1
Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology
i i i i i
Multiple-Choice What i
i Is Psychology?
i
Learning Objectives
i
● Define ipsychology iand idescribe ithe imajor isubfields iwithin ipsychology.
● Describe ithe ifive ienduring iissues ithat icut iacross ithe isubfields iof ipsychology.
● Explain iwhat ipsychology ihas iin icommon iwith iother isciences, ihow ipsychologists iuse
ithe scientifici imethod, iand ithe idifference ibetween itheories iand ihypotheses.
● Apply icritical ithinking ito ian iarticle iin ia imagazine ior inewspaper.
1. Psychology iis ithe iscientific istudy iof .
a. how ipersonality ican ibe idetermined iby ithe isize iand ishape iof ione's ihead
b. behavior iand imental iprocesses
c. the iphysiological ifunctions iof ithe ibrain
d. how icultures iand isocieties idevelop iand iinteract iwith ieach iother
Answer: ib iDifficulty:
i1
Page iReference: i3
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iF
2. Psychologists iare iinterested iin .
a. every iaspect iof ihuman ithought iand ibehavior
Correct: iThe idifferent iperspectives iof ipsychology iencompass ievery iaspect iof ihuman ithoughts,
feelings,i iand iactions.
b. aspects iof ihuman ibehavior, ibut inot ihuman ithought
Incorrect: iBehavior iis iabsolutely icrucial ito ithe istudy iof ipsychology, ibut iso itoo iis ithe iconcept iof
humani ithought.
c. aspects iof ihuman ithought, ibut inot ihuman ibehavior
d. only imajor iaspects iof ihuman ithought iand ibehavior
Answer: ia iDifficulty:
i1
Page iReference: i3
Page 1 of 118
,2
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iC
3. Psychology .
a. rarely iredefines iitself, iand iwhen iit idoes, iit idoes iso imore inarrowly virtually
inever iredefines iitself
Incorrect: iThe ifield iof ipsychology iis ivery iintrospective, imaking isure ito iredefine iitself ias ioften iasis
i inecessary.
c. continually iredefines iitself imore inarrowly
d. continually iredefines iitself imore ibroadly
Correct: iNew iresearch imethods, iareas iof iinquiry, iand icollaborations iwith iother isciences
iallows psychologyi ito icontinually iredefine iitself.
Answer: id iDifficulty:
i2
Page iReference: i3
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iF
4. Psychology iis .
a. is ia isingle, iunified ifield iof istudy
Incorrect: iThere iis ino isingle, iunifying idefinition iof ipsychology; irather, iit iis ia icombination
iofmany i idifferent iareas iof iacademic ipursuit.
b. is ian i"umbrella" ifor ia iloose iamalgamation iof idifferent isubfields
Correct: iThe ifact ithat ithere iis ino isingle iunifying idefinition iof ipsychology isuggests ithat iit iis ia
combinationi iof imany isub-disciplines.
c. is icomprised iof itwo idistinct isubfields
d. not ia ifield iof istudy iat iall
Answer: ib iDifficulty:
i1
Page iReference: i3
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iC
5. Each iof ithe ifollowing iis ia ispecialty iarea iwithin idevelopmental ipsychology iEXCEPT
i .
a. lifespan ipsychology
b. psychobiology
c. child ipsychology
d. adolescent ipsychology
Page 2 of 118
,3
Answer: ib iDifficulty:
i1
Page iReference: i4
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iF
6. If iI iran ia iTV istation iand iwanted ia iconsultant ito iadvise ime ion ichildren's iprogramming, iI iwould
mosti ilikely ihire ia(n) psychologist. a. experimental
developmental
Correct: iA idevelopmental ipsychologist iwould ibe ian iexpert iin ithe icognitive idevelopment iof
children,i iso iwould ihave igood iinformation ion ihow ito istructure ichildren’s itelevision
iprogramming. c. personality
d. clinical
Incorrect: iA iclinical ipsychologist imight, iindeed, iwork iwith ichildren iwith ivarious ilevels iof
psychopathology,i ibut ithe ibest ianswer ihere iis ian iexpert ion ichildren’s idevelopment, ior ia
idevelopmental ipsychologist.
Answer: ib
Difficulty: i1 4 iyr.: i90% i r i= i.31
Page iReference: i4
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iA
7. Life-span ipsychologists ifocus imainly ion istudying .
a. adolescent ichanges iand idevelopment
b. the iadult iyears
c. the ientire idevelopmental ispectrum ifrom iinfancy ithrough iadulthood
d. infancy iand ichildhood idevelopment
Answer: ib iDifficulty:
i2
Page iReference: i4
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iF
8. The iAmerican iPsychological iAssociation iis imade iup iof iabout divisions. a. 10
b. 30
c. 70
d. 50
Answer: id iDifficulty:
i2
Page iReference: i4
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iF
Page 3 of 118
, 4
9. A igroup iof ipsychologists istudy ihuman, imental, iand iphysical igrowth ifrom ithe iprenatal
iperiod throughi ichildhood, iadolescence, iadulthood, iand iold iage. iThey iare imost ilikely i i
ipsychologists.
a. developmental
Correct: iDevelopmental ipsychologists istudy iall iaspects iof igrowth iand ichange ifrom iconception
throughi ideath.
social
Page 4 of 118
Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology
i i i i i
Multiple-Choice What i
i Is Psychology?
i
Learning Objectives
i
● Define ipsychology iand idescribe ithe imajor isubfields iwithin ipsychology.
● Describe ithe ifive ienduring iissues ithat icut iacross ithe isubfields iof ipsychology.
● Explain iwhat ipsychology ihas iin icommon iwith iother isciences, ihow ipsychologists iuse
ithe scientifici imethod, iand ithe idifference ibetween itheories iand ihypotheses.
● Apply icritical ithinking ito ian iarticle iin ia imagazine ior inewspaper.
1. Psychology iis ithe iscientific istudy iof .
a. how ipersonality ican ibe idetermined iby ithe isize iand ishape iof ione's ihead
b. behavior iand imental iprocesses
c. the iphysiological ifunctions iof ithe ibrain
d. how icultures iand isocieties idevelop iand iinteract iwith ieach iother
Answer: ib iDifficulty:
i1
Page iReference: i3
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iF
2. Psychologists iare iinterested iin .
a. every iaspect iof ihuman ithought iand ibehavior
Correct: iThe idifferent iperspectives iof ipsychology iencompass ievery iaspect iof ihuman ithoughts,
feelings,i iand iactions.
b. aspects iof ihuman ibehavior, ibut inot ihuman ithought
Incorrect: iBehavior iis iabsolutely icrucial ito ithe istudy iof ipsychology, ibut iso itoo iis ithe iconcept iof
humani ithought.
c. aspects iof ihuman ithought, ibut inot ihuman ibehavior
d. only imajor iaspects iof ihuman ithought iand ibehavior
Answer: ia iDifficulty:
i1
Page iReference: i3
Page 1 of 118
,2
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iC
3. Psychology .
a. rarely iredefines iitself, iand iwhen iit idoes, iit idoes iso imore inarrowly virtually
inever iredefines iitself
Incorrect: iThe ifield iof ipsychology iis ivery iintrospective, imaking isure ito iredefine iitself ias ioften iasis
i inecessary.
c. continually iredefines iitself imore inarrowly
d. continually iredefines iitself imore ibroadly
Correct: iNew iresearch imethods, iareas iof iinquiry, iand icollaborations iwith iother isciences
iallows psychologyi ito icontinually iredefine iitself.
Answer: id iDifficulty:
i2
Page iReference: i3
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iF
4. Psychology iis .
a. is ia isingle, iunified ifield iof istudy
Incorrect: iThere iis ino isingle, iunifying idefinition iof ipsychology; irather, iit iis ia icombination
iofmany i idifferent iareas iof iacademic ipursuit.
b. is ian i"umbrella" ifor ia iloose iamalgamation iof idifferent isubfields
Correct: iThe ifact ithat ithere iis ino isingle iunifying idefinition iof ipsychology isuggests ithat iit iis ia
combinationi iof imany isub-disciplines.
c. is icomprised iof itwo idistinct isubfields
d. not ia ifield iof istudy iat iall
Answer: ib iDifficulty:
i1
Page iReference: i3
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iC
5. Each iof ithe ifollowing iis ia ispecialty iarea iwithin idevelopmental ipsychology iEXCEPT
i .
a. lifespan ipsychology
b. psychobiology
c. child ipsychology
d. adolescent ipsychology
Page 2 of 118
,3
Answer: ib iDifficulty:
i1
Page iReference: i4
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iF
6. If iI iran ia iTV istation iand iwanted ia iconsultant ito iadvise ime ion ichildren's iprogramming, iI iwould
mosti ilikely ihire ia(n) psychologist. a. experimental
developmental
Correct: iA idevelopmental ipsychologist iwould ibe ian iexpert iin ithe icognitive idevelopment iof
children,i iso iwould ihave igood iinformation ion ihow ito istructure ichildren’s itelevision
iprogramming. c. personality
d. clinical
Incorrect: iA iclinical ipsychologist imight, iindeed, iwork iwith ichildren iwith ivarious ilevels iof
psychopathology,i ibut ithe ibest ianswer ihere iis ian iexpert ion ichildren’s idevelopment, ior ia
idevelopmental ipsychologist.
Answer: ib
Difficulty: i1 4 iyr.: i90% i r i= i.31
Page iReference: i4
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iA
7. Life-span ipsychologists ifocus imainly ion istudying .
a. adolescent ichanges iand idevelopment
b. the iadult iyears
c. the ientire idevelopmental ispectrum ifrom iinfancy ithrough iadulthood
d. infancy iand ichildhood idevelopment
Answer: ib iDifficulty:
i2
Page iReference: i4
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iF
8. The iAmerican iPsychological iAssociation iis imade iup iof iabout divisions. a. 10
b. 30
c. 70
d. 50
Answer: id iDifficulty:
i2
Page iReference: i4
Topic: iWhat iIs iPsychology?
Skill:i iF
Page 3 of 118
, 4
9. A igroup iof ipsychologists istudy ihuman, imental, iand iphysical igrowth ifrom ithe iprenatal
iperiod throughi ichildhood, iadolescence, iadulthood, iand iold iage. iThey iare imost ilikely i i
ipsychologists.
a. developmental
Correct: iDevelopmental ipsychologists istudy iall iaspects iof igrowth iand ichange ifrom iconception
throughi ideath.
social
Page 4 of 118
