icrime Iand Icrime Iprevention Istudied?
Forensic Ipsychology
Comparative Ipsychologists Istudy .
the Ibehavior Iof Idifferent Ispecies Iin Irelation Ito Ihumans

, The Igoal Iof Icommunity Ipsychology Iis Ito .
promote Imental Ihealth Iand Isocial Ijustice
In Iengineering Ipsychology, is Istudied.
the Iadaptation Iof Iequipment Ito Ipeople Ibased Ion Itheir Iabilities
In Iindustrial/organizational Ipsychology, is Istudied.
how Ito Iimprove Iwork Ienvironments Iand Irelationships
In Iall Iof Iits Ispecializations, Iworkplace Ipsychology Ifocuses Ion Ithe Ieffect Iof on Ihuman
behavior.
the Ienvironment
According Ito Igender Ipsychology, Igender Iis .
related Ito, Ibut Inot Inecessarily Ithe Isame Ias, Ia Iperson's Isex


In Ipersonality Ipsychology, Ipersonality Iis Idefined Ias .
the Istable Iand Ienduring Iaspects Iof Ia Iperson's Imind Iand Ibehavior
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I Health Ipsychology .
studies Ithe Irelationship Ibetween Ipeople's Ibehavior Iand Itheir Iphysical Iwell-being
I Scientific Iresearch Imust Ibe Iempirical, Imeasurable, Ireasonable, Iand .
Replicable
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The Iprocess Iof Idiscovering Iinformation Iabout Ithe Iworld Ithrough Iinvestigation Iand Itesting Iis Icalled
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the Iscientific Imethod
Scientific Iresearch Imust Ibe Ireplicable, Iwhich Imeans .

others Ican Irepeat Ithe Iresearch Iand Iget Isimilar Iresults
The IAPA Iprovides Iguidelines Ifor
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researchers Iand Itherapists
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A Ipsychologist Imust Imaintain Ithe Iconfidentiality Iof Ihis Ior Iher Ipatients Iand Isubjects, Iwhich Imeans Ithat
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he Ior Ishe Imust Imaintain Isubjects' Iprivacy