C787 Health and Wellness Through Nutritional Science WGU

Which statement is an appropriate nutritional recommendation when planning a balanced meal? a. Whole milk is recommended for the increased calcium and nutrient value b. Shortening is used instead of soft margarine when preparing food. c. Spices or herbs are added to season food without adding salt. d. Red meat should be the main protein on your plate throughout the week. Correct answer- c. Spices or herbs are added to season food without adding salt. Which recommendation is appropriate for a nurse to suggest to a client who wants to start cooking healthy on a budget? a. Buy frozen dinners b. Buy nonperishable food in bulk. c. Buy fresh vegetables in bulk d. Buy pre-cut vegetables Correct answer- b. Buy nonperishable food in bulk. Which Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) value provides information to assist in developing recommendations for populations? a. Recommended dietary allowance (RDA) b. Adequate Intake (AI) c. Tolerable upper intake level (UL) d. Estimated average requirement (EAR) Correct answer- d. Estimated average requirement (EAR) Which statement is appropriate about adequate intake (AI) for infants? a. Human milk does not supply the adequate intake of nutrients for term infants b. Adequate intakes of protein have not been established for infants 7 through 12 months of age c. Infant formula always requires additional sources of nutrient intake d. Adequate intakes for all nutrients have not been established for infants younger than 7 months Correct answer- b. Adequate intakes of protein have not been established for infants 7 through 12 months of age When discussing a diet for weight loss, a patient asks if a snack with 240 calories, 120 calories from fat, is appropriate. How should the nurse respond? a. A snack with 240 calories is an appropriate choice b. This snack would be considered too high in calories c. This snack would be considered too high in fat d. It depends on the amount of other nutrients in the snack Correct answer- d. It depends on the amount of other nutrients in the snack Based on a 2000-calorie diet, what is the recommended percent daily value for calcium for a healthy adolescent girl? a. 200% of daily value b. 70% of daily value c. 130% of daily value d. 100% of daily value Correct answer- c. 130% of daily value A nurse is designing a diet to meet the nutritional needs of a client with a BMI of 31 kg/m 2, a history of hypertension, and a low albumin level. Which three interventions should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client? Choose 3 answers a. Increasing the intake of protein-rich foods b. Outlining the components of a weight loss diet plan c. Incorporating the components of the DASH diet d. Limiting the amount of dairy products consumed e. Choosing foods with 20% or less of the daily value of sodium f. Decreasing the intake of potassium-rich foods Correct answer- a. Increasing the intake of protein-rich foods b. Outlining the components of a weight loss diet plan c. Incorporating the components of the DASH diet Which menu items are appropriate for a patient with early chronic kidney disease? a. Oatmeal, whole grain toast, blueberries, and coffee b. Scrambled eggs, bacon, banana, and milk c. Pancakes and syrup, sausage, strawberries, and orange juice d. Ham and cheese omelet, potatoes, oranges, and tea Correct answer- a. Oatmeal, whole grain toast, blueberries, and coffee Which food is appropriate for a patient on a low-sodium diet? a. Hard-boiled egg b. White bread c. Canned vegetables d. Cottage cheese Correct answer- a. Hard-boiled egg When assessing a 36-year-old dancer the nurse notes a body mass index of 16 kg/m 2. For which three conditions are the patient at increased risk? Choose 3 answers a. Food allergies b. Infertility c. Type 2 diabetes d. Osteoporosis e. Premature death f. Coronary artery disease Correct answer- c. Infertility e. Osteoporosis f. Premature death The occupational health nurse is starting a weight management program for employees. Several employees have stated goals for the class. Which employee goal is appropriate and realistic? a. I want to increase my energy level so I can have fun with my kids b. I want you to provide me with a plan to lose two dress sizes by next month c. I want my friends to envy how I look after I lose weight in this class d. I want to lose 20 pounds by my high school reunion in two weeks Correct answer- a. I want to increase my energy level so I can have fun with my kids Which two patients have effectively reduced their risk of complications associated with overweight or obesity after implementing a diet and exercise program? Choose 2 answers a. A patient with initial weight: 342 pounds (155 kg); weight lost: 10 pounds (4.5 kg) b. A patient with initial weight: 295 pounds (134 kg); weight lost: 6 pounds (2.7 kg) c. A patient with initial weight: 180 pounds (81 kg); weight lost: 18 pounds (8.1 kg) d. A patient with initial weight: 439 pounds (199 kg); weight lost: 50 pounds (22 kg) Correct answer- c. A patient with initial weight: 180 pounds (81 kg); weight lost: 18 pounds (8.1 kg) d. A patient with initial weight: 439 pounds (199 kg); weight lost: 50 pounds (22 kg) A nurse is evaluating a 12-year-old patient who has a body mass index (BMI) of 32 kg/m 2 and his family. Which two parental statements indicate a behavior linked to childhood obesity? Choose 2 answers a. "We give our child a cookie during stressful situations." b. "We plan for our family to eat most meals together." c. "Our culture expects children to eat a variety of foods." d. "Our child is expected to study, limiting time for exercise." Correct answer- a. "We give our child a cookie during stressful situations." d. "Our child is expected to study, limiting time for exercise." A middle school nurse is developing a program to help students control or prevent obesity. Which two approaches will promote long-term student success? Choose 2 answers a. Talk with the students daily about dieting to lose weight. b. Encourage students to critique media messages about food. c. Focus praise on students who maintain exercise programs. d. Avoid using food as a reward for students' accomplishments. Correct answer- b. Encourage students to critique media messages about food. d. Avoid using food as a reward for students' accomplishments. A nurse is teaching a group of patients about methods to modify eating habits to promote weight management. Which two patient statements indicate successful learning? Choose 2 answers a. "When I want food, I ask myself, 'Am I hungry?'" b. "Our family meets at a restaurant for a weekly dinner." c. "I eat in my car so I limit the time I spend at meals." d. "I have five small meals to sustain my energy level." Correct answer- a. "When I want food, I ask myself, 'Am I hungry?'" d. "I have five small meals to sustain my energy level." What is the smallest percentage of weight loss that has consistently shown to improve health and prevent weight-related health problems? a. 10% b. 15% c. 25% d. 30% Correct answer- a. 10% Which fat should be avoided in a plan for healthy eating? a. Omega-3 fatty acids b. Trans fats c. Monounsaturated fats d.Polyunsaturated fats Correct answer- b. Trans fats What is not a risk of malnutrition in adolescents? a. Stunting of linear growth b. Cognitive developmental delays c. Lowered bone acquisition d. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis Correct answer- d. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis A nurse evaluates a patient's understanding about lifestyle modifications to control hypertension. Which statement made by the patient would indicate the need for further instruction? a. "I will reduce my sodium intake." b. "I will start walking every day." c. "I will keep fat intake below 40%." d. "I will keep my BMI under 25 kg/m 2." Correct answer- c. "I will keep fat intake below 40%." A nurse evaluates a patient's understanding about lifestyle modifications to control hypertension. Which two statements from the patient would indicate the education was effective? Choose 2 answers a. "I will decrease my daily sodium to 1,600 mg." b. "I will walk briskly for 30 minutes most days." c. "I will maintain my fat intake at 40%." d. "I will keep my BMI at 30 to 35 kg/m 2." Correct answer- a. "I will decrease my daily sodium to 1,600 mg." b. "I will walk briskly for 30 minutes most days." Why should physical activity be increased slowly for a sedentary patient? Choose 2 answers a. To decrease the stress on the patient's heart b. To give the patient time to learn to like the activity c. To help prevent failure with the activity d. To help the patient burn more calories Correct answer- c. To help prevent failure with the activity d. To help the patient burn more calories Which information should a nurse analyze to calculate a patient's physical activity level (PAL) to help with weight management? a. Basal energy expenditure; total energy expenditure b. Fat free mass; thermic food effect c. Resting metabolic rate; target heart rate d. Body mass index; tolerable upper intake level Correct answer- a. Basal energy expenditure; total energy expenditure How does fiber help protect against type 2 diabetes? a. By preventing the conversion of carbohydrates to glucose b. By increasing the gastric emptying of glucose c. By delaying the absorption of glucose by the body d. By helping the liver and muscles store glucose Correct answer- c. By delaying the absorption of glucose by the body A nurse assesses a patient with prediabetes and finds that the patient has an elevated fasting blood glucose level. The nurse suggests that the patient begin a moderate exercise program. How will an exercise program affect the patient's health? a. It will decrease the risk of hyperglycemia b. It will decrease levels of HDL cholesterol c. It will increase insulin resistance d. It will increase insulin production from the pancreas Correct answer- d. It will increase insulin production from the pancreas A patient who is obese and newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is worried about the complications of diabetes. The nurse wants to suggest a long-term goal to help the patient minimize complications. Which long-term goal is an appropriate suggestion? a. Eliminating complex carbohydrates from diet b. Demonstrating accurate measurement of blood glucose c. Adjusting medication based on activity duration d. Reducing and maintaining body weight by at least 10% Correct answer- d. Reducing and maintaining body weight by at least 10% A school nurse evaluates the understanding of a high school health class about exercise recommendations for a healthy lifestyle. Which student statement indicates a need for further instruction? a. "I get enough exercise if I run for 30 minutes, 3 days a week." b. "My weekly lawn mowing counts toward my exercise total." c. "My lifeguard job at the pool provides the activity that I need." d. "I should exercise for at least 150 minutes each week." Correct answer- c. "My lifeguard job at the pool provides the activity that I need." The parents of an overweight child ask the nurse for recommendations to help the child develop healthier eating habits. Which three dietary recommendations should the nurse make for this child? Choose 3 answers a. Skip one meal each day. b. Avoid eating while watching TV. c. Drink juice between meals to curb appetite. d. Drink three cups of whole milk a day. e. Reduce the number of meals eaten at restaurants. f. Eat whole food snacks, like fresh fruits. Correct answer- b. Avoid eating while watching TV. e. Reduce the number of meals eaten at restaurants. f. Eat whole food snacks, like fresh fruits. An occupational health nurse tours a business after implementing a program to promote employee health. Which three positive outcomes demonstrate program success? Choose 3 answers a. Workers eat lunch at their desks. b. A desk worker uses a standing workstation. c. The vending machine contains nutritious snack options. d. The break room has a television and a microwave. e. Multiple meetings are scheduled on the same day. f. There are bicycles in the rack in front of the building. Correct answer- b. A desk worker uses a standing workstation. c. The vending machine contains nutritious snack options. f. There are bicycles in the rack in front of the building. A nurse is counseling a woman who is considering pregnancy. The patient asks about alcohol use during pregnancy. Which statement by the nurse about alcohol use is accurate? a. "It is safe to drink alcohol until you have a positive pregnancy test." b. "Alcohol intake during the first trimester is unrelated to fetal alcohol syndrome." c. "Infants exposed to alcohol in utero may have mental retardation." d. "Infants who have fetal alcohol syndrome have transient developmental problems." Correct answer- c. "Infants exposed to alcohol in utero may have mental retardation." Which factors increase the risk of a woman delivering a preterm infant? Choose 3 answers a. A body mass index of 30-35 b. Occasional wine consumption c. Use of antibiotic medications d. Use of tobacco products e. Diagnosis of gestational diabetes f. A body mass index of 19-24 Correct answer- a. A body mass index of 30-35 d. Use of tobacco products e. Diagnosis of gestational diabetes What information should a nurse provide to a pregnant woman regarding nutritional needs during pregnancy? a. Caloric intake should remain constant. b. There is an increased need for protein. c. Fat in the diet can be harmful to the developing fetus. d. Simple carbohydrates are the best way to meet energy needs. Correct answer- b. There is an increased need for protein. What instruction should a nurse provide a mother asking to decrease the risk of dental cavities in a teething infant? a. Provide 100% fruit juice at bedtime b. Avoid sharing utensils with the infant c. Begin dental care when the child has eight teeth d. Provide bottle of fluoridated water Correct answer- b. Avoid sharing utensils with the infant Which nutrient needs to be supplied in a bioavailable form for an individual on a vegetarian diet? a. Calcium b. Vitamin C c. Thiamine d. Selenium Correct answer- a. Calcium Which three strategies are appropriate for teaching an 18-year-old patient about nutrition? Choose 3 answers a. Present current recommendations and their rationales. b. Gear the nutritional counseling toward specific goals. c. Focus on nutritional concerns that impact the teen's appearance. d. Teach about making wise decisions when eating away from home. e. Teach that short-term rapid weight loss can be beneficial. f. Replace a meal using meal replacement drinks. Correct answer- b. Gear the nutritional counseling toward specific goals. c. Focus on nutritional concerns that impact the teen's appearance. d. Teach about making wise decisions when eating away from home. What weight loss advice should a nurse give to a 12-year-old child who is overweight? a. Weight loss should be addressed through exercise only. b. All unhealthy snacks and sweets should be eliminated. c. Weight loss should be addressed by reducing calories and increasing exercise. d. A strict vegetarian diet should be adopted. Correct answer- c. Weight loss should be addressed by reducing calories and increasing exercise. Which statement is accurate about weight gain in a teenager? a. Fast food intake among adolescents is one factor that causes poor nutrition and weight gain. b. A dramatic increase in BMI is expected during adolescence, but it is usually resolved during adulthood. c. As long as the teenager is eating nutritious meals at home, weight gain is nothing to be concerned about. d. Individual metabolism has no effect on weight gain in teenagers. Correct answer- a. Fast food intake among adolescents is one factor that causes poor nutrition and weight gain. Which three food choices would represent healthy snacking habits for an overweight teenager? Choose 3 answers a. Honey-coated breakfast cereal b. Carrot sticks with low-fat dip c. Unbuttered popcorn d. Cheese cubes e. Processed beef cheeseburger f. Hot dog Correct answer- b. Carrot sticks with low-fat dip c. Unbuttered popcorn d. Cheese cubes The dietician is planning menus for older adult patients in a nursing home. What pattern of eating can be expected of this age group? a. Older adults tend to eat at later times. b. Older adults tend to eat larger meals. c. Older adults tend to consume more sodium. d. Older adults tend to consume less fluid. Correct answer- d. Older adults tend to consume less fluid. Which two high fiber foods should a nurse suggest to an older adult patient? Choose 2 answers a. Fresh fruit b. Orange juice c. Oatmeal d. Chicken breast Correct answer- a. Fresh fruit c. Oatmeal Which type of food, if consumed, can result in the transmission of campylobacter? a. Undercooked poultry b. Unwashed leafy vegetables c. Moldy grain d. Unwashed fruit Correct answer- a. Undercooked poultry A community news report indicates that undercooked ground beef contaminated with Escherichia coli (E. coli) was served to a large group of people at a local restaurant. Which condition should the community health facilities prepare to treat? a. Encephalitis b. Enteritis c. Hepatitis d. Meningitis Correct answer- b. Enteritis Which action will decrease the risk of a foodborne illness from poultry? a. Storing poultry in the refrigerator for 7 to 10 days b. Refrigerating leftover poultry within 3 to 4 hours of cooking c. Cooking or freezing fresh poultry within 2 days of purchase d. Freezing poultry at 32 oF to maintain freshness Correct answer- c. Cooking or freezing fresh poultry within 2 days of purchase Which milk processing technique will allow milk to be stored at room temperature? a. Autoclaving b. Ultrapasteurization c. Irradiation d. Chemical preservatives Correct answer- b. Ultrapasteurization Which action should be taken to avoid a foodborne illness caused by chemical mycotoxins? a. Eating mushrooms within three days of purchase b. Keeping susceptible foods at room temperature c. Discarding foods that have developed mold d. Processing food at high temperatures Correct answer- c. Discarding foods that have developed mold A patient presents to the emergency room with symptoms progressing from nausea to oral paresthesia to respiratory distress. The nurse learns that the patient ate grouper fish four hours earlier. Which chemical toxin should be suspected as causing these symptoms? a. Shigella toxin b. Vibrio toxin c. Mycotoxin d. Ciguatoxin Correct answer- d. Ciguatoxin Which information on a food label indicates that a food is 100% organic? a. "USDA organic seal" b. "GMO Free" c. "Made with organic ingredients" d. "Made with all natural ingredients" Correct answer- a. "USDA organic seal" A nurse reads a food label that indicates "made with organic wheat flour and sugar." How should the nurse interpret this label? a. The food contains at least 70% certified organic content. b. The food is a multi-ingredient product with less than half organic content. c. The food is a 100% certified organic product. d. The food came from a small organic farmer. Correct answer- a. The food contains at least 70% certified organic content. According to the United States Households by Food Security Status, part of the population was classified as having reduced quality, variety, or desirability of diet. Which food security status category does this classification fall under? a. Marginal food security b. High food security c. Very low food security d. Low food security Correct answer- d. Low food security What does the Food Security Survey Module measure? a. Cultural acceptability of food b. Safety of diet c. Changes of diet d. Sufficiency of food Correct answer- d. Sufficiency of food A nurse educator is lecturing first-semester students on hunger. Which statement from a student indicates that teaching was effective? a. Hunger is the inability to fully meet the basic needs of household members b. Hunger is the uneasy or painful sensation caused by a lack of food c. Hunger is the inadequate amount of food intake due to a lack of resources d. Hunger is the limited or uncertain availability of a nutritionally adequate diet Correct answer- b. Hunger is the uneasy or painful sensation caused by a lack of food Which outcome measure is used to provide insight into the public's ability to secure adequate food? a. Household food security status b. Public health nutrition status c. National nutrition status d. Food security measurement status Correct answer- a. Household food security status Which nutritional deficiency causes brain damage and intellectual impairment on a global scale? a. Iodine deficiency b. Vitamin C deficiency c. Iron deficiency d. Vitamin A deficiency Correct answer- a. Iodine deficiency Which is a contributing factor to global hunger? a. Food waste b. Crop rotations c. Democracy and rights d. Dam building for irrigation Correct answer- a. Food waste Which two federally funded entitlement programs are available in every U.S. community for those who meet income eligibility criteria? Choose 2 answers a. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) b. Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program c. Nutrition Services Incentive Program (NSIP) d. Child Nutrition Programs Correct answer- a. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) d. Child Nutrition Programs What is a goal of providing meals in group settings to older adults? a. To reduce the cost of meals b. To decrease the burden on caregivers c. To provide socialization opportunities d. To increase food insecurity Correct answer- c. To provide socialization opportunities Which dietary supplement is involved in coagulation and should be avoided while taking warfarin (Coumadin)? a. St. John's wort b. Acai c. Vitamin K d. Vitamin C Correct answer- c. Vitamin K Which two vitamins cannot be cleared by the body in high doses? Choose 2 answers a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin B c. Vitamin C d. Vitamin D Correct answer- b. Vitamin B c. Vitamin C What is the first resource to consult when looking for sound information about dietary supplements? a. Your healthcare provider b. The supplement manufacturer c. Internet community forums d. The World Health Organization website Correct answer- a. Your healthcare provider What are the functions of protein as an ergogenic aid? a. To enhance muscle mass and deplete glycogen storage b. To increase aerobic capacity and increase nitrogen retention c. To enhance muscle mass and increase nitrogen retention d. To increase aerobic capacity and deplete glycogen storage Correct answer- c. To enhance muscle mass and increase nitrogen retention Which foods create a nutrient-dense breakfast? a. Eggs, toast, and butter b. Pancakes and syrup c. Sausage, potatoes, and eggs d. Oatmeal and blueberries Correct answer- d. Oatmeal and blueberries Which activity is appropriate for kindergarten students, aged 5 and 6, to develop healthy eating habits? a. Teach the students a song about the five food groups. b. Assign students to write a description of a new food. c. Have the students read food labels for different nutrients. d. Ask students to plan a meal using healthy foods. Correct answer- a. Teach the students a song about the five food groups. A school nurse selects an activity to reinforce nutrition education given to fourth-grade students, aged 9 and 10. Which activity is appropriate for this age group? a. Teach the students a rhyme about the five food groups. b. Assign the students to write a description of a new food. c. Show the students a cartoon featuring animated vegetables. d. Have the students identify the food groups in a particular meal. Correct answer- d. Have the students identify the food groups in a particular meal. Which problem associated with food insecurity should a nurse monitor when evaluating the health status of a low-income family? a. Obesity in family members b. An increase in type 1 diabetes c. An increase in math and reading achievement d. Strong attachment to food Correct answer- a. Obesity in family members Which two instructional methods are effective for creating a nutritional teaching plan for a group of recent immigrants who have limited English proficiency (LEP)? Choose 2 answers a. Show pictures of foods. b. Provide a printed handout. c. Include familiar dietary habits. d. Demonstrate how to use kitchen appliances. Correct answer- a. Show pictures of foods. c. Include familiar dietary habits. A nurse notes that an older adult patient who has a limited income and who lives alone has a body mass index of 17 kg/m2. The patient states it is difficult to get to the store to buy groceries. Which nursing action would help improve the patient's nutrition? a. Arrange home meal deliveries by Meals on Wheels. b. Encourage the patient to order groceries online. c. Encourage the patient to use food stamps. d. Apply for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. Correct answer- a. Arrange home meal deliveries by Meals on Wheels.