1
TEST IBANK
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE IBIOLOGIC IBASIS IFOR IDISEASE IIN IADULTS IAND
ICHILDREN
8th IEdition
Kathryn IL. IMcCance, ISue IE. IHuether
Page 1 of 532
,2
III2
Contents
Chapter I01: ICellular IBiology .............................................................................................................................. 4
Chapter I02: IAltered ICellular Iand ITissue IBiology: IEnvironmental IAgents ........................................................ 18
Chapter I03: IThe ICellular IEnvironment: IFluids Iand IElectrolytes, IAcids Iand IBases ........................................... 32
Chapter I04: IGenes Iand IGenetic IDiseases ........................................................................................................ 46
Chapter I05: IGenes, IEnvironment-Lifestyle, Iand ICommon IDiseases ............................................................... 58
Chapter I06: IEpigenetics Iand IDisease ............................................................................................................... 66
Chapter I07: IInnate IImmunity: IInflammation Iand IWound IHealing .................................................................. 71
Chapter I08: IAdaptive IImmunity ...................................................................................................................... 86
Chapter I09: IAlterations Iin IImmunity Iand IInflammation ................................................................................. 98
Chapter I10: IInfection ..................................................................................................................................... 111
Chapter I11: IStress Iand IDisease...................................................................................................................... 121
Chapter I12: ICancer IBiology ........................................................................................................................... 128
Chapter I13: ICancer IEpidemiology ................................................................................................................. 142
Chapter I14: ICancer Iin IChildren ...................................................................................................................... 148
Chapter I15: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe INeurologic ISystem ..................................................................... 153
Chapter I16: IPain, ITemperature IRegulation, ISleep, Iand ISensory IFunction .................................................... 164
Chapter I17: IAlterations Iin ICognitive ISystems, ICerebral IHemodynamics, Iand IMotor IFunction .................... 179
Chapter I18: IDisorders Iof Ithe ICentral Iand IPeripheral INervous ISystems Iand Ithe INeuromuscular IJunction
..................................................................................................................................................................
I188 ................................................................................................................................................................ 193
Chapter I19: INeurobiology Iof ISchizophrenia, IMood IDisorders, Iand IAnxiety IDisorders................................. 205
Chapter I20: IAlterations Iof INeurologic IFunction Iin IChildren ......................................................................... 212
Chapter I21: IMechanisms Iof IHormonal IRegulation ....................................................................................... 219
Chapter I22: IAlterations Iof IHormonal IRegulation .......................................................................................... 228
Chapter I23: IObesity Iand IDisorders Iof INutrition ............................................................................................ 240
Chapter I24: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe IReproductive ISystems ............................................................... 245
Chapter I25: IAlterations Iof Ithe IFemale IReproductive ISystem ....................................................................... 255
Chapter I26: IAlterations Iof Ithe IMale IReproductive ISystem ........................................................................... 266
Page 2 of 532
,3
Chapter I27: ISexually ITransmitted IInfections ................................................................................................. 272
Chapter I28: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe IHematologic ISystem .................................................................. 280
Chapter I29: IAlterations Iof IErythrocytes, IPlatelets, Iand IHemostatic IFunction .............................................. 291
III 3 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 297
Chapter I30: IAlterations Iof ILeukocyte Iand ILymphoid IFunction ..................................................................... 303
Chapter I31: IAlterations Iof IHematologic IFunction Iin IChildren....................................................................... 311
Chapter I32: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe ICardiovascular Iand ILymphatic ISystems .................................... 323
Chapter I33: IAlterations Iof ICardiovascular IFunction...................................................................................... 337
Chapter I34: IAlterations Iof ICardiovascular IFunction Iin IChildren ................................................................... 352
Chapter I35: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe IPulmonary ISystem ..................................................................... 361
Chapter I36: IAlterations Iof IPulmonary IFunction ............................................................................................ 372
Chapter I37: IAlterations Iof IPulmonary IFunction Iin IChildren.......................................................................... 391
Chapter I38: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe IRenal Iand IUrologic ISystems ...................................................... 399
Chapter I39: IAlterations Iof IRenal Iand IUrinary ITract IFunction ....................................................................... 409
Chapter I40: IAlterations Iof IRenal Iand IUrinary ITract IFunction Iin IChildren ..................................................... 419
Chapter I41: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe IDigestive ISystem........................................................................ 427
Chapter I42: IAlterations Iof IDigestive IFunction............................................................................................... 439
Chapter I43: IAlterations Iof IDigestive IFunction Iin IChildren ............................................................................ 450
Chapter I44: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe IMusculoskeletal ISystem ............................................................ 459
Chapter I45: IAlterations Iof IMusculoskeletal IFunction ................................................................................... 471
Chapter I46: IAlterations Iof IMusculoskeletal IFunction Iin IChildren ................................................................. 485
Chapter I47: IStructure, IFunction, Iand IDisorders Iof Ithe IIntegument.............................................................. 497
Chapter I48: IAlterations Iof Ithe IIntegument Iin IChildren ................................................................................. 509
Chapter I49: IShock, IMultiple IOrgan IDysfunction ISyndrome, Iand IBurns Iin IAdults ......................................... 517
Chapter I50: IShock, IMultiple IOrgan IDysfunction ISyndrome, Iand IBurns Iin IChildren...................................... 525
Page 3 of 532
, 4
Test IBank I- IPathophysiology: IThe IBiologic IBasis Ifor IDisease Iin IAdults Iand IChildren I(8th) III
II
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
I I I
MULTIPLE ICHOICE
1. Which Istatement Ibest Idescribes Ithe Icellular Ifunction Iof Imetabolic Iabsorption?
a. Cells Ican Iproduce Iproteins.
b. Cells Ican Isecrete Idigestive Ienzymes.
c. Cells Ican Itake Iin Iand Iuse Inutrients.
d. Cells Ican Isynthesize Ifats. ANS: I C
In Imetabolic Iabsorption, Iall Icells Itake Iin Iand Iuse Inutrients Iand Iother Isubstances Ifrom Itheir
Isurroundings. IThe Iremaining Ioptions Iare Inot Iinclusive Iin Itheir Idescriptions Iof Icellular Imetabolic
absorption.I
PTS: I I I 1 DIF: Cognitive ILevel: IRemembering
2. Where Iis Imost Iof Ia Icell’s Igenetic Iinformation, Iincluding IRNA Iand IDNA, Icontained? a.
Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome ANS: I C
The Inucleus Icontains Ithe Inucleolus, Ia Ismall Idense Istructure Icomposed Ilargely Iof IRNA, Imost Iof
theI Icellular IDNA, Iand Ithe IDNA-binding Iproteins, Isuch Ias Ithe Ihistones, Iwhich Iregulate Iits
Iactivity. IThe Imitochondria Iare Iresponsible Ifor Icellular Irespiration Iand Ienergy Iproduction.
Ribosomes’ Ichief Ifunction Iis Ito Iprovide Isites Ifor Icellular Iprotein Isynthesis. ILysosomes Ifunction
asI Ithe Iintracellular Idigestive Isystem.
PTS: I I I 1 DIF: Cognitive ILevel: IRemembering
3. Which Icomponent Iof Ithe Icell Iproduces Ihydrogen Iperoxide I(H2O2) Iby Iusing Ioxygen Ito Iremove
hydrogenI Iatoms Ifrom Ispecific Isubstrates Iin Ian Ioxidative Ireaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: I B
Peroxisomes Iare Iso Inamed Ibecause Ithey Iusually Icontain Ienzymes Ithat Iuse Ioxygen Ito Iremove
Ihydrogen Iatoms Ifrom Ispecific Isubstrates Iin Ian Ioxidative Ireaction Ithat Iproduces IH2O2, Iwhich Iis Ia
powerfulI Ioxidant Iand Ipotentially Idestructive Iif Iit Iaccumulates Ior Iescapes Ifrom Iperoxisomes.
Ribosomes Iare IRNA-protein Icomplexes I(nucleoproteins) Ithat Iare Isynthesized Iin Ithe Inucleolus
TEST IBANK
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE IBIOLOGIC IBASIS IFOR IDISEASE IIN IADULTS IAND
ICHILDREN
8th IEdition
Kathryn IL. IMcCance, ISue IE. IHuether
Page 1 of 532
,2
III2
Contents
Chapter I01: ICellular IBiology .............................................................................................................................. 4
Chapter I02: IAltered ICellular Iand ITissue IBiology: IEnvironmental IAgents ........................................................ 18
Chapter I03: IThe ICellular IEnvironment: IFluids Iand IElectrolytes, IAcids Iand IBases ........................................... 32
Chapter I04: IGenes Iand IGenetic IDiseases ........................................................................................................ 46
Chapter I05: IGenes, IEnvironment-Lifestyle, Iand ICommon IDiseases ............................................................... 58
Chapter I06: IEpigenetics Iand IDisease ............................................................................................................... 66
Chapter I07: IInnate IImmunity: IInflammation Iand IWound IHealing .................................................................. 71
Chapter I08: IAdaptive IImmunity ...................................................................................................................... 86
Chapter I09: IAlterations Iin IImmunity Iand IInflammation ................................................................................. 98
Chapter I10: IInfection ..................................................................................................................................... 111
Chapter I11: IStress Iand IDisease...................................................................................................................... 121
Chapter I12: ICancer IBiology ........................................................................................................................... 128
Chapter I13: ICancer IEpidemiology ................................................................................................................. 142
Chapter I14: ICancer Iin IChildren ...................................................................................................................... 148
Chapter I15: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe INeurologic ISystem ..................................................................... 153
Chapter I16: IPain, ITemperature IRegulation, ISleep, Iand ISensory IFunction .................................................... 164
Chapter I17: IAlterations Iin ICognitive ISystems, ICerebral IHemodynamics, Iand IMotor IFunction .................... 179
Chapter I18: IDisorders Iof Ithe ICentral Iand IPeripheral INervous ISystems Iand Ithe INeuromuscular IJunction
..................................................................................................................................................................
I188 ................................................................................................................................................................ 193
Chapter I19: INeurobiology Iof ISchizophrenia, IMood IDisorders, Iand IAnxiety IDisorders................................. 205
Chapter I20: IAlterations Iof INeurologic IFunction Iin IChildren ......................................................................... 212
Chapter I21: IMechanisms Iof IHormonal IRegulation ....................................................................................... 219
Chapter I22: IAlterations Iof IHormonal IRegulation .......................................................................................... 228
Chapter I23: IObesity Iand IDisorders Iof INutrition ............................................................................................ 240
Chapter I24: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe IReproductive ISystems ............................................................... 245
Chapter I25: IAlterations Iof Ithe IFemale IReproductive ISystem ....................................................................... 255
Chapter I26: IAlterations Iof Ithe IMale IReproductive ISystem ........................................................................... 266
Page 2 of 532
,3
Chapter I27: ISexually ITransmitted IInfections ................................................................................................. 272
Chapter I28: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe IHematologic ISystem .................................................................. 280
Chapter I29: IAlterations Iof IErythrocytes, IPlatelets, Iand IHemostatic IFunction .............................................. 291
III 3 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 297
Chapter I30: IAlterations Iof ILeukocyte Iand ILymphoid IFunction ..................................................................... 303
Chapter I31: IAlterations Iof IHematologic IFunction Iin IChildren....................................................................... 311
Chapter I32: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe ICardiovascular Iand ILymphatic ISystems .................................... 323
Chapter I33: IAlterations Iof ICardiovascular IFunction...................................................................................... 337
Chapter I34: IAlterations Iof ICardiovascular IFunction Iin IChildren ................................................................... 352
Chapter I35: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe IPulmonary ISystem ..................................................................... 361
Chapter I36: IAlterations Iof IPulmonary IFunction ............................................................................................ 372
Chapter I37: IAlterations Iof IPulmonary IFunction Iin IChildren.......................................................................... 391
Chapter I38: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe IRenal Iand IUrologic ISystems ...................................................... 399
Chapter I39: IAlterations Iof IRenal Iand IUrinary ITract IFunction ....................................................................... 409
Chapter I40: IAlterations Iof IRenal Iand IUrinary ITract IFunction Iin IChildren ..................................................... 419
Chapter I41: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe IDigestive ISystem........................................................................ 427
Chapter I42: IAlterations Iof IDigestive IFunction............................................................................................... 439
Chapter I43: IAlterations Iof IDigestive IFunction Iin IChildren ............................................................................ 450
Chapter I44: IStructure Iand IFunction Iof Ithe IMusculoskeletal ISystem ............................................................ 459
Chapter I45: IAlterations Iof IMusculoskeletal IFunction ................................................................................... 471
Chapter I46: IAlterations Iof IMusculoskeletal IFunction Iin IChildren ................................................................. 485
Chapter I47: IStructure, IFunction, Iand IDisorders Iof Ithe IIntegument.............................................................. 497
Chapter I48: IAlterations Iof Ithe IIntegument Iin IChildren ................................................................................. 509
Chapter I49: IShock, IMultiple IOrgan IDysfunction ISyndrome, Iand IBurns Iin IAdults ......................................... 517
Chapter I50: IShock, IMultiple IOrgan IDysfunction ISyndrome, Iand IBurns Iin IChildren...................................... 525
Page 3 of 532
, 4
Test IBank I- IPathophysiology: IThe IBiologic IBasis Ifor IDisease Iin IAdults Iand IChildren I(8th) III
II
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
I I I
MULTIPLE ICHOICE
1. Which Istatement Ibest Idescribes Ithe Icellular Ifunction Iof Imetabolic Iabsorption?
a. Cells Ican Iproduce Iproteins.
b. Cells Ican Isecrete Idigestive Ienzymes.
c. Cells Ican Itake Iin Iand Iuse Inutrients.
d. Cells Ican Isynthesize Ifats. ANS: I C
In Imetabolic Iabsorption, Iall Icells Itake Iin Iand Iuse Inutrients Iand Iother Isubstances Ifrom Itheir
Isurroundings. IThe Iremaining Ioptions Iare Inot Iinclusive Iin Itheir Idescriptions Iof Icellular Imetabolic
absorption.I
PTS: I I I 1 DIF: Cognitive ILevel: IRemembering
2. Where Iis Imost Iof Ia Icell’s Igenetic Iinformation, Iincluding IRNA Iand IDNA, Icontained? a.
Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome ANS: I C
The Inucleus Icontains Ithe Inucleolus, Ia Ismall Idense Istructure Icomposed Ilargely Iof IRNA, Imost Iof
theI Icellular IDNA, Iand Ithe IDNA-binding Iproteins, Isuch Ias Ithe Ihistones, Iwhich Iregulate Iits
Iactivity. IThe Imitochondria Iare Iresponsible Ifor Icellular Irespiration Iand Ienergy Iproduction.
Ribosomes’ Ichief Ifunction Iis Ito Iprovide Isites Ifor Icellular Iprotein Isynthesis. ILysosomes Ifunction
asI Ithe Iintracellular Idigestive Isystem.
PTS: I I I 1 DIF: Cognitive ILevel: IRemembering
3. Which Icomponent Iof Ithe Icell Iproduces Ihydrogen Iperoxide I(H2O2) Iby Iusing Ioxygen Ito Iremove
hydrogenI Iatoms Ifrom Ispecific Isubstrates Iin Ian Ioxidative Ireaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: I B
Peroxisomes Iare Iso Inamed Ibecause Ithey Iusually Icontain Ienzymes Ithat Iuse Ioxygen Ito Iremove
Ihydrogen Iatoms Ifrom Ispecific Isubstrates Iin Ian Ioxidative Ireaction Ithat Iproduces IH2O2, Iwhich Iis Ia
powerfulI Ioxidant Iand Ipotentially Idestructive Iif Iit Iaccumulates Ior Iescapes Ifrom Iperoxisomes.
Ribosomes Iare IRNA-protein Icomplexes I(nucleoproteins) Ithat Iare Isynthesized Iin Ithe Inucleolus
